ENDS EVALI VALI THCVALI: Difference between revisions

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**Citation: Duffy B, Li L, Lu S, Durocher L, Dittmar M, Delaney-Baldwin E, Panawennage D, LeMaster D, Navarette K, Spink D. Analysis of Cannabinoid-Containing Fluids in Illicit Vaping Cartridges Recovered from Pulmonary Injury Patients: Identification of Vitamin E Acetate as a Major Diluent. Toxics. 2020 Jan 24;8(1):8. doi: 10.3390/toxics8010008. PMID: 31991538; PMCID: PMC7151740.

***Acknowledgment: This research received no external funding. The authors gratefully acknowledge use of the Wadsworth Center Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Core Facility.

===2020: [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa1916433 Vitamin E Acetate in Bronchoalveolar-Lavage Fluid Associated with EVALI]===

*BAL fluids were collected from 51 patients with EVALI in 16 states and from 99 healthy participants who were part of an ongoing study of smoking involving nonsmokers, exclusive users of e-cigarettes or vaping products, and exclusive cigarette smokers that was initiated in 2015.

*State and local health departments assigned EVALI case status as confirmed for 25 patients and as probable for 26 patients. Vitamin E acetate was identified in BAL fluid obtained from 48 of 51 case patients (94%) in 16 states but not in such fluid obtained from the healthy comparator group. No other priority toxicants were found in BAL fluid from the case patients or the comparator group, except for coconut oil and limonene, which were found in 1 patient each. Among the case patients for whom laboratory or epidemiologic data were available, 47 of 50 (94%) had detectable tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or its metabolites in BAL fluid or had reported vaping THC products in the 90 days before the onset of illness. Nicotine or its metabolites were detected in 30 of 47 of the case patients (64%).

NOTE: This paper has a comment on [https://pubpeer.com/publications/978008D6973E18B43D08A2995A9EAC PubPeer].

**Citation: Blount, B. C., Karwowski, M. P., Shields, P. G., Morel-Espinosa, M., Valentin-Blasini, L., Gardner, M., Braselton, M., Brosius, C. R., Caron, K. T., Chambers, D., Corstvet, J., Cowan, E., De Jesús, V. R., Espinosa, P., Fernandez, C., Holder, C., Kuklenyik, Z., Kusovschi, J. D., Newman, C., . . . Pirkle, J. L. (2020). Vitamin E acetate in bronchoalveolar-lavage fluid associated with EVALI. New England Journal of Medicine, 382(8), 697–705. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1916433

***Acknowledgment: Supported by a grant (P50CA180908) from the National Cancer Institute and a grant (P30CA016058) from the FDA Center for Tobacco Products; and by Ohio State University Pelotonia Intramural Research.

==Articles, Op-Eds, Blogs, Media==

@@ Line 78: / Line 78: @@
 **Citation: Duffy B, Li L, Lu S, Durocher L, Dittmar M, Delaney-Baldwin E, Panawennage D, LeMaster D, Navarette K, Spink D. Analysis of Cannabinoid-Containing Fluids in Illicit Vaping Cartridges Recovered from Pulmonary Injury Patients: Identification of Vitamin E Acetate as a Major Diluent. Toxics. 2020 Jan 24;8(1):8. doi: 10.3390/toxics8010008. PMID: 31991538; PMCID: PMC7151740.
 ***Acknowledgment: This research received no external funding. The authors gratefully acknowledge use of the Wadsworth Center Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Core Facility.
+===2020: [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa1916433 Vitamin E Acetate in Bronchoalveolar-Lavage Fluid Associated with EVALI]===
+*BAL fluids were collected from 51 patients with EVALI in 16 states and from 99 healthy participants who were part of an ongoing study of smoking involving nonsmokers, exclusive users of e-cigarettes or vaping products, and exclusive cigarette smokers that was initiated in 2015.
+*State and local health departments assigned EVALI case status as confirmed for 25 patients and as probable for 26 patients. Vitamin E acetate was identified in BAL fluid obtained from 48 of 51 case patients (94%) in 16 states but not in such fluid obtained from the healthy comparator group. No other priority toxicants were found in BAL fluid from the case patients or the comparator group, except for coconut oil and limonene, which were found in 1 patient each. Among the case patients for whom laboratory or epidemiologic data were available, 47 of 50 (94%) had detectable tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or its metabolites in BAL fluid or had reported vaping THC products in the 90 days before the onset of illness. Nicotine or its metabolites were detected in 30 of 47 of the case patients (64%).
+NOTE: This paper has a comment on [https://pubpeer.com/publications/978008D6973E18B43D08A2995A9EAC PubPeer].
+**Citation: Blount, B. C., Karwowski, M. P., Shields, P. G., Morel-Espinosa, M., Valentin-Blasini, L., Gardner, M., Braselton, M., Brosius, C. R., Caron, K. T., Chambers, D., Corstvet, J., Cowan, E., De Jesús, V. R., Espinosa, P., Fernandez, C., Holder, C., Kuklenyik, Z., Kusovschi, J. D., Newman, C., . . . Pirkle, J. L. (2020). Vitamin E acetate in bronchoalveolar-lavage fluid associated with EVALI. New England Journal of Medicine, 382(8), 697–705. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1916433
+***Acknowledgment: Supported by a grant (P50CA180908) from the National Cancer Institute and a grant (P30CA016058) from the FDA Center for Tobacco Products; and by Ohio State University Pelotonia Intramural Research.
 ==Articles, Op-Eds, Blogs, Media==