ENDS Toxicity / Carcinogenic: Difference between revisions
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*[https://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/file/3563/download PDF Version] | *[https://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/file/3563/download PDF Version] | ||
*Citation: Royal College of Physicians. Nicotine without smoke: Tobacco harm reduction. London: RCP, 2016. | *Citation: Royal College of Physicians. Nicotine without smoke: Tobacco harm reduction. London: RCP, 2016. | ||
===2016 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0273230016302938?via%3Dihub A randomised, parallel group study to evaluate the safety profile of an electronic vapour (vapor) product over 12 weeks]=== <!--T:37--> | ===2016 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0273230016302938?via%3Dihub A randomised, parallel group study to evaluate the safety profile of an electronic vapour (vapor) product over 12 weeks]=== <!--T:37--> | ||
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*[https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.10.003 PDF Version] | *[https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.10.003 PDF Version] | ||
*Citation: Ana S. Cravo, Jim Bush, Girish Sharma, Rebecca Savioz, Claire Martin, Simon Craige, Tanvir Walele, A randomised, parallel group study to evaluate the safety profile of an electronic vapour product over 12 weeks, Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, Volume 81, Supplement 1, 2016, Pages S1-S14, ISSN 0273-2300, doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.10.003. | *Citation: Ana S. Cravo, Jim Bush, Girish Sharma, Rebecca Savioz, Claire Martin, Simon Craige, Tanvir Walele, A randomised, parallel group study to evaluate the safety profile of an electronic vapour product over 12 weeks, Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, Volume 81, Supplement 1, 2016, Pages S1-S14, ISSN 0273-2300, doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.10.003. | ||
===2016 [https://academic.oup.com/ntr/article-abstract/19/2/160/2631650?redirectedFrom=fulltext Exposure to Nicotine and Selected Toxicants in Cigarette Smokers Who Switched to Electronic Cigarettes: A Longitudinal Within-Subjects Observational Study]=== <!--T:39--> | ===2016 [https://academic.oup.com/ntr/article-abstract/19/2/160/2631650?redirectedFrom=fulltext Exposure to Nicotine and Selected Toxicants in Cigarette Smokers Who Switched to Electronic Cigarettes: A Longitudinal Within-Subjects Observational Study]=== <!--T:39--> | ||
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*Smokers using [[Special:MyLanguage/Abbreviations|EC]]s over 4 weeks maintained cotinine levels and experienced significant reductions in carbon monoxide, [[Special:MyLanguage/Abbreviations|NNAL]], and two out of eight measured [[Special:MyLanguage/Abbreviations|VOC]] metabolites. Those who switched exclusively to ECs for at least half of the study period significantly reduced two additional VOCs. | *Smokers using [[Special:MyLanguage/Abbreviations|EC]]s over 4 weeks maintained cotinine levels and experienced significant reductions in carbon monoxide, [[Special:MyLanguage/Abbreviations|NNAL]], and two out of eight measured [[Special:MyLanguage/Abbreviations|VOC]] metabolites. Those who switched exclusively to ECs for at least half of the study period significantly reduced two additional VOCs. | ||
*[https://sci-hub.se/10.1093/ntr/ntw333 PDF Version] | *[https://sci-hub.se/10.1093/ntr/ntw333 PDF Version] | ||
*Citation: Pulvers, K., Emami, A. S., Nollen, N. L., Romero, D. R., Strong, D. R., Benowitz, N. L., & Ahluwalia, J. S. (2016). Tobacco Consumption and Toxicant Exposure of Cigarette Smokers Using Electronic Cigarettes. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, ntw333. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntw333 | *Citation: Pulvers, K., Emami, A. S., Nollen, N. L., Romero, D. R., Strong, D. R., Benowitz, N. L., & Ahluwalia, J. S. (2016). Tobacco Consumption and Toxicant Exposure of Cigarette Smokers Using Electronic Cigarettes. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, ntw333. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntw333 | ||
===2016 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4940751/ Reductions in biomarkers of exposure, impacts on smoking urge and assessment of product use and tolerability in adult smokers following partial or complete substitution of cigarettes with electronic cigarettes]=== | ===2016 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4940751/ Reductions in biomarkers of exposure, impacts on smoking urge and assessment of product use and tolerability in adult smokers following partial or complete substitution of cigarettes with electronic cigarettes]=== | ||
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*[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4940751/pdf/12889_2016_Article_3236.pdf PDF Version] | *[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4940751/pdf/12889_2016_Article_3236.pdf PDF Version] | ||
*Citation: D'Ruiz CD, Graff DW, Robinson E. Reductions in biomarkers of exposure, impacts on smoking urge and assessment of product use and tolerability in adult smokers following partial or complete substitution of cigarettes with electronic cigarettes. BMC Public Health. 2016 Jul 11;16:543. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-3236-1. PMID: 27401980; PMCID: PMC4940751. | *Citation: D'Ruiz CD, Graff DW, Robinson E. Reductions in biomarkers of exposure, impacts on smoking urge and assessment of product use and tolerability in adult smokers following partial or complete substitution of cigarettes with electronic cigarettes. BMC Public Health. 2016 Jul 11;16:543. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-3236-1. PMID: 27401980; PMCID: PMC4940751. | ||
===2016 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1383571816301711?via%3Dihub The mutagenic assessment of an electronic-cigarette and reference cigarette smoke using the Ames assay in strains TA98 and TA100]=== <!--T:45--> | ===2016 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1383571816301711?via%3Dihub The mutagenic assessment of an electronic-cigarette and reference cigarette smoke using the Ames assay in strains TA98 and TA100]=== <!--T:45--> | ||
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*Under the conditions tested, Vype ePen e-cigarette aerosol was significantly less cytotoxic than reference 3R4F cigarette smoke. | *Under the conditions tested, Vype ePen e-cigarette aerosol was significantly less cytotoxic than reference 3R4F cigarette smoke. | ||
*[https://sci-hub.se/10.1080/15376516.2016.1217112 PDF Version] | *[https://sci-hub.se/10.1080/15376516.2016.1217112 PDF Version] | ||
*Citation: Azzopardi, D., Patel, K., Jaunky, T., Santopietro, S., Camacho, O. M., McAughey, J., & Gaça, M. (2016). Electronic cigarette aerosol induces significantly less cytotoxicity than tobacco smoke. Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 26(6), 477–491. doi:10.1080/15376516.2016.1217112 | *Citation: Azzopardi, D., Patel, K., Jaunky, T., Santopietro, S., Camacho, O. M., McAughey, J., & Gaça, M. (2016). Electronic cigarette aerosol induces significantly less cytotoxicity than tobacco smoke. Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 26(6), 477–491. doi:10.1080/15376516.2016.1217112 | ||
===2015 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0887233315001228?via%3Dihub Development of an in vitro cytotoxicity model for aerosol exposure using 3D reconstructed human airway tissue; application for assessment of e-cigarette aerosol]=== <!--T:49--> | ===2015 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0887233315001228?via%3Dihub Development of an in vitro cytotoxicity model for aerosol exposure using 3D reconstructed human airway tissue; application for assessment of e-cigarette aerosol]=== <!--T:49--> | ||
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*Mainstream cigarette smoke HPHCs (∼3000 μg/puff) were 1500 times higher than e-cigarette HPHCs. | |||
*No significant contribution of tested HPHC classes was found for the e-cigarettes. | *No significant contribution of tested HPHC classes was found for the e-cigarettes. | ||
*[https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.10.010 PDF Version] | *[https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.10.010 PDF Version] | ||
*Citation: Tayyarah, R., & Long, G. A. (2014). Comparison of select analytes in aerosol from e-cigarettes with smoke from conventional cigarettes and with ambient air. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 70(3), 704–710. doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.10.010 | *Citation: Tayyarah, R., & Long, G. A. (2014). Comparison of select analytes in aerosol from e-cigarettes with smoke from conventional cigarettes and with ambient air. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 70(3), 704–710. doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.10.010 | ||
===2014 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4110871/ Safety evaluation and risk assessment of electronic cigarettes as tobacco cigarette substitutes: a systematic review]=== <!--T:53--> | ===2014 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4110871/ Safety evaluation and risk assessment of electronic cigarettes as tobacco cigarette substitutes: a systematic review]=== <!--T:53--> | ||
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*[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4110871/pdf/10.1177_2042098614524430.pdf PDF Version] | *[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4110871/pdf/10.1177_2042098614524430.pdf PDF Version] | ||
*Citation: Farsalinos KE, Polosa R. Safety evaluation and risk assessment of electronic cigarettes as tobacco cigarette substitutes: a systematic review. Ther Adv Drug Saf. 2014 Apr;5(2):67-86. doi: 10.1177/2042098614524430. PMID: 25083263; PMCID: PMC4110871. | *Citation: Farsalinos KE, Polosa R. Safety evaluation and risk assessment of electronic cigarettes as tobacco cigarette substitutes: a systematic review. Ther Adv Drug Saf. 2014 Apr;5(2):67-86. doi: 10.1177/2042098614524430. PMID: 25083263; PMCID: PMC4110871. | ||
===2014 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4154473/ Levels of selected carcinogens and toxicants in vapor from electronic cigarettes]=== <!--T:55--> | ===2014 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4154473/ Levels of selected carcinogens and toxicants in vapor from electronic cigarettes]=== <!--T:55--> | ||
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*This study indicates that EC vapor is significantly less cytotoxic compared to tobacco CS. | *This study indicates that EC vapor is significantly less cytotoxic compared to tobacco CS. | ||
*[https://sci-hub.se/10.3109/08958378.2013.793439 PDF Version] | *[https://sci-hub.se/10.3109/08958378.2013.793439 PDF Version] | ||
*Citation: Romagna, G., Allifranchini, E., Bocchietto, E., Todeschi, S., Esposito, M., & Farsalinos, K. E. (2013). Cytotoxicity evaluation of electronic cigarette vapor extract on cultured mammalian fibroblasts (ClearStream-LIFE): comparison with tobacco cigarette smoke extract. Inhalation Toxicology, 25(6), 354–361. doi:10.3109/08958378.2013.793439 | *Citation: Romagna, G., Allifranchini, E., Bocchietto, E., Todeschi, S., Esposito, M., & Farsalinos, K. E. (2013). Cytotoxicity evaluation of electronic cigarette vapor extract on cultured mammalian fibroblasts (ClearStream-LIFE): comparison with tobacco cigarette smoke extract. Inhalation Toxicology, 25(6), 354–361. doi:10.3109/08958378.2013.793439 | ||
=ENDS (without comparison to other products)= <!--T:61--> | =ENDS (without comparison to other products)= <!--T:61--> |