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| *Mean cigarettes per day decreased by 37% when e-cigarettes were available relative to baseline. Nicotine-containing cartridges were associated with greater use and craving reduction than 0 mg. Alleviation of withdrawal symptoms and taste and enjoyment factors predicted e-cigarette use. | | *Mean cigarettes per day decreased by 37% when e-cigarettes were available relative to baseline. Nicotine-containing cartridges were associated with greater use and craving reduction than 0 mg. Alleviation of withdrawal symptoms and taste and enjoyment factors predicted e-cigarette use. |
| *[https://sci-hub.se/10.1093/ntr/ntx269 PDF Versioin] | | *[https://sci-hub.se/10.1093/ntr/ntx269 PDF Versioin] |
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| | ===2017: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5520273/ Cohort study of electronic cigarette use: effectiveness and safety at 24 months]=== |
| | *Of the e-cigarette users, 61.1% remained abstinent from tobacco (while 23.1% and 26.0% of tobacco-only smokers and dual users achieved tobacco abstinence). |
| | *[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5520273/pdf/tobaccocontrol-2015-052822.pdf PDF Version] |
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