Nicotine therapeutic benefits: Difference between revisions

Line 1,019:

=== 2017: [https://www.nature.com/articles/nm.4274 Nicotine reverses hypofrontality in animal models of addiction and schizophrenia] ===

*Animal Study

*“Our study provides compelling biological evidence that a specific genetic variant contributes to risk for schizophrenia, defines the mechanism responsible for the effect and validates that nicotine improves that deficit,” said Jerry Stitzel, a researcher at the Institute for Behavioral Genetics (IBG) and one of four CU Boulder researchers on the study.

*Previous genome-wide association studies have suggested that people with a variation in a gene called CHRNA5 are more likely to have schizophrenia, but the mechanism for that association has remained unclear. People with that variant are also more likely to smoke.

**Citation: Fani Koukouli, Marie Rooy, Dimitrios Tziotis, Kurt A Sailor, Heidi C O'Neill, Josien Levenga, Mirko Witte, Michael Nilges, Jean-Pierre Changeux, Charles A Hoeffer, Jerry A Stitzel, Boris S Gutkin, David A DiGregorio Uwe Maskos Nature Medicine volume 23, pages347–354 (2017)

* Ultimately the authors of the study, published in ~~the journal ''Nature Medicine'', envision their work could lead to new non-addictive,~~ nicotine~~-based treatments for some of the 51 million people worldwide who suffer~~ from ~~the disease. It could also potentially have applications for treating addiction, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Bipolar disorder and other psychiatric conditions.~~

===2017: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28441884/ Targeting neuronal dysfunction in schizophrenia with nicotine: Evidence from neurophysiology to neuroimaging]===

* ~~“Our study provides compelling biological~~ evidence that ~~a specific genetic variant contributes to risk for schizophrenia, defines~~ the ~~mechanism responsible for the effect and validates~~ that nicotine ~~improves that deficit~~,~~” said Jerry Stitzel, a researcher at the Institute for Behavioral Genetics~~ (~~IBG~~) ~~and one~~ of ~~four CU Boulder researchers~~ on ~~the study~~.

*This brief review discusses evidence from neurophysiological and neuroimaging studies in schizophrenia patients that nicotinic agonists may effectively target dysfunctional neuronal circuits in the illness. Evidence suggests that nicotine significantly modulates a number of these circuits, although relatively few studies have used modern neuroimaging techniques (e.g. functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)) to examine the effects of nicotinic drugs on disease-related neurobiology. The neuronal effects of nicotine and other nicotinic agonists in schizophrenia remain a priority for psychiatry research.

* ~~Note~~: ~~Mouse study; using a model known to mimic human disease~~.

**Citation: Smucny J, Tregellas JR. Targeting neuronal dysfunction in schizophrenia with nicotine: Evidence from neurophysiology to neuroimaging. J Psychopharmacol. 2017 Jul;31(7):801-811. doi: 10.1177/0269881117705071. Epub 2017 Apr 26. PMID: 28441884; PMCID: PMC5963521.

* Previous genome-wide association studies have suggested that people with a variation in ~~a gene called CHRNA5 are more likely to have~~ schizophrenia~~, but the mechanism for that association has remained unclear. People~~ with ~~that variant are also more likely~~ to ~~smoke~~.

* Fani Koukouli, Marie Rooy, Dimitrios Tziotis, Kurt A Sailor, Heidi C O'Neill, Josien Levenga, Mirko Witte, Michael Nilges, Jean-~~Pierre Changeux, Charles A Hoeffer, Jerry A Stitzel, Boris S Gutkin, David A DiGregorio Uwe Maskos Nature Medicine volume 23, pages347–354 (~~2017)

===2016: [https://truthinitiative.org/sites/default/files/media/files/2019/08/ReThinking-Nicotine_0.pdf Re-thinking nicotine and its effects]===

@@ Line 1,019: / Line 1,019: @@
 === 2017: [https://www.nature.com/articles/nm.4274 Nicotine reverses hypofrontality in animal models of addiction and schizophrenia] ===
+*Animal Study
+*“Our study provides compelling biological evidence that a specific genetic variant contributes to risk for schizophrenia, defines the mechanism responsible for the effect and validates that nicotine improves that deficit,” said Jerry Stitzel, a researcher at the Institute for Behavioral Genetics (IBG) and one of four CU Boulder researchers on the study.
+*Previous genome-wide association studies have suggested that people with a variation in a gene called CHRNA5 are more likely to have schizophrenia, but the mechanism for that association has remained unclear. People with that variant are also more likely to smoke.
+**Citation: Fani Koukouli, Marie Rooy, Dimitrios Tziotis, Kurt A Sailor, Heidi C O'Neill, Josien Levenga, Mirko Witte, Michael Nilges, Jean-Pierre Changeux, Charles A Hoeffer, Jerry A Stitzel, Boris S Gutkin, David A DiGregorio  Uwe Maskos Nature Medicine volume 23, pages347–354 (2017)
-* Ultimately the authors of the study, published in the journal ''Nature Medicine'', envision their work could lead to new non-addictive, nicotine-based treatments for some of the 51 million people worldwide who suffer from the disease. It could also potentially have applications for treating addiction, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Bipolar disorder and other psychiatric conditions.
+===2017: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28441884/ Targeting neuronal dysfunction in schizophrenia with nicotine: Evidence from neurophysiology to neuroimaging]===
-* “Our study provides compelling biological evidence that a specific genetic variant contributes to risk for schizophrenia, defines the mechanism responsible for the effect and validates that nicotine improves that deficit,” said Jerry Stitzel, a researcher at the Institute for Behavioral Genetics (IBG) and one of four CU Boulder researchers on the study.
+*This brief review discusses evidence from neurophysiological and neuroimaging studies in schizophrenia patients that nicotinic agonists may effectively target dysfunctional neuronal circuits in the illness. Evidence suggests that nicotine significantly modulates a number of these circuits, although relatively few studies have used modern neuroimaging techniques (e.g. functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)) to examine the effects of nicotinic drugs on disease-related neurobiology. The neuronal effects of nicotine and other nicotinic agonists in schizophrenia remain a priority for psychiatry research.
-* Note: Mouse study; using a model known to mimic human disease.
+**Citation: Smucny J, Tregellas JR. Targeting neuronal dysfunction in schizophrenia with nicotine: Evidence from neurophysiology to neuroimaging. J Psychopharmacol. 2017 Jul;31(7):801-811. doi: 10.1177/0269881117705071. Epub 2017 Apr 26. PMID: 28441884; PMCID: PMC5963521.
-* Previous genome-wide association studies have suggested that people with a variation in a gene called CHRNA5 are more likely to have schizophrenia, but the mechanism for that association has remained unclear. People with that variant are also more likely to smoke.
-* Fani Koukouli, Marie Rooy, Dimitrios Tziotis, Kurt A Sailor, Heidi C O'Neill, Josien Levenga, Mirko Witte, Michael Nilges, Jean-Pierre Changeux, Charles A Hoeffer, Jerry A Stitzel, Boris S Gutkin, David A DiGregorio  Uwe Maskos Nature Medicine volume 23, pages347–354 (2017)
 ===2016: [https://truthinitiative.org/sites/default/files/media/files/2019/08/ReThinking-Nicotine_0.pdf Re-thinking nicotine and its effects]===