Copd: Difference between revisions

Line 82:

===2018: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5799303/ In vitro RNA-seq-based toxicogenomics assessment shows reduced biological effect of tobacco heating products when compared to cigarette smoke]===

*The relationship between the identified RNA features and gene ontologies were mapped showing a strong association with stress response, xenobiotics metabolism, and COPD-related terms for 3R4F [combustible cigarette]. In contrast, fewer ontologies were found enriched for the THPs [heated tobacco product] aerosols. “Response to wounding” was a common COPD-related term over-represented for the two THPs but at a reduced significance. Quantification of a cytokine panel post-exposure confirmed a pro-inflammatory effect of cigarette smoke but not for THPs. In conclusion, THPs have a reduced impact on gene expression compared to 3R4F.

===2018: NASEM report on E-Cig Health Effects evaluates the available evidence of health effects related to the use of E-cigarettes: [http://Public%20Health%20Consequences%20of%20E-Cigarettes Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes]===

*[https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24952/public-health-consequences-of-e-cigarettes Report At A Glance]: Comparisons of using e-cigarettes vs smoking:

**There is conclusive evidence that completely substituting e-cigarettes for combustible tobacco cigarettes reduces users’ exposure to numerous toxicants and carcinogens present in combustible tobacco cigarettes.

**There is substantial evidence that except for nicotine, under typical conditions of use, exposure to potentially toxic substances from e-cigarettes is significantly lower compared with combustible tobacco cigarettes.

**There is substantial evidence that completely switching from regular use of combustible tobacco cigarettes to e-cigarettes results in reduced short-term adverse health outcomes in several organ systems.

**There is moderate evidence that risk and severity of dependence are lower for e-cigarettes than combustible tobacco cigarettes.

**There is moderate evidence from randomized controlled trials that e-cigarettes with nicotine are more effective than e-cigarettes without nicotine for smoking cessation.

**While the overall evidence from observational trials is mixed, there is moderate evidence from observational studies that more frequent use of e-cigarettes is associated with an increased likelihood of cessation.

**There is moderate evidence that second-hand exposure to nicotine and particulates is lower from e-cigarettes compared with combustible tobacco cigarettes.

**There is limited evidence for improvement in lung function and respiratory symptoms among adult smokers with asthma who switch to e-cigarettes completely or in part (dual use).

**There is limited evidence for reduction of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations among adult smokers with COPD who switch to e-cigarettes completely or in part (dual use).

**There is limited evidence suggesting that switching to e-cigarettes will improve periodontal disease in smokers.

===2017: [https://www.dovepress.com/e-cigarettes-in-patients-with-copd-current-perspectives-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-COPD E-cigarettes in patients with COPD: current perspectives]===

@@ Line 82: / Line 82: @@
 ===2018: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5799303/ In vitro RNA-seq-based toxicogenomics assessment shows reduced biological effect of tobacco heating products when compared to cigarette smoke]===
 *The relationship between the identified RNA features and gene ontologies were mapped showing a strong association with stress response, xenobiotics metabolism, and COPD-related terms for 3R4F [combustible cigarette]. In contrast, fewer ontologies were found enriched for the THPs [heated tobacco product] aerosols. “Response to wounding” was a common COPD-related term over-represented for the two THPs but at a reduced significance. Quantification of a cytokine panel post-exposure confirmed a pro-inflammatory effect of cigarette smoke but not for THPs. In conclusion, THPs have a reduced impact on gene expression compared to 3R4F.
+===2018: NASEM report on E-Cig Health Effects evaluates the available evidence of health effects related to the use of E-cigarettes: [http://Public%20Health%20Consequences%20of%20E-Cigarettes Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes]===
+*[https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24952/public-health-consequences-of-e-cigarettes Report At A Glance]: Comparisons of using e-cigarettes vs smoking:
+**There is conclusive evidence that completely substituting e-cigarettes for combustible tobacco cigarettes reduces users’ exposure to numerous toxicants and carcinogens present in combustible tobacco cigarettes.
+**There is substantial evidence that except for nicotine, under typical conditions of use, exposure to potentially toxic substances from e-cigarettes is significantly lower compared with combustible tobacco cigarettes.
+**There is substantial evidence that completely switching from regular use of combustible tobacco cigarettes to e-cigarettes results in reduced short-term adverse health outcomes in several organ systems.
+**There is moderate evidence that risk and severity of dependence are lower for e-cigarettes than combustible tobacco cigarettes.
+**There is moderate evidence from randomized controlled trials that e-cigarettes with nicotine are more effective than e-cigarettes without nicotine for smoking cessation.
+**While the overall evidence from observational trials is mixed, there is moderate evidence from observational studies that more frequent use of e-cigarettes is associated with an increased likelihood of cessation.
+**There is moderate evidence that second-hand exposure to nicotine and particulates is lower from e-cigarettes compared with combustible tobacco cigarettes.
+**There is limited evidence for improvement in lung function and respiratory symptoms among adult smokers with asthma who switch to e-cigarettes completely or in part (dual use).
+**There is limited evidence for reduction of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations among adult smokers with COPD who switch to e-cigarettes completely or in part (dual use).
+**There is limited evidence suggesting that switching to e-cigarettes will improve periodontal disease in smokers.
 ===2017: [https://www.dovepress.com/e-cigarettes-in-patients-with-copd-current-perspectives-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-COPD E-cigarettes in patients with COPD: current perspectives]===