Nicotine therapeutic benefits: Difference between revisions

Line 351:

='''Autism'''=

=== ~~2020~~: [https://~~pubmed~~.~~ncbi~~.~~nlm.nih~~.~~gov~~/~~32691528~~/ ~~The Role~~ of ~~Nicotinic Receptors~~ in the ~~Attenuation~~ of ~~Autism~~-~~Related Behaviors~~ in a ~~Murine~~ BTBR T + tf/J ~~Autistic~~ Model~~] ===~~

===2025: [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12035-025-04894-6 Nicotine Attenuates Molecular Signalings in the BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J Mouse Model of Autism]===

*Animal Study

*Accumulating evidence indicates that nicotinic receptor subtypes are altered in the brains of autistic individuals, and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) play essential roles in autistic profiles in BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J mice.

*Biochemical analysis showed that nicotine had significantly decreased the concentration of inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and GM-CSF in the serum, and reduced the expression levels of intracellular pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-17 & IFN-γ) on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the blood while mecamylamine reversed the effect of IL-17+ CD4+ T cells.

*Nicotine administration up-regulated the expressions of α7, α4, and β2 nAChRs in the prefrontal cortex in BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J mice.

*The current results indicate that nAChRs play a significant role, at least in part, in ASD and might serve as a crucial target for therapeutic interventions in ASD.

**Citation: AlSharari, S.D., Mahmood, H.M., Alasmari, A.F. et al. Nicotine Attenuates Molecular Signalings in the BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J Mouse Model of Autism. Mol Neurobiol (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-025-04894-6

***Acknowledgement: Researchers Supporting Project number (RSPD2025R829), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

* Nicotinic receptors are distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous system. Postmortem studies have reported that some nicotinic receptor subtypes are altered in the brains of autistic people.

===2020: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32691528/ The Role of Nicotinic Receptors in the Attenuation of Autism-Related Behaviors in a Murine BTBR T + tf/J Autistic Model]===

* Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the autistic behavior of BTBR T + tf/J mouse model of autism. This study was undertaken to examine the behavioral effects of targeted nAChRs using pharmacological ligands, including nicotine and mecamylamine in BTBR T + tf/J and C57BL/6J mice in a panel of behavioral tests relating to autism.

*Animal Study

* Overall, the findings indicate that the pharmacological modulation of nicotinic receptors is involved in modulating core behavioral phenotypes in the BTBR T + tf/J mouse model.

*Nicotinic receptors are distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous system. Postmortem studies have reported that some nicotinic receptor subtypes are altered in the brains of autistic people.

* LAY SUMMARY: The involvement of brain nicotinic neurotransmission system plays a crucial role in regulating autism-related behavioral features. In addition, the brain of the autistic-like mouse model has a low acetylcholine level. Here, we report that nicotine, at certain doses, improved sociability and reduced repetitive behaviors in a mouse model of autism, implicating the potential therapeutic values of a pharmacological intervention targeting nicotinic receptors for autism therapy.

*Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the autistic behavior of BTBR T + tf/J mouse model of autism. This study was undertaken to examine the behavioral effects of targeted nAChRs using pharmacological ligands, including nicotine and mecamylamine in BTBR T + tf/J and C57BL/6J mice in a panel of behavioral tests relating to autism.

* ~~Mouse study, may not explain human response~~

*Overall, the findings indicate that the pharmacological modulation of nicotinic receptors is involved in modulating core behavioral phenotypes in the BTBR T + tf/J mouse model.

* Autism ~~Research~~ 2020 Aug;13(8):1311-1334 doi: 10.1002/aur.2342. Epub 2020 Jul 21.

*LAY SUMMARY: The involvement of brain nicotinic neurotransmission system plays a crucial role in regulating autism-related behavioral features. In addition, the brain of the autistic-like mouse model has a low acetylcholine level. Here, we report that nicotine, at certain doses, improved sociability and reduced repetitive behaviors in a mouse model of autism, implicating the potential therapeutic values of a pharmacological intervention targeting nicotinic receptors for autism therapy.

*[https://sci-hub.st/10.1002/aur.2342 PDF Full paper]

**Citation: Mahmood HM, Aldhalaan HM, Alshammari TK, Alqasem MA, Alshammari MA, Albekairi NA, AlSharari SD. The Role of Nicotinic Receptors in the Attenuation of Autism-Related Behaviors in a Murine BTBR T + tf/J Autistic Model. Autism Res. 2020 Aug;13(8):1311-1334. doi: 10.1002/aur.2342. Epub 2020 Jul 21. PMID: 32691528.

***Acknowledgement: The authors would like to thank the support from the Center for Autism Research (CFAR), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSHRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

===2018 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6394231/ An Exploratory Trial of Transdermal Nicotine for Aggression and Irritability in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder]===

===2018: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6394231/ An Exploratory Trial of Transdermal Nicotine for Aggression and Irritability in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder]===

*Taken together, our study provides evidence for the feasibility and tolerability of [[Special:MyLanguage/Abbreviations|'''transdermal nicotine (TN/TNP)''']] in a small sample of adults with severe [[Special:MyLanguage/Abbreviations|'''Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)''']] symptoms and pathological chronic aggression and irritability.

*Our results also suggest that TN may have a beneficial effect on aggression, irritability, and sleep in ASD, though the sample size of this study is too small to make definitive conclusions.

*[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6394231/pdf/nihms-950880.pdf PDF Version]

*Citation: Lewis AS, van Schalkwyk GI, Lopez MO, Volkmar FR, Picciotto MR, Sukhodolsky DG. An Exploratory Trial of Transdermal Nicotine for Aggression and Irritability in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord. 2018 Aug;48(8):2748-2757. doi: 10.1007/s10803-018-3536-7. PMID: 29536216; PMCID: PMC6394231.

**Citation: Lewis AS, van Schalkwyk GI, Lopez MO, Volkmar FR, Picciotto MR, Sukhodolsky DG. An Exploratory Trial of Transdermal Nicotine for Aggression and Irritability in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord. 2018 Aug;48(8):2748-2757. doi: 10.1007/s10803-018-3536-7. PMID: 29536216; PMCID: PMC6394231.

*Acknowledgements: This work was supported by Autism Speaks grant #9699 (ASL), National Institutes of Health grants R01DA14241 and R01MH077681 (MRP), R25MH071584, T32MH019961, and T32MH14276 (ASL), and the Child Study Center Associates and the AACAP Pilot Award for General Psychiatry Residents (GIvS).

***Acknowledgements: This work was supported by Autism Speaks grant #9699 (ASL), National Institutes of Health grants R01DA14241 and R01MH077681 (MRP), R25MH071584, T32MH019961, and T32MH14276 (ASL), and the Child Study Center Associates and the AACAP Pilot Award for General Psychiatry Residents (GIvS).

*Keywords: Nicotine; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor; autism spectrum disorder; aggression; irritability; adult; sleep

<br>

@@ Line 351: / Line 351: @@
 ='''Autism'''=
-=== 2020: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32691528/ The Role of Nicotinic Receptors in the Attenuation of Autism-Related Behaviors in a Murine BTBR T + tf/J Autistic Model] ===
+===2025: [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12035-025-04894-6 Nicotine Attenuates Molecular Signalings in the BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J Mouse Model of Autism]===
+*Animal Study
+*Accumulating evidence indicates that nicotinic receptor subtypes are altered in the brains of autistic individuals, and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) play essential roles in autistic profiles in BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J mice.
+*Biochemical analysis showed that nicotine had significantly decreased the concentration of inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and GM-CSF in the serum, and reduced the expression levels of intracellular pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-17 & IFN-γ) on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the blood while mecamylamine reversed the effect of IL-17+ CD4+ T cells.
+*Nicotine administration up-regulated the expressions of α7, α4, and β2 nAChRs in the prefrontal cortex in BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J mice.
+*The current results indicate that nAChRs play a significant role, at least in part, in ASD and might serve as a crucial target for therapeutic interventions in ASD.
+**Citation: AlSharari, S.D., Mahmood, H.M., Alasmari, A.F. et al. Nicotine Attenuates Molecular Signalings in the BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J Mouse Model of Autism. Mol Neurobiol (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-025-04894-6
+***Acknowledgement: Researchers Supporting Project number (RSPD2025R829), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
-* Nicotinic receptors are distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous system. Postmortem studies have reported that some nicotinic receptor subtypes are altered in the brains of autistic people.
+===2020: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32691528/ The Role of Nicotinic Receptors in the Attenuation of Autism-Related Behaviors in a Murine BTBR T + tf/J Autistic Model]===
-* Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the autistic behavior of BTBR T + tf/J mouse model of autism. This study was undertaken to examine the behavioral effects of targeted nAChRs using pharmacological ligands, including nicotine and mecamylamine in BTBR T + tf/J and C57BL/6J mice in a panel of behavioral tests relating to autism.
+*Animal Study
-* Overall, the findings indicate that the pharmacological modulation of nicotinic receptors is involved in modulating core behavioral phenotypes in the BTBR T + tf/J mouse model.
+*Nicotinic receptors are distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous system. Postmortem studies have reported that some nicotinic receptor subtypes are altered in the brains of autistic people.
-* LAY SUMMARY: The involvement of brain nicotinic neurotransmission system plays a crucial role in regulating autism-related behavioral features. In addition, the brain of the autistic-like mouse model has a low acetylcholine level. Here, we report that nicotine, at certain doses, improved sociability and reduced repetitive behaviors in a mouse model of autism, implicating the potential therapeutic values of a pharmacological intervention targeting nicotinic receptors for autism therapy.
+*Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the autistic behavior of BTBR T + tf/J mouse model of autism. This study was undertaken to examine the behavioral effects of targeted nAChRs using pharmacological ligands, including nicotine and mecamylamine in BTBR T + tf/J and C57BL/6J mice in a panel of behavioral tests relating to autism.
-* Mouse study, may not explain human response
+*Overall, the findings indicate that the pharmacological modulation of nicotinic receptors is involved in modulating core behavioral phenotypes in the BTBR T + tf/J mouse model.
-* Autism Research 2020 Aug;13(8):1311-1334  doi: 10.1002/aur.2342. Epub 2020 Jul 21.
+*LAY SUMMARY: The involvement of brain nicotinic neurotransmission system plays a crucial role in regulating autism-related behavioral features. In addition, the brain of the autistic-like mouse model has a low acetylcholine level. Here, we report that nicotine, at certain doses, improved sociability and reduced repetitive behaviors in a mouse model of autism, implicating the potential therapeutic values of a pharmacological intervention targeting nicotinic receptors for autism therapy.
+*[https://sci-hub.st/10.1002/aur.2342 PDF Full paper]
+**Citation: Mahmood HM, Aldhalaan HM, Alshammari TK, Alqasem MA, Alshammari MA, Albekairi NA, AlSharari SD. The Role of Nicotinic Receptors in the Attenuation of Autism-Related Behaviors in a Murine BTBR T + tf/J Autistic Model. Autism Res. 2020 Aug;13(8):1311-1334. doi: 10.1002/aur.2342. Epub 2020 Jul 21. PMID: 32691528.
+***Acknowledgement: The authors would like to thank the support from the Center for Autism Research (CFAR), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSHRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
-===2018 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6394231/ An Exploratory Trial of Transdermal Nicotine for Aggression and Irritability in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder]===
+===2018: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6394231/ An Exploratory Trial of Transdermal Nicotine for Aggression and Irritability in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder]===
 *Taken together, our study provides evidence for the feasibility and tolerability of [[Special:MyLanguage/Abbreviations|'''transdermal nicotine (TN/TNP)''']] in a small sample of adults with severe [[Special:MyLanguage/Abbreviations|'''Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)''']] symptoms and pathological chronic aggression and irritability.
 *Our results also suggest that TN may have a beneficial effect on aggression, irritability, and sleep in ASD, though the sample size of this study is too small to make definitive conclusions.
 *[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6394231/pdf/nihms-950880.pdf PDF Version]
-*Citation: Lewis AS, van Schalkwyk GI, Lopez MO, Volkmar FR, Picciotto MR, Sukhodolsky DG. An Exploratory Trial of Transdermal Nicotine for Aggression and Irritability in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord. 2018 Aug;48(8):2748-2757. doi: 10.1007/s10803-018-3536-7. PMID: 29536216; PMCID: PMC6394231.
+**Citation: Lewis AS, van Schalkwyk GI, Lopez MO, Volkmar FR, Picciotto MR, Sukhodolsky DG. An Exploratory Trial of Transdermal Nicotine for Aggression and Irritability in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord. 2018 Aug;48(8):2748-2757. doi: 10.1007/s10803-018-3536-7. PMID: 29536216; PMCID: PMC6394231.
-*Acknowledgements: This work was supported by Autism Speaks grant #9699 (ASL), National Institutes of Health grants R01DA14241 and R01MH077681 (MRP), R25MH071584, T32MH019961, and T32MH14276 (ASL), and the Child Study Center Associates and the AACAP Pilot Award for General Psychiatry Residents (GIvS).
+***Acknowledgements: This work was supported by Autism Speaks grant #9699 (ASL), National Institutes of Health grants R01DA14241 and R01MH077681 (MRP), R25MH071584, T32MH019961, and T32MH14276 (ASL), and the Child Study Center Associates and the AACAP Pilot Award for General Psychiatry Residents (GIvS).
-*Keywords: Nicotine; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor; autism spectrum disorder; aggression; irritability; adult; sleep
 <br>