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| =Studies - Not Catagorized= | | =Studies - Not Catagorized= |
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| ===2019: [https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/article-abstract/2737916 Association Between Electronic Cigarette Use and Smoking Reduction in France]===
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| *This cohort study found that, among daily smokers in France, regular (daily) electronic cigarette use is associated with a significantly higher decrease in the number of cigarettes smoked per day as well as an increase in smoking cessation attempts. However, among former smokers, electronic cigarette use is associated with an increase in the rate of smoking relapse.
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| *[https://sci-hub.se/10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.1483 PDF Version]
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| *Citation: Gomajee, R., El-Khoury, F., Goldberg, M., Zins, M., Lemogne, C., Wiernik, E., … Melchior, M. (2019). Association Between Electronic Cigarette Use and Smoking Reduction in France. JAMA Internal Medicine. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.1483
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| *Acknowledgement: The CONSTANCES (Consultants des Centres d’Examens de Santé) Cohort Study was supported and funded by the Caisse nationale d’assurance maladie des travailleurs salariés. The CONSTANCES Cohort Study is an “Infrastructure nationale en Biologie et Santé” is funded by grant ANR-11-INBS-0002 from Agence Nationale de la Recherche. CONSTANCES is also partly funded by MSD, AstraZeneca, and Lundbeck. The present analyses were supported by grant 2016-082 from Institut National du Cancer.
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| *'''NOTE''': Article that covers above study - [https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/15/health/e-cigarettes-quit-smoking-study/index.html?no-st=1565360238 Adults who vape are more likely to quit cigarettes, study finds]
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| **“The study did find that the heightened risk of relapse disappeared in those who quit smoking more recently, which the researchers said may be due to improved e-cigarette technology.”
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| **“For example, the study as a whole considered anybody who quit smoking from 2010 onward and found that, in that sample, vaping increased the risk of relapse. But when researchers only considered people who quit cigarettes as of 2013, former smokers were not more likely to relapse if they vaped.”
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| **“The researchers noted in their study that "measures of plasma nicotine levels have shown that, compared with older models of [e-cigarettes], the new generation delivers higher levels of nicotine to the bloodstream," which may make them more satisfying.”
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| **“Other "technical improvements in [e-cigarettes] over time," they said, may also explain why people who recently quit smoking and switched to e-cigarettes were less likely to relapse than those who quit earlier.”
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