Translations:ENDS Respiratory System/8/en
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- The statistical associations between e-cigarette use and respiratory disease are driven by e-cigarette users who are also current or former smokers of combustible tobacco.
- A striking feature of the data is that almost all e-cigarette users were either current or former smokers of combustible tobacco.
- Among respondents who had never smoked combustible tobacco, we find no evidence that current or former e-cigarette use is associated with respiratory disease.