Myth: Vaping causes Popcorn Lung: Difference between revisions

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Bronchiolitis obliterans is a rare lung condition that affects the small airways, blocking air movement by causing constriction and scarring.

Most patients with Bronchiolitis obliterans are treated with medications and therapy by a [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441865/ multidisciplinary team]. Those patients will experience a poor quality of life, and the majority of them will die prematurely from respiratory failure.

Most patients with Bronchiolitis obliterans are treated with medications and therapy by a [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441865/ multidisciplinary team.]Those patients will experience a poor quality of life, and the majority of them will die prematurely from respiratory failure.

=What causes Popcorn Lung / Bronchiolitis Obliterans?=

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Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome afflicts about 50% of [https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/full/10.1164/rccm.200201-003PP lung transplant patients] within [https://www.jhltonline.org/article/S1053-2498(16)30300-X/fulltext five years] and 2% - 6% of [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1083879109005199 hematopoietic stem cell] transplantation patients. Some patients with autoimmune diseases are prone to it, too.

Bronchiolitis obliterans can occur after chemical agent exposure, which has been an occupational hazard in agriculture and manufacturing. It has affected workers who make [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa020300 microwave popcorn], [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4715657/ coffee], flavorings, etc. It has been found in employees of [https://haz-map.com/Diseases/551 textile] and other industries. Veterans exposed to gasses and [https://www.woodslawyers.com/constrictive-bronchiolitis-va-disability-rating/ burn pits], along with people [https://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/wtc/downloads/pdf/studies/medgroup-report-joem.pdf exposed] to the dust and fumes from the [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajim.20196 collapse] of the World Trade Center, have also experienced bronchiolitis obliterans. Some viral infections can cause bronchiolitis obliterans.

Bronchiolitis obliterans can occur after chemical agent exposure, which has been an occupational hazard in agriculture and manufacturing. It has affected workers who make [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa020300 microwave popcorn,][https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4715657/ coffee,]flavorings, etc. It has been found in employees of [https://haz-map.com/Diseases/551 textile] and other industries. Veterans exposed to gasses and [https://www.woodslawyers.com/constrictive-bronchiolitis-va-disability-rating/ burn pits,]along with people [https://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/wtc/downloads/pdf/studies/medgroup-report-joem.pdf exposed] to the dust and fumes from the [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajim.20196 collapse] of the World Trade Center, have also experienced bronchiolitis obliterans. Some viral infections can cause bronchiolitis obliterans.

=If it has a scientific name, why is it called Popcorn Lung?=

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Diacetyl is the [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/flavorings/default.html chemical] that gave the microwave popcorn its buttery flavor.

=How is bronchiolitis obliterans (Popcorn Lung) diagnosed?=

"If you have some of the symptoms of bronchiolitis obliterans, your doctor might recommend a computerized tomography (CT) scan of your chest. Several X-rays are taken from different angles and are put together to make a more complete picture. They'll probably also want to test how well your lungs are working.

A chest X-ray might tell your doctor if your lungs are holding in too much air, but '''the best way to confirm you have bronchiolitis obliterans is to have a biopsy.''' This is most often done with surgery." [https://www.webmd.com/lung/popcorn-lung (Source WebMD)] (Emphasis added)

=Is Popcorn Lung the same thing as EVALI?=

The two diseases are often conflated but are not the same.

While a variety of things can cause bronchiolitis obliterans (Popcorn Lung), it has been determined that E-cigarette, or Vaping, product use-Associated Lung Injury (EVALI) can be attributed to the addition of [https://www.leafly.com/news/health/vape-pen-lung-disease-vitamin-e-oil-explained Vitamin E] to make unregulated vape cartridges containing tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) from marijuana look thick and of higher quality. The additive was used for a brief period of time in 2019-2020. These [https://www.leafly.com/news/health/some-vape-cart-additive-makers-pull-products-others-go-dark thickeners] were pulled from the market by their manufacturers as news of the EVALI outbreak spread.

While a variety of things can cause bronchiolitis obliterans (Popcorn Lung), it has been determined that E-cigarette, or Vaping, product use-Associated Lung Injury (EVALI) can be attributed to the addition of [https://www.leafly.com/news/health/vape-pen-lung-disease-vitamin-e-oil-explained Vitamin E]to make unregulated vape cartridges containing tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) from marijuana look thick and of higher quality. The additive was used for a brief period of time in 2019-2020. These [https://www.leafly.com/news/health/some-vape-cart-additive-makers-pull-products-others-go-dark thickeners] were pulled from the market by their manufacturers as news of the EVALI outbreak spread.

Nicotine [https://www.qeios.com/read/ZGVHM7.3 vapor] products did not cause EVALI. Leading experts [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1o0mlqZaMMUeD7Eapc1H0CdSsTz4HsuxE/view requested] the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) change the name of EVALI to help consumers better understand the difference between vaping THC and nicotine. The CDC declined to make that change.

=Why are some experts claiming vaping causes Popcorn Lung?=

In 2015 the paper "[https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/10.1289/ehp.1510185 Flavoring Chemicals in E-Cigarettes: Diacetyl, 2,3-Pentanedione, and Acetoin in a Sample of 51 Products, Including Fruit-, Candy-, and Cocktail-Flavored E-Cigarettes]" was published. The authors found Diacetyl in some of the e-liquids they tested. They concluded, "Our findings confirm the presence of diacetyl and other flavoring chemicals in flavored e-cigarettes. Because of the associations between diacetyl and bronchiolitis obliterans and other severe respiratory diseases among workers inhaling heated vapors containing diacetyl, urgent action is recommended to further evaluate the extent of this new exposure to diacetyl and related flavoring compounds in e-cigarettes." (The vapors that workers inhaled were not vapor from an e-cigarette.) [https://twitter.com/j_g_allen/status/1751230489615126963 Twitter thread about study]

In 2015 the paper "[https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/10.1289/ehp.1510185 Flavoring Chemicals in E-Cigarettes: Diacetyl, 2,3-Pentanedione, and Acetoin in a Sample of 51 Products, Including Fruit-, Candy-, and Cocktail-Flavored E-Cigarettes"]was published. The authors found Diacetyl in some of the e-liquids they tested. They concluded, "Our findings confirm the presence of diacetyl and other flavoring chemicals in flavored e-cigarettes. Because of the associations between diacetyl and bronchiolitis obliterans and other severe respiratory diseases among workers inhaling heated vapors containing diacetyl, urgent action is recommended to further evaluate the extent of this new exposure to diacetyl and related flavoring compounds in e-cigarettes." (The vapors that workers inhaled were not vapor from an e-cigarette.) [https://twitter.com/j_g_allen/status/1751230489615126963 Twitter thread about study.]

Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health issued a press release about the study, "[https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/e-cigarette-flavoring-chemicals-linked-to-respiratory-disease/ Chemicals linked with severe respiratory disease found in common e-cigarette flavors]" (Link saved on [https://web.archive.org/web/20151212202826/https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/e-cigarette-flavoring-chemicals-linked-to-respiratory-disease/ Wayback Machine]). While the safety of e-cigarettes does need to be monitored, the study and the press release did not compare the levels of the chemicals found to what is inhaled from smoking a combustible cigarette. Neither the paper nor the press release said people will get Popcorn Lung from vaping. They just raised concern about the possibility.

Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health issued a press release about the study, "[https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/e-cigarette-flavoring-chemicals-linked-to-respiratory-disease/ Chemicals linked with severe respiratory disease found in common e-cigarette flavors"](Link saved on [https://web.archive.org/web/20151212202826/https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/e-cigarette-flavoring-chemicals-linked-to-respiratory-disease/ Wayback Machine.)]While the safety of e-cigarettes does need to be monitored, the study and the press release did not compare the levels of the chemicals found to what is inhaled from smoking a combustible cigarette. Neither the paper nor the press release said people will get Popcorn Lung from vaping. They just raised concern about the possibility.

While Dr. Farsalinos is strongly opposed to the use of Diacetyl in e-liquids, he is [http://www.ecigarette-research.org/research/index.php/whats-new/whatsnew-2015/236-da2 concerned] about the study because "the article is creating false impressions and exaggerates the potential risk from diacetyl and acetyl propionyl exposure through e-cigarettes. They failed to mention that these chemicals are present in tobacco cigarette smoke and violated a classical toxicological principle that the amount determines the toxicity and the risk."

While Dr. Farsalinos is strongly opposed to the use of Diacetyl in e-liquids, he is [http://www.ecigarette-research.org/research/index.php/whats-new/whatsnew-2015/236-da2 concerned]about the study because "the article is creating false impressions and exaggerates the potential risk from diacetyl and acetyl propionyl exposure through e-cigarettes. They failed to mention that these chemicals are present in tobacco cigarette smoke and violated a classical toxicological principle that the amount determines the toxicity and the risk."

Dr. Brad Rodu has concerns about the methods used in this study and said in his [https://rodutobaccotruth.blogspot.com/2015/12/is-harvard-e-cigarette-buttery-flavor.html blog], "As I advised previously, vapers should only use liquids that are certified to be free of buttery flavors that are suspected respiratory toxicants. However, laboratory investigations of e-cigarettes should use validated methods to assure credibility. The results of the Harvard Buttery Flavor Study do not meet this standard."

Dr. Brad Rodu has concerns about the methods used in this study and said in his [https://rodutobaccotruth.blogspot.com/2015/12/is-harvard-e-cigarette-buttery-flavor.html blog,]"As I advised previously, vapers should only use liquids that are certified to be free of buttery flavors that are suspected respiratory toxicants. However, laboratory investigations of e-cigarettes should use validated methods to assure credibility. The results of the Harvard Buttery Flavor Study do not meet this standard."

Science writer Carrie Arnold [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4892907/ commented] on this study and said, "This study did not assess levels of diacetyl, 2,3-pentanedione, and acetoin in actual users, much less health effects. So it’s premature to assume that exposure to these chemicals via e-cigarettes causes health problems."

Science writer Carrie Arnold [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4892907/ commented]on this study and said, "This study did not assess levels of diacetyl, 2,3-pentanedione, and acetoin in actual users, much less health effects. So it’s premature to assume that exposure to these chemicals via e-cigarettes causes health problems."

The study and [https://www.vox.com/2015/12/9/9880926/e-cigarettes-popcorn-lung-harms alarm] over the [https://time.com/4139335/e-cigarettes-chemicals-diacetyl/ potential] danger of vaping made [https://tobaccoanalysis.blogspot.com/2015/12/new-study-finds-that-average-diacetyl.html headlines] across the US and [https://healingoracle.ch/2017/04/03/confirmed-e-cigarettes-cause-a-horrible-incurable-disease-called-popcorn-lung-worse-than-lung-cancer/ globally]. Most of the articles failed to mention there are [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4892705/ more] of these chemicals in [https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/53/2/1801151 combustible cigarettes], and there are no [https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/684963/Evidence_review_of_e-cigarettes_and_heated_tobacco_products_2018.pdf documented] cases of Popcorn Lung being caused by [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4892932/ smoking] or [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5693960/ vaping].

The study and [https://www.vox.com/2015/12/9/9880926/e-cigarettes-popcorn-lung-harms alarm]over the [https://time.com/4139335/e-cigarettes-chemicals-diacetyl/ potential]danger of vaping made [https://tobaccoanalysis.blogspot.com/2015/12/new-study-finds-that-average-diacetyl.html headlines]across the US and [https://healingoracle.ch/2017/04/03/confirmed-e-cigarettes-cause-a-horrible-incurable-disease-called-popcorn-lung-worse-than-lung-cancer/ globally.]Most of the articles failed to mention there are [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4892705/ more]of these chemicals in [https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/53/2/1801151 combustible cigarettes,]and there are no [https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/684963/Evidence_review_of_e-cigarettes_and_heated_tobacco_products_2018.pdf documented]cases of Popcorn Lung being caused by [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4892932/ smoking]or [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5693960/ vaping].

A chemical of concern that might pose potential harm swiftly morphed into known harm, and word began to [https://us.blastingnews.com/opinion/2015/12/new-e-cig-study-reveals-crisis-in-journalism-00691827.html spread] that vaping causes Popcorn Lung, even though there were no documented cases of it actually occurring. A 2015 report published in the [https://www.jsonline.com/story/archives/2019/09/18/diacetyl-popcorn-lung-chemical-e-cigarettes-coffee-roasting-plants/2078765002/ Milwaukee Journal Sentinal] gave a historical run-down of cases of Popcorn Lung in the food industry and questioned why Diacetyl was allowed in e-cigarettes.

A chemical of concern that might pose potential harm swiftly morphed into known harm, and word began to [https://us.blastingnews.com/opinion/2015/12/new-e-cig-study-reveals-crisis-in-journalism-00691827.html spread]that vaping causes Popcorn Lung, even though there were no documented cases of it actually occurring. A 2015 report published in the [https://www.jsonline.com/story/archives/2019/09/18/diacetyl-popcorn-lung-chemical-e-cigarettes-coffee-roasting-plants/2078765002/ Milwaukee Journal Sentinal]gave a historical run-down of cases of Popcorn Lung in the food industry and questioned why Diacetyl was allowed in e-cigarettes.

The American Lung Association added [https://web.archive.org/web/20160709232304/http://www.lung.org/about-us/blog/2016/07/popcorn-lung-risk-ecigs.html information] about Popcorn Lung and vaping on their website in 2016.

The American Lung Association added [https://web.archive.org/web/20160709232304/http://www.lung.org/about-us/blog/2016/07/popcorn-lung-risk-ecigs.html information]about Popcorn Lung and vaping on their website in 2016, leading the public to believe that vaping causes Popcorn lung when there have been no biopsy confirmed cases that can be confirmed to be caused by vaping.

In 2018, [https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/05/14/the-promise-of-vaping-and-the-rise-of-juul Jonathan Winickoff], the former chair of the American Academy of Pediatrics Tobacco Consortium, a pediatrician at Massachusetts General Hospital and a professor at Harvard Medical School, said that he "believes that the vape industry is co-opting the national wellness trend—when, in fact, vaping can cause something called bronchiolitis obliterans, or popcorn lung."

In 2018, [https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/05/14/the-promise-of-vaping-and-the-rise-of-juul Jonathan Winickoff,]the former chair of the American Academy of Pediatrics Tobacco Consortium, a pediatrician at Massachusetts General Hospital and a professor at Harvard Medical School, said that he "believes that the vape industry is co-opting the national wellness trend—when, in fact, vaping can cause something called bronchiolitis obliterans, or popcorn lung."

Schools, in an [https://www.theedadvocate.org/teaching-students-about-popcorn-lungs-disease/ attempt] to keep teens safe and discourage them from experimenting with vaping began telling [https://web.archive.org/web/20200806010833/https://www.minnetonkabreezes.com/sports/2019/12/20/popcorn-lung/ students] they could get Popcorn Lung from vaping.

Schools, in an [https://www.theedadvocate.org/teaching-students-about-popcorn-lungs-disease/ attempt]to keep teens safe and discourage them from experimenting with vaping began telling [https://web.archive.org/web/20200806010833/https://www.minnetonkabreezes.com/sports/2019/12/20/popcorn-lung/ students]they could get Popcorn Lung from vaping.

Misperceptions about the risk of getting Popcorn Lung from vaping can lead some people who smoke to [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0376871623000443 avoid] trying this safer alternative to help them quit smoking. A point that was made by Jennifer Pierce, Anders Abelmann, and Brent Finley in their [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4892932/ commentary] about the 2015 flavoring study.

Misperceptions about the risk of getting Popcorn Lung from vaping can lead some people who smoke to [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0376871623000443 avoid]trying this safer alternative to help them quit smoking. A point that was made by Jennifer Pierce, Anders Abelmann, and Brent Finley in their [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4892932/ commentary]about the 2015 flavoring study.

=What actions were taken to protect consumers after the study was released?=

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=Who has corrected or deleted their incorrect information on Popcorn Lung?=

'''2015'''

*October 20, 2015 - American College of Chest Physicians - [https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/897313 Case report finds acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis in patient using e-cigarettes]

**"[CORRECTION] An October 19, 2015 version of this press release stated in error a diagnosis of bronchiolitis obliterans. Researchers reported a diagnosis of inhalational injury, suspected acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis, related to e-cigarette use."

**See Also: 2015: [http://www.ecigarette-research.org/research/index.php/whats-new/whatsnew-2015/234-bo Medical journal MISPRESENTS a case of hypersensitivity pneumonitis as popcorn lung disease caused by e-cigarette]

'''2023'''

*In December 2023, Harvard Health tweeted about Popcorn Lung. After a Community Note was post to it, Harvard [https://twitter.com/GregTHR/status/1739802372983972248 deleted] the tweet.

[[File:Harvard Health Tweet.png|center]]

'''2024'''

*Sometime between December 7 and 18, 2024, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - Removed this Press Release from their website: Chemicals linked with severe respiratory disease found in common e-cigarette flavors. (Link saved on [https://web.archive.org/web/20151212202826/https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/e-cigarette-flavoring-chemicals-linked-to-respiratory-disease/ Wayback Machine.])

'''2025'''

*In April 2025, Raidió Teilifís Éireann, Ireland's National Public Service Media, Tweeted (see screenshot) about popcorn lung and put the information on their [https://www.rte.ie/brainstorm/2025/0430/1510257-popcorn-lung-vaping-explained/ website]. On May 2, 2025, they deleted the tweet and removed the website page after receiving three community notes. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20250501085241/https://www.rte.ie/brainstorm/2025/0430/1510257-popcorn-lung-vaping-explained/ see archived link to website page])

[[File:RTE Popcorn Lung.png|center]]

*In May 2025, the Irish Thoracic Society deleted their tweet alluding to a connection between popcorn lung and vaping. (Deleted before a screenshot was captured.)

=Who's information can lead people to believe that vaping causes Popcorn Lung?=

Some of these websites don't specifically say that people who vape get Popcorn Lung. They mention diacetyl is in e-cigarettes and that diacetyl can cause popcorn lung. Their failure lies in neglecting to point out that popcorn lung is rare, there is more diacetyl in combustible cigarettes than vapor products, and there are no [https://tobaccoanalysis.blogspot.com/2018/05/e-cigarette-opponents-still-making-up.html documented] cases of popcorn lung that can be directly attributed to smoking or vaping that has been medically verified.

===Cites Harvard researcher's study or press release as source===

*Dec 8, 2015 - Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - Press Release - ~~[https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/e-cigarette-flavoring-chemicals-linked-to-respiratory-disease/~~ Chemicals linked with severe respiratory disease found in common e-cigarette flavors] (Link saved on [https://web.archive.org/web/20151212202826/https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/e-cigarette-flavoring-chemicals-linked-to-respiratory-disease/ Wayback Machine])

*Dec 8, 2015 - Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - Press Release - "Chemicals linked with severe respiratory disease found in common e-cigarette flavors." (Link saved on [https://web.archive.org/web/20151212202826/https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/e-cigarette-flavoring-chemicals-linked-to-respiratory-disease/ Wayback Machine])

*Dec 8, 2015 - Time - [https://time.com/4139335/e-cigarettes-chemicals-diacetyl/ The Butter Flavor Chemical Used in Microwave Popcorn Is Also in E-Cigs]

*Dec 8, 2015 - The Verge - [https://www.theverge.com/2015/12/8/9873458/e-cigarette-vape-lung-disease-diacetyl-cupcake-cotton-candy Some e-cigarette flavors contain chemical linked to 'popcorn lung' disease]

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*2019 - [https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/356561555100066200/pdf/E-Cigarettes-Use-and-Taxation.pdf World Bank Group Global Tobacco Control Program]

*Nov 15, 2019 - Hawaii Public Health Institute - [https://www.hiphi.org/what-is-popcorn-lung-and-can-you-get-it-from-vaping/ What Is Popcorn Lung, and Can You Get It from Vaping?]

*November 7, 2022 - Charlie Health - [https://www.charliehealth.com/research/vaping-teen-health-what-you-need-to-know Vaping & Teen Health: What You Need to Know]

*Dec 21, 2023 - Harvard Health Publishing - Popcorn lung: What is it, and who is at risk? (which was changed - more [https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/popcorn-lung-what-is-it-and-who-is-at-risk misleading]!) [https://web.archive.org/web/20240116112026/https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/popcorn-lung-what-is-it-and-who-is-at-risk Jan 2, 2024] - See old version [https://web.archive.org/web/20231228054251/https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/popcorn-lung-what-is-it-and-who-is-at-risk Dec 21, 2023])

*Jan 23, 2024 - Recovered - [https://recovered.org/blog/the-risks-of-vaping The Risks of Vaping]

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*PATHS Program - [https://pathsprogram.com/blog/2024/3/19/the-dangers-of-vaping The Dangers of Vaping] - March 19, 2024

*PharmEasy - [https://web.archive.org/web/20230703192358/https://pharmeasy.in/blog/does-vaping-cause-cancer-exploring-the-health-implications/ Does Vaping Cause Cancer? Exploring The Health Implications] - Feb 14, 2024

*The Conversation - [https://theconversation.com/popcorn-lung-how-vaping-can-scar-your-lungs-for-life-254414 Popcorn lung: how vaping can scar your lungs for life] - April 25, 2025

*University of Northern Colorado - [https://www.unco.edu/student-health-center/health-topics/vaping.aspx Vaping and E-Cigarettes] - Jun 11, 2022

*University of North Texas - [https://www.unthsc.edu/school-of-public-health/vaping-advice-for-parents/ Vaping advice for parents] - Sep 19, 2019

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*American Cancer Society - [https://www.cancer.org/cancer/risk-prevention/tobacco/e-cigarettes-vaping.html E-cigarettes and Vaping] - Last Revised: November 19, 2024

*American Heart Association – Eastern States, This article was provided by Bayhealth - [https://easternstates.heart.org/2024/02/21/the-dangers-of-vaping/ The Dangers of Vaping] - February 21, 2024

*Apollo Hospitals - [https://x.com/HospitalsApollo/status/1913226138991710502 Did you know vaping and e-cigarettes can lead to a condition called Popcorn Lung?]- Apr 18,2025

*Beaufort Memorial Hospital - [https://www.bmhsc.org/blog/can-vaping-cause-lung-cancer-what-we-know-so-far Can Vaping Cause Lung Cancer? What We Know So Far] - November 14, 2024

*Business Universe - [https://www.businessuniverse.in/the-mystery-of-popcorn-lung-signs-symptoms-and-the-vaping-connection The Mystery of Popcorn Lung: Signs, Symptoms, and the Vaping Connection] - [https://www.businessuniverse.in/health Feb 20, 2024] (points out potential, does not say it causes it)

*CDC - [https://web.archive.org/web/20170420150557/https://e-cigarettes.surgeongeneral.gov/documents/SGR_E-Cig_Health_Care_Provider_Card_508.pdf Health Care Professionals: Educate Your Young Patients About the Risks of E-cigarettes] -Apr 20, 2017 (Date is the earliest date on WayBack Machine)

*Cinncinati Enquirer - [https://www.cincinnati.com/story/opinion/editorials/2024/01/31/ban-flavored-tobacco-end-vape-crisis-cincinnati/72152616007/ Cincinnati must pick up the pace on banning flavored tobacco] - Jan 31, 2024

*Cleveland Clinic - [https://web.archive.org/web/20220807182718/https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22590-popcorn-lung-bronchiolitis-obliterans Popcorn Lung (Bronchiolitis Obliterans)] - Apr 7, 2022 (Date is the earliest date on WayBack Machine) (Misleading information about vaping is still on their website [https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22590-popcorn-lung-bronchiolitis-obliterans Oct 7, 2024].) Popcorn Lung is also mentioned on their [https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/21162-vaping Vaping (E-Cigarettes)] page.

*Cleveland Clinic - [https://web.archive.org/web/20220807182718/https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22590-popcorn-lung-bronchiolitis-obliterans Popcorn Lung (Bronchiolitis Obliterans)] - Apr 7, 2022 (Date is the earliest date on WayBack Machine) (Misleading information about vaping is still on their website [https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22590-popcorn-lung-bronchiolitis-obliterans Oct 7, 2024]). Popcorn Lung is also mentioned on their [https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/21162-vaping Vaping (E-Cigarettes)] page.

*Covenant Health - [https://www.covenanthealth.com/blog/effects-of-vaping-on-teens/ The Effects of Vaping on Teens and Young Adults]

*Daily Mail - [https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-13057345/vaping-dangerous-cigarettes-report-dangers-lung-disease.html How dangerous IS vaping compared with smoking? New review analyzes the dangers of both.... and finds former is linked to EIGHT lung diseases] - Feb 8, 2024

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*Dr Zac Turner, medical practitioner specialising in preventative health and wellness - [https://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/health/health-problems/popcorn-lung-doctor-reveals-shock-truth-about-vaping/news-story/636eceb0f1808de9ca034b38bc417c62 ‘Popcorn lung’: Doctor reveals shock truth about vaping] - Aug 25, 2024

*Essentia Health - [https://www.essentiahealth.org/about/essentia-health-newsroom/cancer-can-vaping-cause-lung-cancer-or-other-diseases Can Vaping Cause Lung Cancer or Other Diseases?] - October 28, 2024

*Grand Forks, ND, Department of Public Health - [https://x.com/GFPublicHealth/status/1901345281347821853 Do you know about vaping and popcorn lung?] - Mar 16, 2025

*Houston Methodist - [https://www.houstonmethodist.org/blog/articles/2024/dec/does-vaping-cause-lung-cancer/ Does Vaping Cause Lung Cancer?] - December 9, 2024

*James A Vito, D.M.D. - [https://www.jamesvito.com/blog/2024/1/23/is-vaping-safe-part-2/ Is Vaping Safe: Part 2] - January 23, 2024

*KYW Newsradio Audio On-Demand - [https://www.audacy.com/podcast/kyw-newsradio-audio-on-demand-12880/episodes/cases-of-popcorn-lung-are-growing-among-young-people-who-vape-37155?_branch_match_id=1015711130154785438&_branch_referrer=H4sIAAAAAAAAA8soKSkottLXT8%2FXSyxNSUyu1EvOz9U3D4wMLwwxqYo Cases of ‘popcorn lung’ are growing among young people who vape] - April 30, 2025

*Manor Dental Health - [https://www.manordentalhull.com/why-vaping-is-just-as-harmful-as-smoking/ Why Vaping is Just as Harmful as Smoking] - September 18, 2024

*Med India - [https://www.medindia.net/news/healthwatch/vapers-beware-exploring-the-threat-of-popcorn-lung-215028-1.htm Vapers Beware: Exploring the Threat of Popcorn Lung] - February 20, 2024

*Montgomery Community Media - [https://www.mymcmedia.org/medical-professional-links-popcorn-lung-disease-to-vaping/ Medical Professional Links ‘Popcorn Lung’ Disease to Vaping] - September 4, 2019

*Metro - [https://metro.co.uk/2025/01/16/dangerous-impact-vaping-can-lungs-22375303/ The dangerous impact vaping can have on your lungs] - Jan 16, 2025

*NMC Health - [https://www.mynmchealth.org/5-things-to-know-about-vaping/ 5 things to know about vaping] - March 11, 2021

*Parkview Health - [https://www.parkview.com/blog/e-cigarettes-know-the-risks E-cigarettes: Know the risks] - Nov 9, 2023 (article mentions "diacetyl, a chemical linked to a serious lung disease).

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*Public Health Delta Menominee - [https://www.instagram.com/ph_deltamenominee/p/DB_ntOMCKTK/ Vaping can cause popcorn lung] - November 5, 2024

*Regional Cancer Care Associates - [https://www.regionalcancercare.org/news/does-vaping-cause-lung-cancer/ Does Vaping Cause Lung Cancer?] - February 21, 2024

*Sacramento County, California - [https://x.com/SacCountyCA/status/1902797294858023000 Vaping can lead to lung disease, “Popcorn Lung,” and even a collapsed lung.] - Mar 20, 2025

*St. Michael’s Elite Hospital - [https://24hrer.com/the-great-american-smokeout-focus-on-vaping/ The Great American Smokeout – Focus on Vaping] - Date Unknown

*Tempe Coalition - [https://www.tempecoalition.org/initiatives/tobacco-cessation/ Addressing the Youth Vaping Crisis] - Date Unknown

*The Citizen - [https://www.citizen.co.za/lifestyle/health/vaping-popcorn-lung-predicament/ Vaping’s popcorn lung predicament] - June 27, 2024

*The Conversation - [https://theconversation.com/vaping-now-more-common-than-smoking-among-young-people-and-the-risks-go-beyond-lung-and-brain-damage-223125 Vaping now more common than smoking among young people – and the risks go beyond lung and brain damage] - April 25, 2024

*The Postline (video) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dmVFr--YHCg&t=36s Popcorn lung disease: What is it, and how does it link to vaping?] - Feb 24, 2024

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=Suggestions to add to this page=

===2025: [https://rodutobaccotruth.blogspot.com/2025/07/follow-up-to-my-expose-on-american-lung.html Follow-Up to My Exposé on the American Lung Association]===

*Follow up to: [https://rodutobaccotruth.blogspot.com/2025/07/wave-goodbye-with-your-wallet-to.html Wave Goodbye With Your Wallet to the American Lung Association]

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 Bronchiolitis obliterans is a rare lung condition that affects the small airways, blocking air movement by causing constriction and scarring.
-Most patients with Bronchiolitis obliterans are treated with medications and therapy by a [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441865/ multidisciplinary team]. Those patients will experience a poor quality of life, and the majority of them will die prematurely from respiratory failure.
+Most patients with Bronchiolitis obliterans are treated with medications and therapy by a [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441865/ multidisciplinary team.]Those patients will experience a poor quality of life, and the majority of them will die prematurely from respiratory failure.
 =What causes Popcorn Lung / Bronchiolitis Obliterans?=
@@ Line 16: / Line 16: @@
 Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome afflicts about 50% of [https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/full/10.1164/rccm.200201-003PP lung transplant patients] within [https://www.jhltonline.org/article/S1053-2498(16)30300-X/fulltext five years] and 2% - 6% of [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1083879109005199 hematopoietic stem cell] transplantation patients. Some patients with autoimmune diseases are prone to it, too.
-Bronchiolitis obliterans can occur after chemical agent exposure, which has been an occupational hazard in agriculture and manufacturing. It has affected workers who make [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa020300 microwave popcorn], [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4715657/ coffee], flavorings, etc. It has been found in employees of [https://haz-map.com/Diseases/551 textile] and other industries. Veterans exposed to gasses and [https://www.woodslawyers.com/constrictive-bronchiolitis-va-disability-rating/ burn pits], along with people [https://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/wtc/downloads/pdf/studies/medgroup-report-joem.pdf exposed] to the dust and fumes from the [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajim.20196 collapse] of the World Trade Center, have also experienced bronchiolitis obliterans. Some viral infections can cause bronchiolitis obliterans.
+Bronchiolitis obliterans can occur after chemical agent exposure, which has been an occupational hazard in agriculture and manufacturing. It has affected workers who make [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa020300 microwave popcorn,][https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4715657/ coffee,]flavorings, etc. It has been found in employees of [https://haz-map.com/Diseases/551 textile] and other industries. Veterans exposed to gasses and [https://www.woodslawyers.com/constrictive-bronchiolitis-va-disability-rating/ burn pits,]along with people [https://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/wtc/downloads/pdf/studies/medgroup-report-joem.pdf exposed] to the dust and fumes from the [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajim.20196 collapse] of the World Trade Center, have also experienced bronchiolitis obliterans. Some viral infections can cause bronchiolitis obliterans.
 =If it has a scientific name, why is it called Popcorn Lung?=
@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
 Diacetyl is the [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/flavorings/default.html chemical] that gave the microwave popcorn its buttery flavor.
+=How is bronchiolitis obliterans (Popcorn Lung) diagnosed?=
+"If you have some of the symptoms of bronchiolitis obliterans, your doctor might recommend a computerized tomography (CT) scan of your chest. Several X-rays are taken from different angles and are put together to make a more complete picture. They'll probably also want to test how well your lungs are working.
+A chest X-ray might tell your doctor if your lungs are holding in too much air, but '''<span style="background:#ffff00">the best way to confirm you have bronchiolitis obliterans is to have a biopsy.</span>''' This is most often done with surgery." [https://www.webmd.com/lung/popcorn-lung (Source WebMD)] (Emphasis added)
 =Is Popcorn Lung the same thing as EVALI?=
 The two diseases are often conflated but are not the same.
-While a variety of things can cause bronchiolitis obliterans (Popcorn Lung), it has been determined that E-cigarette, or Vaping, product use-Associated Lung Injury (EVALI) can be attributed to the addition of [https://www.leafly.com/news/health/vape-pen-lung-disease-vitamin-e-oil-explained Vitamin E] to make unregulated vape cartridges containing tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) from marijuana look thick and of higher quality. The additive was used for a brief period of time in 2019-2020. These [https://www.leafly.com/news/health/some-vape-cart-additive-makers-pull-products-others-go-dark thickeners] were pulled from the market by their manufacturers as news of the EVALI outbreak spread.
+While a variety of things can cause bronchiolitis obliterans (Popcorn Lung), it has been determined that E-cigarette, or Vaping, product use-Associated Lung Injury (EVALI) can be attributed to the addition of [https://www.leafly.com/news/health/vape-pen-lung-disease-vitamin-e-oil-explained Vitamin E]to make unregulated vape cartridges containing tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) from marijuana look thick and of higher quality. The additive was used for a brief period of time in 2019-2020. These [https://www.leafly.com/news/health/some-vape-cart-additive-makers-pull-products-others-go-dark thickeners] were pulled from the market by their manufacturers as news of the EVALI outbreak spread.
 Nicotine [https://www.qeios.com/read/ZGVHM7.3 vapor] products did not cause EVALI. Leading experts [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1o0mlqZaMMUeD7Eapc1H0CdSsTz4HsuxE/view requested] the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) change the name of EVALI to help consumers better understand the difference between vaping THC and nicotine. The CDC declined to make that change.
 =Why are some experts claiming vaping causes Popcorn Lung?=
-In 2015 the paper "[https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/10.1289/ehp.1510185 Flavoring Chemicals in E-Cigarettes: Diacetyl, 2,3-Pentanedione, and Acetoin in a Sample of 51 Products, Including Fruit-, Candy-, and Cocktail-Flavored E-Cigarettes]" was published. The authors found Diacetyl in some of the e-liquids they tested. They concluded, "Our findings confirm the presence of diacetyl and other flavoring chemicals in flavored e-cigarettes. Because of the associations between diacetyl and bronchiolitis obliterans and other severe respiratory diseases among workers inhaling heated vapors containing diacetyl, urgent action is recommended to further evaluate the extent of this new exposure to diacetyl and related flavoring compounds in e-cigarettes." (The vapors that workers inhaled were not vapor from an e-cigarette.) [https://twitter.com/j_g_allen/status/1751230489615126963 Twitter thread about study]
+In 2015 the paper "[https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/10.1289/ehp.1510185 Flavoring Chemicals in E-Cigarettes: Diacetyl, 2,3-Pentanedione, and Acetoin in a Sample of 51 Products, Including Fruit-, Candy-, and Cocktail-Flavored E-Cigarettes"]was published. The authors found Diacetyl in some of the e-liquids they tested. They concluded, "Our findings confirm the presence of diacetyl and other flavoring chemicals in flavored e-cigarettes. Because of the associations between diacetyl and bronchiolitis obliterans and other severe respiratory diseases among workers inhaling heated vapors containing diacetyl, urgent action is recommended to further evaluate the extent of this new exposure to diacetyl and related flavoring compounds in e-cigarettes." (The vapors that workers inhaled were not vapor from an e-cigarette.) [https://twitter.com/j_g_allen/status/1751230489615126963 Twitter thread about study.]
-Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health issued a press release about the study, "[https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/e-cigarette-flavoring-chemicals-linked-to-respiratory-disease/ Chemicals linked with severe respiratory disease found in common e-cigarette flavors]" (Link saved on [https://web.archive.org/web/20151212202826/https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/e-cigarette-flavoring-chemicals-linked-to-respiratory-disease/ Wayback Machine]). While the safety of e-cigarettes does need to be monitored, the study and the press release did not compare the levels of the chemicals found to what is inhaled from smoking a combustible cigarette. Neither the paper nor the press release said people will get Popcorn Lung from vaping. They just raised concern about the possibility.
+Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health issued a press release about the study, "[https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/e-cigarette-flavoring-chemicals-linked-to-respiratory-disease/ Chemicals linked with severe respiratory disease found in common e-cigarette flavors"](Link saved on [https://web.archive.org/web/20151212202826/https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/e-cigarette-flavoring-chemicals-linked-to-respiratory-disease/ Wayback Machine.)]While the safety of e-cigarettes does need to be monitored, the study and the press release did not compare the levels of the chemicals found to what is inhaled from smoking a combustible cigarette. Neither the paper nor the press release said people will get Popcorn Lung from vaping. They just raised concern about the possibility.
-While Dr. Farsalinos is strongly opposed to the use of Diacetyl in e-liquids, he is [http://www.ecigarette-research.org/research/index.php/whats-new/whatsnew-2015/236-da2 concerned] about the study because "the article is creating false impressions and exaggerates the potential risk from diacetyl and acetyl propionyl exposure through e-cigarettes. They failed to mention that these chemicals are present in tobacco cigarette smoke and violated a classical toxicological principle that the amount determines the toxicity and the risk."
+While Dr. Farsalinos is strongly opposed to the use of Diacetyl in e-liquids, he is [http://www.ecigarette-research.org/research/index.php/whats-new/whatsnew-2015/236-da2 concerned]about the study because "the article is creating false impressions and exaggerates the potential risk from diacetyl and acetyl propionyl exposure through e-cigarettes. They failed to mention that these chemicals are present in tobacco cigarette smoke and violated a classical toxicological principle that the amount determines the toxicity and the risk."
-Dr. Brad Rodu has concerns about the methods used in this study and said in his [https://rodutobaccotruth.blogspot.com/2015/12/is-harvard-e-cigarette-buttery-flavor.html blog], "As I advised previously, vapers should only use liquids that are certified to be free of buttery flavors that are suspected respiratory toxicants.  However, laboratory investigations of e-cigarettes should use validated methods to assure credibility.  The results of the Harvard Buttery Flavor Study do not meet this standard."
+Dr. Brad Rodu has concerns about the methods used in this study and said in his [https://rodutobaccotruth.blogspot.com/2015/12/is-harvard-e-cigarette-buttery-flavor.html blog,]"As I advised previously, vapers should only use liquids that are certified to be free of buttery flavors that are suspected respiratory toxicants.  However, laboratory investigations of e-cigarettes should use validated methods to assure credibility. The results of the Harvard Buttery Flavor Study do not meet this standard."
-Science writer Carrie Arnold [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4892907/ commented] on this study and said, "This study did not assess levels of diacetyl, 2,3-pentanedione, and acetoin in actual users, much less health effects. So it’s premature to assume that exposure to these chemicals via e-cigarettes causes health problems."
+Science writer Carrie Arnold [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4892907/ commented]on this study and said, "This study did not assess levels of diacetyl, 2,3-pentanedione, and acetoin in actual users, much less health effects. So it’s premature to assume that exposure to these chemicals via e-cigarettes causes health problems."
-The study and [https://www.vox.com/2015/12/9/9880926/e-cigarettes-popcorn-lung-harms alarm] over the [https://time.com/4139335/e-cigarettes-chemicals-diacetyl/ potential] danger of vaping made [https://tobaccoanalysis.blogspot.com/2015/12/new-study-finds-that-average-diacetyl.html headlines] across the US and [https://healingoracle.ch/2017/04/03/confirmed-e-cigarettes-cause-a-horrible-incurable-disease-called-popcorn-lung-worse-than-lung-cancer/ globally]. Most of the articles failed to mention there are [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4892705/ more] of these chemicals in [https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/53/2/1801151 combustible cigarettes], and there are no [https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/684963/Evidence_review_of_e-cigarettes_and_heated_tobacco_products_2018.pdf documented] cases of Popcorn Lung being caused by [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4892932/ smoking] or [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5693960/ vaping].
+The study and [https://www.vox.com/2015/12/9/9880926/e-cigarettes-popcorn-lung-harms alarm]over the [https://time.com/4139335/e-cigarettes-chemicals-diacetyl/ potential]danger of vaping made [https://tobaccoanalysis.blogspot.com/2015/12/new-study-finds-that-average-diacetyl.html headlines]across the US and [https://healingoracle.ch/2017/04/03/confirmed-e-cigarettes-cause-a-horrible-incurable-disease-called-popcorn-lung-worse-than-lung-cancer/ globally.]Most of the articles failed to mention there are [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4892705/ more]of these chemicals in [https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/53/2/1801151 combustible cigarettes,]and there are no [https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/684963/Evidence_review_of_e-cigarettes_and_heated_tobacco_products_2018.pdf documented]cases of Popcorn Lung being caused by [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4892932/ smoking]or [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5693960/ vaping].
-A chemical of concern that might pose potential harm swiftly morphed into known harm, and word began to [https://us.blastingnews.com/opinion/2015/12/new-e-cig-study-reveals-crisis-in-journalism-00691827.html spread] that vaping causes Popcorn Lung, even though there were no documented cases of it actually occurring. A 2015 report published in the [https://www.jsonline.com/story/archives/2019/09/18/diacetyl-popcorn-lung-chemical-e-cigarettes-coffee-roasting-plants/2078765002/ Milwaukee Journal Sentinal] gave a historical run-down of cases of Popcorn Lung in the food industry and questioned why Diacetyl was allowed in e-cigarettes.
+A chemical of concern that might pose potential harm swiftly morphed into known harm, and word began to [https://us.blastingnews.com/opinion/2015/12/new-e-cig-study-reveals-crisis-in-journalism-00691827.html spread]that vaping causes Popcorn Lung, even though there were no documented cases of it actually occurring. A 2015 report published in the [https://www.jsonline.com/story/archives/2019/09/18/diacetyl-popcorn-lung-chemical-e-cigarettes-coffee-roasting-plants/2078765002/ Milwaukee Journal Sentinal]gave a historical run-down of cases of Popcorn Lung in the food industry and questioned why Diacetyl was allowed in e-cigarettes.
-The American Lung Association added [https://web.archive.org/web/20160709232304/http://www.lung.org/about-us/blog/2016/07/popcorn-lung-risk-ecigs.html information] about Popcorn Lung and vaping on their website in 2016.
+The American Lung Association added [https://web.archive.org/web/20160709232304/http://www.lung.org/about-us/blog/2016/07/popcorn-lung-risk-ecigs.html information]about Popcorn Lung and vaping on their website in 2016, leading the public to believe that vaping causes Popcorn lung when there have been no biopsy confirmed cases that can be confirmed to be caused by vaping.
-In 2018, [https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/05/14/the-promise-of-vaping-and-the-rise-of-juul Jonathan Winickoff], the former chair of the American Academy of Pediatrics Tobacco Consortium, a pediatrician at Massachusetts General Hospital and a professor at Harvard Medical School, said that he "believes that the vape industry is co-opting the national wellness trend—when, in fact, vaping can cause something called bronchiolitis obliterans, or popcorn lung."
+In 2018, [https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/05/14/the-promise-of-vaping-and-the-rise-of-juul Jonathan Winickoff,]the former chair of the American Academy of Pediatrics Tobacco Consortium, a pediatrician at Massachusetts General Hospital and a professor at Harvard Medical School, said that he "believes that the vape industry is co-opting the national wellness trend—when, in fact, vaping can cause something called bronchiolitis obliterans, or popcorn lung."
-Schools, in an [https://www.theedadvocate.org/teaching-students-about-popcorn-lungs-disease/ attempt] to keep teens safe and discourage them from experimenting with vaping began telling [https://web.archive.org/web/20200806010833/https://www.minnetonkabreezes.com/sports/2019/12/20/popcorn-lung/ students] they could get Popcorn Lung from vaping.
+Schools, in an [https://www.theedadvocate.org/teaching-students-about-popcorn-lungs-disease/ attempt]to keep teens safe and discourage them from experimenting with vaping began telling [https://web.archive.org/web/20200806010833/https://www.minnetonkabreezes.com/sports/2019/12/20/popcorn-lung/ students]they could get Popcorn Lung from vaping.
-Misperceptions about the risk of getting Popcorn Lung from vaping can lead some people who smoke to [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0376871623000443 avoid] trying this safer alternative to help them quit smoking. A point that was made by Jennifer Pierce, Anders Abelmann, and Brent Finley in their [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4892932/ commentary] about the 2015 flavoring study.
+Misperceptions about the risk of getting Popcorn Lung from vaping can lead some people who smoke to [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0376871623000443 avoid]trying this safer alternative to help them quit smoking. A point that was made by Jennifer Pierce, Anders Abelmann, and Brent Finley in their [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4892932/ commentary]about the 2015 flavoring study.
 =What actions were taken to protect consumers after the study was released?=
@@ Line 103: / Line 108: @@
 =Who has corrected or deleted their incorrect information on Popcorn Lung?=
+'''2015'''
 *October 20, 2015 - American College of Chest Physicians - [https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/897313 Case report finds acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis in patient using e-cigarettes]
 **"[CORRECTION] An October 19, 2015 version of this press release stated in error a diagnosis of bronchiolitis obliterans. Researchers reported a diagnosis of inhalational injury, suspected acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis, related to e-cigarette use."
 **See Also: 2015: [http://www.ecigarette-research.org/research/index.php/whats-new/whatsnew-2015/234-bo Medical journal MISPRESENTS a case of hypersensitivity pneumonitis as popcorn lung disease caused by e-cigarette]
+'''2023'''
 *In December 2023, Harvard Health tweeted about Popcorn Lung. After a Community Note was post to it, Harvard [https://twitter.com/GregTHR/status/1739802372983972248 deleted] the tweet.
 <br>
 [[File:Harvard Health Tweet.png|center]]
 <br>
+'''2024'''
+*Sometime between December 7 and 18, 2024, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - Removed this Press Release from their website: Chemicals linked with severe respiratory disease found in common e-cigarette flavors. (Link saved on [https://web.archive.org/web/20151212202826/https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/e-cigarette-flavoring-chemicals-linked-to-respiratory-disease/ Wayback Machine.])
+'''2025'''
+*In April 2025, Raidió Teilifís Éireann, Ireland's National Public Service Media, Tweeted (see screenshot) about popcorn lung and put the information on their [https://www.rte.ie/brainstorm/2025/0430/1510257-popcorn-lung-vaping-explained/ website]. On May 2, 2025, they deleted the tweet and removed the website page after receiving three community notes. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20250501085241/https://www.rte.ie/brainstorm/2025/0430/1510257-popcorn-lung-vaping-explained/ see archived link to website page])
+<br>
+[[File:RTE Popcorn Lung.png|center]]
+<br>
+*In May 2025, the Irish Thoracic Society deleted their tweet alluding to a connection between popcorn lung and vaping. (Deleted before a screenshot was captured.)
 =Who's information can lead people to believe that vaping causes Popcorn Lung?=
 Some of these websites don't specifically say that people who vape get Popcorn Lung. They mention diacetyl is in e-cigarettes and that diacetyl can cause popcorn lung. Their failure lies in neglecting to point out that popcorn lung is rare, there is more diacetyl in combustible cigarettes than vapor products, and there are no [https://tobaccoanalysis.blogspot.com/2018/05/e-cigarette-opponents-still-making-up.html documented] cases of popcorn lung that can be directly attributed to smoking or vaping that has been medically verified.
 ===Cites Harvard researcher's study or press release as source===
-*Dec 8, 2015 - Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - Press Release - [https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/e-cigarette-flavoring-chemicals-linked-to-respiratory-disease/ Chemicals linked with severe respiratory disease found in common e-cigarette flavors] (Link saved on [https://web.archive.org/web/20151212202826/https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/e-cigarette-flavoring-chemicals-linked-to-respiratory-disease/ Wayback Machine])
+*Dec 8, 2015 - Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - Press Release - "Chemicals linked with severe respiratory disease found in common e-cigarette flavors." (Link saved on [https://web.archive.org/web/20151212202826/https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/e-cigarette-flavoring-chemicals-linked-to-respiratory-disease/ Wayback Machine])
 *Dec 8, 2015 - Time - [https://time.com/4139335/e-cigarettes-chemicals-diacetyl/ The Butter Flavor Chemical Used in Microwave Popcorn Is Also in E-Cigs]
 *Dec 8, 2015 - The Verge - [https://www.theverge.com/2015/12/8/9873458/e-cigarette-vape-lung-disease-diacetyl-cupcake-cotton-candy Some e-cigarette flavors contain chemical linked to 'popcorn lung' disease]
@@ Line 128: / Line 143: @@
 *2019 - [https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/356561555100066200/pdf/E-Cigarettes-Use-and-Taxation.pdf World Bank Group Global Tobacco Control Program]
 *Nov 15, 2019 - Hawaii Public Health Institute - [https://www.hiphi.org/what-is-popcorn-lung-and-can-you-get-it-from-vaping/ What Is Popcorn Lung, and Can You Get It from Vaping?]
+*November 7, 2022 - Charlie Health - [https://www.charliehealth.com/research/vaping-teen-health-what-you-need-to-know  Vaping & Teen Health: What You Need to Know]
 *Dec 21, 2023 - Harvard Health Publishing - Popcorn lung: What is it, and who is at risk? (which was changed - more [https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/popcorn-lung-what-is-it-and-who-is-at-risk misleading]!) [https://web.archive.org/web/20240116112026/https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/popcorn-lung-what-is-it-and-who-is-at-risk Jan 2, 2024] - See old version [https://web.archive.org/web/20231228054251/https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/popcorn-lung-what-is-it-and-who-is-at-risk Dec 21, 2023])
 *Jan 23, 2024 - Recovered - [https://recovered.org/blog/the-risks-of-vaping The Risks of Vaping]
@@ Line 145: / Line 161: @@
 *PATHS Program - [https://pathsprogram.com/blog/2024/3/19/the-dangers-of-vaping The Dangers of Vaping] - March 19, 2024
 *PharmEasy - [https://web.archive.org/web/20230703192358/https://pharmeasy.in/blog/does-vaping-cause-cancer-exploring-the-health-implications/ Does Vaping Cause Cancer? Exploring The Health Implications] - Feb 14, 2024
+*The Conversation - [https://theconversation.com/popcorn-lung-how-vaping-can-scar-your-lungs-for-life-254414 Popcorn lung: how vaping can scar your lungs for life] - April 25, 2025
 *University of Northern Colorado - [https://www.unco.edu/student-health-center/health-topics/vaping.aspx Vaping and E-Cigarettes] - Jun 11, 2022
 *University of North Texas - [https://www.unthsc.edu/school-of-public-health/vaping-advice-for-parents/ Vaping advice for parents] - Sep 19, 2019
@@ Line 172: / Line 189: @@
 *American Cancer Society - [https://www.cancer.org/cancer/risk-prevention/tobacco/e-cigarettes-vaping.html E-cigarettes and Vaping] - Last Revised: November 19, 2024
 *American Heart Association – Eastern States, This article was provided by Bayhealth - [https://easternstates.heart.org/2024/02/21/the-dangers-of-vaping/ The Dangers of Vaping] - February 21, 2024
+*Apollo Hospitals - [https://x.com/HospitalsApollo/status/1913226138991710502 Did you know vaping and e-cigarettes can lead to a condition called Popcorn Lung?]- Apr 18,2025
 *Beaufort Memorial Hospital - [https://www.bmhsc.org/blog/can-vaping-cause-lung-cancer-what-we-know-so-far Can Vaping Cause Lung Cancer? What We Know So Far] - November 14, 2024
 *Business Universe - [https://www.businessuniverse.in/the-mystery-of-popcorn-lung-signs-symptoms-and-the-vaping-connection The Mystery of Popcorn Lung: Signs, Symptoms, and the Vaping Connection] - [https://www.businessuniverse.in/health Feb 20, 2024] (points out potential, does not say it causes it)
 *CDC - [https://web.archive.org/web/20170420150557/https://e-cigarettes.surgeongeneral.gov/documents/SGR_E-Cig_Health_Care_Provider_Card_508.pdf Health Care Professionals: Educate Your Young Patients About the Risks of E-cigarettes] -Apr 20, 2017 (Date is the earliest date on WayBack Machine)
 *Cinncinati Enquirer - [https://www.cincinnati.com/story/opinion/editorials/2024/01/31/ban-flavored-tobacco-end-vape-crisis-cincinnati/72152616007/ Cincinnati must pick up the pace on banning flavored tobacco] - Jan 31, 2024
-*Cleveland Clinic - [https://web.archive.org/web/20220807182718/https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22590-popcorn-lung-bronchiolitis-obliterans Popcorn Lung (Bronchiolitis Obliterans)] - Apr 7, 2022 (Date is the earliest date on WayBack Machine) (Misleading information about vaping is still on their website [https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22590-popcorn-lung-bronchiolitis-obliterans Oct 7, 2024].) Popcorn Lung is also mentioned on their [https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/21162-vaping Vaping (E-Cigarettes)] page.
+*Cleveland Clinic - [https://web.archive.org/web/20220807182718/https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22590-popcorn-lung-bronchiolitis-obliterans Popcorn Lung (Bronchiolitis Obliterans)] - Apr 7, 2022 (Date is the earliest date on WayBack Machine) (Misleading information about vaping is still on their website [https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22590-popcorn-lung-bronchiolitis-obliterans Oct 7, 2024]). Popcorn Lung is also mentioned on their [https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/21162-vaping Vaping (E-Cigarettes)] page.
 *Covenant Health - [https://www.covenanthealth.com/blog/effects-of-vaping-on-teens/ The Effects of Vaping on Teens and Young Adults]
 *Daily Mail - [https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-13057345/vaping-dangerous-cigarettes-report-dangers-lung-disease.html How dangerous IS vaping compared with smoking? New review analyzes the dangers of both.... and finds former is linked to EIGHT lung diseases] - Feb 8, 2024
@@ Line 183: / Line 201: @@
 *Dr Zac Turner, medical practitioner specialising in preventative health and wellness - [https://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/health/health-problems/popcorn-lung-doctor-reveals-shock-truth-about-vaping/news-story/636eceb0f1808de9ca034b38bc417c62 ‘Popcorn lung’: Doctor reveals shock truth about vaping] - Aug 25, 2024
 *Essentia Health - [https://www.essentiahealth.org/about/essentia-health-newsroom/cancer-can-vaping-cause-lung-cancer-or-other-diseases Can Vaping Cause Lung Cancer or Other Diseases?] - October 28, 2024
+*Grand Forks, ND, Department of Public Health - [https://x.com/GFPublicHealth/status/1901345281347821853 Do you know about vaping and popcorn lung?] - Mar 16, 2025
 *Houston Methodist - [https://www.houstonmethodist.org/blog/articles/2024/dec/does-vaping-cause-lung-cancer/ Does Vaping Cause Lung Cancer?] - December 9, 2024
 *James A Vito, D.M.D. - [https://www.jamesvito.com/blog/2024/1/23/is-vaping-safe-part-2/ Is Vaping Safe: Part 2] - January 23, 2024
+*KYW Newsradio Audio On-Demand - [https://www.audacy.com/podcast/kyw-newsradio-audio-on-demand-12880/episodes/cases-of-popcorn-lung-are-growing-among-young-people-who-vape-37155?_branch_match_id=1015711130154785438&_branch_referrer=H4sIAAAAAAAAA8soKSkottLXT8%2FXSyxNSUyu1EvOz9U3D4wMLwwxqYo Cases of ‘popcorn lung’ are growing among young people who vape] - April 30, 2025
 *Manor Dental Health - [https://www.manordentalhull.com/why-vaping-is-just-as-harmful-as-smoking/ Why Vaping is Just as Harmful as Smoking] - September 18, 2024
 *Med India - [https://www.medindia.net/news/healthwatch/vapers-beware-exploring-the-threat-of-popcorn-lung-215028-1.htm Vapers Beware: Exploring the Threat of Popcorn Lung] - February 20, 2024
 *Montgomery Community Media - [https://www.mymcmedia.org/medical-professional-links-popcorn-lung-disease-to-vaping/ Medical Professional Links ‘Popcorn Lung’ Disease to Vaping] - September 4, 2019
+*Metro - [https://metro.co.uk/2025/01/16/dangerous-impact-vaping-can-lungs-22375303/ The dangerous impact vaping can have on your lungs] - Jan 16, 2025
 *NMC Health - [https://www.mynmchealth.org/5-things-to-know-about-vaping/ 5 things to know about vaping] - March 11, 2021
 *Parkview Health - [https://www.parkview.com/blog/e-cigarettes-know-the-risks E-cigarettes: Know the risks] - Nov 9, 2023 (article mentions "diacetyl, a chemical linked to a serious lung disease).
@@ Line 193: / Line 214: @@
 *Public Health Delta Menominee - [https://www.instagram.com/ph_deltamenominee/p/DB_ntOMCKTK/ Vaping can cause popcorn lung] - November 5, 2024
 *Regional Cancer Care Associates - [https://www.regionalcancercare.org/news/does-vaping-cause-lung-cancer/ Does Vaping Cause Lung Cancer?] - February 21, 2024
+*Sacramento County, California - [https://x.com/SacCountyCA/status/1902797294858023000 Vaping can lead to lung disease, “Popcorn Lung,” and even a collapsed lung.] - Mar 20, 2025
+*St. Michael’s Elite Hospital - [https://24hrer.com/the-great-american-smokeout-focus-on-vaping/ The Great American Smokeout – Focus on Vaping] - Date Unknown
 *Tempe Coalition - [https://www.tempecoalition.org/initiatives/tobacco-cessation/ Addressing the Youth Vaping Crisis] - Date Unknown
+*The Citizen - [https://www.citizen.co.za/lifestyle/health/vaping-popcorn-lung-predicament/ Vaping’s popcorn lung predicament] - June 27, 2024
 *The Conversation - [https://theconversation.com/vaping-now-more-common-than-smoking-among-young-people-and-the-risks-go-beyond-lung-and-brain-damage-223125 Vaping now more common than smoking among young people – and the risks go beyond lung and brain damage] - April 25, 2024
 *The Postline (video) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dmVFr--YHCg&t=36s Popcorn lung disease: What is it, and how does it link to vaping?] - Feb 24, 2024
@@ Line 220: / Line 244: @@
 =Suggestions to add to this page=
+===2025: [https://rodutobaccotruth.blogspot.com/2025/07/follow-up-to-my-expose-on-american-lung.html Follow-Up to My Exposé on the American Lung Association]===
+*Follow up to: [https://rodutobaccotruth.blogspot.com/2025/07/wave-goodbye-with-your-wallet-to.html Wave Goodbye With Your Wallet to the American Lung Association]