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==Cardiovascular== | ==Cardiovascular== | ||
Re-examining the Association Between E-Cigarette Use and Myocardial Infarction: A Cautionary Tale | ===Re-examining the Association Between E-Cigarette Use and Myocardial Infarction: A Cautionary Tale=== | ||
There is no reliable evidence that e-cigarette use is associated with ever having had a myocardial infarction among never smokers. | There is no reliable evidence that e-cigarette use is associated with ever having had a myocardial infarction among never smokers. | ||
Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Among Adult Former Smoker, Current E-Cigarette Users Results from Wave 1 PATH Study | ===Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Among Adult Former Smoker, Current E-Cigarette Users Results from Wave 1 PATH Study=== | ||
Exclusive e-cigarette users have biomarker concentrations that are similar to those of former smokers who do not currently use tobacco, and lower than those of exclusive cigarette smokers. | Exclusive e-cigarette users have biomarker concentrations that are similar to those of former smokers who do not currently use tobacco, and lower than those of exclusive cigarette smokers. | ||
2021: Increased Expression of Proatherogenic Proteins in Immune Cell Subtypes in Tobacco Cigarette Smokers But Not in Electronic Cigarette Vapers | ===2021: Increased Expression of Proatherogenic Proteins in Immune Cell Subtypes in Tobacco Cigarette Smokers But Not in Electronic Cigarette Vapers=== | ||
-In this study, we showed that tobacco cigarette smoking, but not electronic-cigarette vaping, is associated with increased expression of major proteins in the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) inflammasome-interleukin (IL)-6 signalling axis in monocyte subtypes and T cells. | -In this study, we showed that tobacco cigarette smoking, but not electronic-cigarette vaping, is associated with increased expression of major proteins in the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) inflammasome-interleukin (IL)-6 signalling axis in monocyte subtypes and T cells. | ||
-These findings implicate the non-nicotine, pro-oxidant toxicants in tobacco cigarette smoke as instigators of increased expression of key proteins in the TLR4-inflammasome-IL-6 axis that contribute to atherogenesis. | -These findings implicate the non-nicotine, pro-oxidant toxicants in tobacco cigarette smoke as instigators of increased expression of key proteins in the TLR4-inflammasome-IL-6 axis that contribute to atherogenesis. | ||
2020: Expression of Key Inflammatory Proteins Is Increased in Immune Cells From Tobacco Cigarette Smokers But Not Electronic Cigarette Vapers: Implications for Atherosclerosis | ===2020: Expression of Key Inflammatory Proteins Is Increased in Immune Cells From Tobacco Cigarette Smokers But Not Electronic Cigarette Vapers: Implications for Atherosclerosis=== | ||
TCIGs but not ECIGs are associated with increased expression of key proteins in the TLR4–inflammasome–IL‐6 signaling axis, supporting the notion that ECIGs may represent a harm reduction approach to those addicted to TCIGs who are unwilling or unable to quit. | TCIGs but not ECIGs are associated with increased expression of key proteins in the TLR4–inflammasome–IL‐6 signaling axis, supporting the notion that ECIGs may represent a harm reduction approach to those addicted to TCIGs who are unwilling or unable to quit. | ||
2020: Effects of electronic cigarette on platelet and vascular function after four months of use | ===2020: Effects of electronic cigarette on platelet and vascular function after four months of use=== | ||
-Electronic Cigarette vaping for four months has a neutral effect on platelet aggregation of healthy smokers. Continuation of tobacco cigarette smoking further deteriorates platelet function during 4 months of use. | -Electronic Cigarette vaping for four months has a neutral effect on platelet aggregation of healthy smokers. Continuation of tobacco cigarette smoking further deteriorates platelet function during 4 months of use. | ||
-Electronic cigarette vaping improves arterial elastic properties and oxidative stress after 4 months of use. Tobacco cigarette smoking causes further impairment of arterial elasticity and oxidative stress during 4 months of use | -Electronic cigarette vaping improves arterial elastic properties and oxidative stress after 4 months of use. Tobacco cigarette smoking causes further impairment of arterial elasticity and oxidative stress during 4 months of use | ||
2020: Differential Effects of Tobacco Cigarettes and Electronic Cigarettes on Endothelial Function in Healthy Young People | ===2020: Differential Effects of Tobacco Cigarettes and Electronic Cigarettes on Endothelial Function in Healthy Young People=== | ||
-Endothelial dysfunction, as measured by flow mediated vasodilation(FMD) is a predictor of future atherosclerosis and adverse cardiovascular events, and is impaired in tobacco cigarette (TC) smokers. | -Endothelial dysfunction, as measured by flow mediated vasodilation(FMD) is a predictor of future atherosclerosis and adverse cardiovascular events, and is impaired in tobacco cigarette (TC) smokers. | ||
-FMD was significantly impaired after smoking one TC, but not after vaping an equivalent "dose"(estimated plasma nicotine) of an e-cigarette (EC), consistent with the notion that non-nicotine constituents in TC smoke mediate the impairment. | -FMD was significantly impaired after smoking one TC, but not after vaping an equivalent "dose"(estimated plasma nicotine) of an e-cigarette (EC), consistent with the notion that non-nicotine constituents in TC smoke mediate the impairment. | ||
2020: Association of electronic cigarette use with lead, cadmium, barium, and antimony body burden: NHANES 2015-2016 PDF Version | ===2020: Association of electronic cigarette use with lead, cadmium, barium, and antimony body burden: NHANES 2015-2016=== | ||
PDF Version | |||
In this study, blood lead levels, and urinary cadmium, barium, and antimony levels were similar between participants who ever-used e-cigarettes and participants who did not, and therefore, e-cigarette use was not a major source of heavy metals. | In this study, blood lead levels, and urinary cadmium, barium, and antimony levels were similar between participants who ever-used e-cigarettes and participants who did not, and therefore, e-cigarette use was not a major source of heavy metals. | ||
2019: Cardiovascular Effects of Switching From Tobacco Cigarettes to Electronic Cigarettes | ===2019: Cardiovascular Effects of Switching From Tobacco Cigarettes to Electronic Cigarettes=== | ||
TC smokers, particularly females, demonstrate significant improvement in vascular health within 1 month of switching from TC to EC. Switching from TC to EC may be considered a harms reduction measure. | TC smokers, particularly females, demonstrate significant improvement in vascular health within 1 month of switching from TC to EC. Switching from TC to EC may be considered a harms reduction measure. | ||
2019: Global Forum on Nicotine (GFN) The effect of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ends) | 2019: Global Forum on Nicotine (GFN) The effect of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ends) | ||
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-2017 Article about this study | -2017 Article about this study | ||
2019: Electronic cigarettes and cardiovascular health: what do we know so far? | ===2019: Electronic cigarettes and cardiovascular health: what do we know so far?=== | ||
Though they may not be as harmless as previously proposed, it seems likely that on the spectrum of tobacco products, ECs are less harmful than TCs, and there is increasing evidence that ECs may help promote TC cessation. As such, ECs may be helpful for risk reduction | Though they may not be as harmless as previously proposed, it seems likely that on the spectrum of tobacco products, ECs are less harmful than TCs, and there is increasing evidence that ECs may help promote TC cessation. As such, ECs may be helpful for risk reduction | ||
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