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{{Short description|Repository for preprints}}
{{redirect|SSRN|the submarine|USS Triton (SSRN-586)}}
{{infobox bibliographic database
| title = SSRN
| image = SSRNLogo.jpg
| caption =
| industry = Information and Open Access Content
| producer = [[Elsevier]]
| country =
| history = 1994–present
| languages = [[English language|English]]
| providers =
| cost = Mostly fee-free (monetarily gratis)
| disciplines = Social sciences, engineering sciences, humanities, life sciences, applied sciences, health and physical sciences
| depth = Index, abstract & full-text
| formats = Papers
| temporal =
| geospatial =
| number =
| updates =
| p_title =
| p_dates =
| ISSN = 1556-5068
| web = [http://www.ssrn.com www.ssrn.com]
| titles =
}}

The '''SSRN''', formerly known as '''Social Science Research Network''', is a [[Institutional repository|repository]] for [[preprints]] devoted to the rapid dissemination of scholarly research in the social sciences and humanities and more. [[Elsevier]] bought SSRN from Social Science Electronic Publishing Inc. in May 2016.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |last=Gordon |first=Gregg |date=17 May 2016 |title=SSRN—a leading social science and humanities repository and online community—joins Elsevier |url=https://www.elsevier.com/connect/ssrn-the-leading-social-science-and-humanities-repository-and-online-community-joins-elsevier |work=Elsevier Connect |publisher=Elsevier |access-date=17 May 2016}}</ref>

==History==
SSRN was founded in 1994 by [[Michael C. Jensen|Michael Jensen]] and Wayne Marr, both [[financial economics|financial economists]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rbj.net/2016/06/03/dutch-company-acquires-firm-in-brighton/|title=Dutch company acquires firm in Brighton|last=Feltner|first=Kerry|date=2016-06-03|website=Rochester Business Journal|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-21}}</ref>

In January 2013, SSRN was ranked the biggest open-access repository in the world by Ranking Web of Repositories (an initiative of the [[Cybermetrics Lab]], a research group belonging to the [[Spanish National Research Council]]),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://repositories.webometrics.info/en/world|title=World|date=January 2013|publisher=Cybermetrics Lab|work=Ranking Web of Repositories|access-date=11 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130629031236/http://repositories.webometrics.info/en/world|archive-date=2013-06-29}}</ref> measured by number of PDF files, backlinks and [[Google Scholar]] results.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://repositories.webometrics.info/en/Methodology|title=Methodology|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130701033427/http://repositories.webometrics.info/en/Methodology|archive-date=2013-07-01}}</ref>

In May 2016, SSRN was bought from Social Science Electronic Publishing Inc. by [[Elsevier]].<ref name=":0" /> On 17 May 2016, the SSRN founder and chairman [[Michael C. Jensen]] wrote a letter to the SSRN community in which he cited SSRN CEO Gregg Gordon's post on the [[Elsevier Connect]]<ref>[https://www.elsevier.com/connect/ssrn-the-leading-social-science-and-humanities-repository-and-online-community-joins-elsevier Elsevier Connect]</ref> and the "new opportunities" coming from the fusion,<ref name="SSRN in Elsevier">{{cite web|url=https://www.elsevier.com/connect/ssrn-the-,leading-social-science-and-humanities-repository-and-online-community-joins-elsevier|title=Photo|trans-title=SSRN—the leading social science and humanities repository and online community—joins Elsevier|author= Gregg Gordon|date =May 17, 2016}}</ref> such as a broader global network and the freedom "to upload and download papers" (with more data, more resources, as well as new management tools). While predicting "some conflicts" on the interests alignment of the former competitors, he defined them as "surmountable".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/ssrn-joins-mendeley-elsevier/ |title=From The Desk of Michael C. Jensen, Chairman|date=May 17, 2016|publisher=SSRN |author=Michael C. Jensen}}</ref>

In July 2016 there were reports of papers being removed from SSRN without notice; revision comments from SSRN indicated this was due to copyright concerns.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20160718/02211935003/just-as-open-competitor-to-elseviers-ssrn-launches-ssrn-accused-copyright-crackdown.shtml|title=Just as Open Competitor to Elsevier's SSRN Launches, SSRN Accused Of Copyright Crackdown|publisher=[[Techdirt]] |last=Masnick|first=Mike|access-date=6 August 2016}}</ref> Gordon characterized the issue as a mistake affecting about 20 papers.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2016/07/19/social-science-research-network-confusion-leads-calls-boycott |title=There Isn't Some Big Conspiracy Happening |website=Inside Higher Ed|last=Straumsheim|first=Carl|access-date=6 August 2016}}</ref>

==Operations==
Academic papers in [[Portable Document Format]] can be uploaded directly to the SSRN site by authors and are then available around the world via download. Users can also subscribe to abstracting emails covering a broad range of research areas and topic specialties. These distributing emails contain abstracts (with links to the full text where applicable) of papers recently submitted to SSRN in the respective field.

SSRN, like other preprint services, circulates publications throughout the scholarly community at an early stage, permitting the author to incorporate comments into the final version of the paper before its publication in a journal. Moreover, even if access to the published paper is restricted, access to the original working paper remains open through SSRN, so long as the author decides to keep the paper up. Often authors take papers down at the request of publishers, particularly if they are published by commercial or university presses that depend on payment for paper copies or online access.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.pijssl.com/p/current-issue.html| title=Praxis International Journal of Social Science and Literature | accessdate=2020-03-21 | publisher=Pijssl.com|date=2021-07-21|language=english|author=Ashish SIngh}}</ref>

Academic papers in PDF can be uploaded directly to the SSRN site by authors and may then be available for downloading.<ref>https://support.ssrn.com/knowledgebase.php?article=67</ref> As of 2019, download by users is generally subject to registration or completion of a [[ReCAPTCHA]] challenge and therefore SSRN is not considered by some to be a suitable [[open access]] location,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://support.unpaywall.org/support/solutions/articles/44002140100-what-counts-as-an-open-access-location- |title=What counts as an Open Access location?|author=Richard Orr |date=2020-12-31 |publisher=[[Unpaywall]]}}</ref> unlike [[open archive]]s like most [[institutional repository|institutional repositories]].

Publishers and institutions can upload papers and charge a fee for readers to download them.<ref name="About_SSRN">{{cite web |url=http://www.ssrn.com/update/general/mjensen.html |title=About SSRN |first=Michael C. |last=Jensen |author-link=Michael C. Jensen |date=2 February 2012 |publisher=Social Science Research Network |access-date=30 December 2013}}</ref>

On SSRN, authors and papers are ranked by their number of downloads, which has become an informal indicator of popularity on prepress and [[Open access (publishing)|open access]] sites.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Black|first1=Bernard S.|last2=Caron|first2=Paul|title=Ranking Law Schools: Using SSRN to Measure Scholarly Performance |ssrn=784764|id=U of Texas law, Law and Econ Research Paper No. 52; U of Cincinnati Public Law Research Paper No. 05-14|journal=Indiana Law Journal|issue=Symposium on The Next Generation of Law School Rankings|volume=81|year=2006}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Academic databases and search engines]]
* [[ArXiv]]
* [[List of academic preprint repositories]]
* [[Research Papers in Economics]]
* [[SocArXiv]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Wikidata property|P3747|P893}}
* {{Official website|https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/}}

{{Reed Elsevier}}

[[Category:Eprint archives]]
[[Category:Open-access archives]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 1994]]
[[Category:Social sciences literature]]
[[Category:Elsevier]]

Social Science Research Network - Revision history

Richardpruen: 1 revision imported

112.133.217.145 at 12:45, 21 July 2021