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== Disposable Vapes == | |||
=== 2024: [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033350623005036 Who would be affected by a ban on disposable vapes? A population study in Great Britain] === | |||
* We used a nationally representative survey of ~70,000 adults in the general population in Great Britain (the Smoking Toolkit Study) to describe trends in disposable e-cigarette use since 2021, establish the number who would currently be affected by a ban on disposables, and assess their sociodemographic and smoking profile. | |||
* Our data show that while disposable vapes are particularly popular among young adults, they are also used by a large number of current smokers and ex-smokers and by people from disadvantaged groups – including those with a history of mental health conditions and working in lower paid jobs. | |||
* These findings suggest banning disposable vapes isn’t a straightforward solution to stop young people from vaping. It could also have unintended consequences for smokers, including discouraging people from using e-cigarettes to try to quit smoking or triggering relapse among those who have already used disposables to quit. It may also worsen health inequalities. We suggest these trade-offs should be carefully considered when making decisions around banning disposables. | |||
* Sarah E. Jackson, Harry Tattan-Birch, Lion Shahab, Melissa Oldham, Dimitra Kale, Leonie Brose, Jamie Brown | |||
* Public Health https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2023.12.024 Received 26 October 2023, Revised 19 December 2023, Accepted 20 December 2023, Available online 24 January 2024.<br /> | |||
=Dual Use= | =Dual Use= | ||
===2023: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38192585/ Varenicline for smoking cessation in individuals who smoke cigarettes and use electronic cigarettes: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial]=== | |||
*Our findings indicate that inclusion of varenicline in a cessation programme for adults who smoke and use e-cigarettes with an intention to quit smoking could result in smoking abstinence without serious adverse events. In the absence of evidence from other smoking cessation methods, it could be useful to suggest the use of varenicline in cessation programmes specifically designed to help dual users stop smoking. | |||
*Caponnetto P, Spicuzza L, Campagna D, Ahluwalia JS, Russell C, Maglia M, Riela PM, Longo CF, Caci G, Quattropani MC, Signorelli MS, Polosa R. Varenicline for smoking cessation in individuals who smoke cigarettes and use electronic cigarettes: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. EClinicalMedicine. 2023 Nov 21;66:102316. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102316. PMID: 38192585; PMCID: PMC10772233. | |||
===2021: [https://www.clivebates.com/documents/NLFlavoursResponseJan2021.pdf Regulation of e-cigarette flavours – a response]=== | ===2021: [https://www.clivebates.com/documents/NLFlavoursResponseJan2021.pdf Regulation of e-cigarette flavours – a response]=== | ||
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**Proposes an illiberal policy and fails to recognise a major global public health opportunity. | **Proposes an illiberal policy and fails to recognise a major global public health opportunity. | ||
*Acknowledgement: We confirm that signatories report no conflicts with respect to FCTC Article 5.3 and no financial conflicts of interest with respect to tobacco or e-cigarette companies under the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICJME) reporting standard. | *Acknowledgement: We confirm that signatories report no conflicts with respect to FCTC Article 5.3 and no financial conflicts of interest with respect to tobacco or e-cigarette companies under the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICJME) reporting standard. | ||
===2020 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33086157/ A comparison of product dependence among cigarette only, ENDS only, and dual users: Findings from Wave 3 (2015-2016) of the PATH study]=== | ===2020 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33086157/ A comparison of product dependence among cigarette only, ENDS only, and dual users: Findings from Wave 3 (2015-2016) of the PATH study]=== | ||
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*Citation: Rhoades DA, Comiford AL, Dvorak JD, Ding K, Hopkins M, Spicer P, Wagener TL, Doescher MP. Vaping patterns, nicotine dependence and reasons for vaping among American Indian dual users of cigarettes and electronic cigarettes. BMC Public Health. 2019 Sep 2;19(1):1211. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7523-5. PMID: 31477072; PMCID: PMC6721166. | *Citation: Rhoades DA, Comiford AL, Dvorak JD, Ding K, Hopkins M, Spicer P, Wagener TL, Doescher MP. Vaping patterns, nicotine dependence and reasons for vaping among American Indian dual users of cigarettes and electronic cigarettes. BMC Public Health. 2019 Sep 2;19(1):1211. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7523-5. PMID: 31477072; PMCID: PMC6721166. | ||
*Acknowledgement: Grants from the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health (P20CA202921 to University of Oklahoma, and 5P20CA202923 to Cherokee Nation) supported this study. | *Acknowledgement: Grants from the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health (P20CA202921 to University of Oklahoma, and 5P20CA202923 to Cherokee Nation) supported this study. | ||
===2019: [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10826084.2019.1626435?journalCode=isum20 Young adult dual combusted cigarette and e-cigarette users’ anticipated responses to hypothetical e-cigarette market restrictions]=== | ===2019: [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10826084.2019.1626435?journalCode=isum20 Young adult dual combusted cigarette and e-cigarette users’ anticipated responses to hypothetical e-cigarette market restrictions]=== | ||
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*Citation:: Lauren R. Pacek, Olga Rass, Maggie M. Sweitzer, Jason A. Oliver & F. Joseph McClernon (2019): Young adult dual combusted cigarette and e-cigarette users’ anticipated responses to hypothetical e-cigarette market restrictions, Substance Use & Misuse, DOI:10.1080/10826084.2019.1626435 | *Citation:: Lauren R. Pacek, Olga Rass, Maggie M. Sweitzer, Jason A. Oliver & F. Joseph McClernon (2019): Young adult dual combusted cigarette and e-cigarette users’ anticipated responses to hypothetical e-cigarette market restrictions, Substance Use & Misuse, DOI:10.1080/10826084.2019.1626435 | ||
*Acklnowledgement: This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (K01DA043413, K23DA039294, and K23DA042898). The funding source had no other role other than financial support. | *Acklnowledgement: This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (K01DA043413, K23DA039294, and K23DA042898). The funding source had no other role other than financial support. | ||
===2018 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6324349/ Comparison of Nicotine and Toxicant Exposure in Users of Electronic Cigarettes and Combustible Cigarettes]=== | ===2018 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6324349/ Comparison of Nicotine and Toxicant Exposure in Users of Electronic Cigarettes and Combustible Cigarettes]=== | ||
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*Citation: Yang, Y., Lindblom, E. N., Salloum, R. G., & Ward, K. D. (2020). The impact of a comprehensive tobacco product flavor ban in San Francisco among young adults. Addictive Behaviors Reports, 11, 100273. doi:10.1016/j.abrep.2020.100273 | *Citation: Yang, Y., Lindblom, E. N., Salloum, R. G., & Ward, K. D. (2020). The impact of a comprehensive tobacco product flavor ban in San Francisco among young adults. Addictive Behaviors Reports, 11, 100273. doi:10.1016/j.abrep.2020.100273 | ||
*Acknowledgement: This research was supported by the National Institute of Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health (R03DA048460). | *Acknowledgement: This research was supported by the National Institute of Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health (R03DA048460). | ||
===2019: [https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/full/10.1513/AnnalsATS.201906-472OC Changes in Flavor Preference in a Cohort of Long-Term Electronic Cigarette Users]=== | ===2019: [https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/full/10.1513/AnnalsATS.201906-472OC Changes in Flavor Preference in a Cohort of Long-Term Electronic Cigarette Users]=== | ||
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*Citation: Ann Am Thorac Soc Vol 17, No 5, pp 573–581, May 2020, Copyright © 2020 by the American Thoracic Society, DOI: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201906-472OC | *Citation: Ann Am Thorac Soc Vol 17, No 5, pp 573–581, May 2020, Copyright © 2020 by the American Thoracic Society, DOI: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201906-472OC | ||
*Acknowledgement: Supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Center for Tobacco Products of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (P50-DA-036107) for the Penn State Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science. | *Acknowledgement: Supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Center for Tobacco Products of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (P50-DA-036107) for the Penn State Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science. | ||
===2019: [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306460318311821 The role of flavors in vaping initiation and satisfaction among U.S. adults]=== | ===2019: [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306460318311821 The role of flavors in vaping initiation and satisfaction among U.S. adults]=== | ||
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*Citation: Russell C, McKeganey N, Dickson T, Nides M. Changing patterns of first e-cigarette flavor used and current flavors used by 20,836 adult frequent e-cigarette users in the USA. Harm Reduct J. 2018 Jun 28;15(1):33. doi: 10.1186/s12954-018-0238-6. PMID: 29954412; PMCID: PMC6022703. | *Citation: Russell C, McKeganey N, Dickson T, Nides M. Changing patterns of first e-cigarette flavor used and current flavors used by 20,836 adult frequent e-cigarette users in the USA. Harm Reduct J. 2018 Jun 28;15(1):33. doi: 10.1186/s12954-018-0238-6. PMID: 29954412; PMCID: PMC6022703. | ||
*Acknowledgements: The authors are grateful to Julie Woessner and Alex Clark (Consumer Advocates for Smoke-free Alternatives Association), Stefan Didak and Danielle Bloss (Not Blowing Smoke), Gregory Conley (American Vaping Association), Cynthia Cabrera (Cating Group), and the Board of the Smoke-Free Alternatives Trade Association, without whose assistance this study would not have been possible. Fontem Ventures, a company that makes e-cigarettes, and a wholly owned subsidiary of Imperial Brands PLC provided funding for this study. | *Acknowledgements: The authors are grateful to Julie Woessner and Alex Clark (Consumer Advocates for Smoke-free Alternatives Association), Stefan Didak and Danielle Bloss (Not Blowing Smoke), Gregory Conley (American Vaping Association), Cynthia Cabrera (Cating Group), and the Board of the Smoke-Free Alternatives Trade Association, without whose assistance this study would not have been possible. Fontem Ventures, a company that makes e-cigarettes, and a wholly owned subsidiary of Imperial Brands PLC provided funding for this study. | ||
===2018: [https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/28/2/168 Should flavours be banned in cigarettes and e-cigarettes? Evidence on adult smokers and recent quitters from a discrete choice experiment]=== | ===2018: [https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/28/2/168 Should flavours be banned in cigarettes and e-cigarettes? Evidence on adult smokers and recent quitters from a discrete choice experiment]=== | ||
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*Citation:Buckell J, Marti J, Sindelar JLShould flavours be banned in cigarettes and e-cigarettes? Evidence on adult smokers and recent quitters from a discrete choice experimentTobacco Control 2019;28:168-175. | *Citation:Buckell J, Marti J, Sindelar JLShould flavours be banned in cigarettes and e-cigarettes? Evidence on adult smokers and recent quitters from a discrete choice experimentTobacco Control 2019;28:168-175. | ||
*Acknowledgement: Research reported in this publication was supported by grant number P50DA036151 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and FDA Center for Tobacco Products (CTP). | *Acknowledgement: Research reported in this publication was supported by grant number P50DA036151 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and FDA Center for Tobacco Products (CTP). | ||
===2017: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5800112/ Differences between Dual Users and Switchers Center around Vaping Behavior and Its Experiences Rather than Beliefs and Attitudes]=== | ===2017: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5800112/ Differences between Dual Users and Switchers Center around Vaping Behavior and Its Experiences Rather than Beliefs and Attitudes]=== | ||
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*Citation: Litt MD, Duffy V, Oncken C. Cigarette smoking and electronic cigarette vaping patterns as a function of e-cigarette flavourings, Tobacco Control 2016;25:ii67-ii72. | *Citation: Litt MD, Duffy V, Oncken C. Cigarette smoking and electronic cigarette vaping patterns as a function of e-cigarette flavourings, Tobacco Control 2016;25:ii67-ii72. | ||
*Acknowledgement: Support for this project was provided by Grant 1 R01 DA036492 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse, and in part by General Clinical Research Center Grant M01-RR06192 from the National Institutes of Health. | *Acknowledgement: Support for this project was provided by Grant 1 R01 DA036492 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse, and in part by General Clinical Research Center Grant M01-RR06192 from the National Institutes of Health. | ||
===2015: [https://academic.oup.com/ntr/article-abstract/17/10/1255/1028251?redirectedFrom=fulltext The Impact of Flavor Descriptors on Nonsmoking Teens’ and Adult Smokers’ Interest in Electronic Cigarettes]=== | ===2015: [https://academic.oup.com/ntr/article-abstract/17/10/1255/1028251?redirectedFrom=fulltext The Impact of Flavor Descriptors on Nonsmoking Teens’ and Adult Smokers’ Interest in Electronic Cigarettes]=== | ||
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*Citation: Saul Shiffman, PhD, Mark A Sembower, MS, Janine L Pillitteri, PhD, Karen K Gerlach, PhD, MPH, Joseph G Gitchell, BA, The Impact of Flavor Descriptors on Nonsmoking Teens’ and Adult Smokers’ Interest in Electronic Cigarettes, Nicotine & Tobacco Research, Volume 17, Issue 10, October 2015, Pages 1255–1262, doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntu333 | *Citation: Saul Shiffman, PhD, Mark A Sembower, MS, Janine L Pillitteri, PhD, Karen K Gerlach, PhD, MPH, Joseph G Gitchell, BA, The Impact of Flavor Descriptors on Nonsmoking Teens’ and Adult Smokers’ Interest in Electronic Cigarettes, Nicotine & Tobacco Research, Volume 17, Issue 10, October 2015, Pages 1255–1262, doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntu333 | ||
*Acknowledgement: This work was supported by NJOY, a company that markets electronic cigarettes, but does not make or sell any combustible tobacco products. All authors work for Pinney Associates and provide consulting services to GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare on their stop-smoking medications and to NJOY, Inc. on electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). SS and JGG also own an interest in a novel nicotine medication in development. The study sponsor was involved in discussion of the study design, but had no role in study execution, data collection, data analysis, or writing of the manuscript, nor did the sponsor review the manuscript prior to submission. | *Acknowledgement: This work was supported by NJOY, a company that markets electronic cigarettes, but does not make or sell any combustible tobacco products. All authors work for Pinney Associates and provide consulting services to GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare on their stop-smoking medications and to NJOY, Inc. on electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). SS and JGG also own an interest in a novel nicotine medication in development. The study sponsor was involved in discussion of the study design, but had no role in study execution, data collection, data analysis, or writing of the manuscript, nor did the sponsor review the manuscript prior to submission. | ||
===2015: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4808473/ Preferred Flavors and Reasons for E-cigarette Use and Discontinued Use Among Never, Current, and Former Smokers]=== | ===2015: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4808473/ Preferred Flavors and Reasons for E-cigarette Use and Discontinued Use Among Never, Current, and Former Smokers]=== | ||
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*Citation: Gentry, S.V., Ward, E., Dawkins, L. et al. Reported patterns of vaping to support long-term abstinence from smoking: a cross-sectional survey of a convenience sample of vapers. Harm Reduct J 17, 70 (2020). doi:10.1186/s12954-020-00418-8 | *Citation: Gentry, S.V., Ward, E., Dawkins, L. et al. Reported patterns of vaping to support long-term abstinence from smoking: a cross-sectional survey of a convenience sample of vapers. Harm Reduct J 17, 70 (2020). doi:10.1186/s12954-020-00418-8 | ||
*Acknowledgement: This research was funded by Cancer Research UK (CRUK), Grant Number C54889/A22732. | *Acknowledgement: This research was funded by Cancer Research UK (CRUK), Grant Number C54889/A22732. | ||
===2016: [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/add.13299 Protocol proposal for, and evaluation of, consistency in nicotine delivery from the liquid to the aerosol of electronic cigarettes atomizers: regulatory implications]=== | ===2016: [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/add.13299 Protocol proposal for, and evaluation of, consistency in nicotine delivery from the liquid to the aerosol of electronic cigarettes atomizers: regulatory implications]=== | ||
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*Perceived EC dependency was significantly lower compared to smoking. | *Perceived EC dependency was significantly lower compared to smoking. | ||
*[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.4137/SART.S12756 PDF Version] | *[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.4137/SART.S12756 PDF Version] | ||
===2013: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22529223/ Nicotine levels in electronic cigarettes]=== | ===2013: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22529223/ Nicotine levels in electronic cigarettes]=== | ||
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=Race / Ethnic / Socioeconomic / Education= | =Race / Ethnic / Socioeconomic / Education / Genetic= | ||
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*Acknowledgement: The review is part of a project funded by Cancer Research UK. The award number is: C55561/A21553. | *Acknowledgement: The review is part of a project funded by Cancer Research UK. The award number is: C55561/A21553. | ||
=== 2019: [https://bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/prp2.468 Nicotine oxidation by genetic variants of CYP2B6 and in human brain microsomes] === | |||
* Tobacco consumption and liability to nicotine dependence are heritable traits. One clearly implicated pathway is the C-oxidation of nicotine to nicotine iminium ion and subsequently to cotinine by CYP2A6, one of three nicotine metabolism pathways. | |||
* Common variation in the ''CYP2B6'' gene, encoding the cytochrome P450 2B6 enzyme, is associated with substrate-specific altered clearance of multiple drugs. CYP2B6 is a minor contributor to hepatic nicotine metabolism, but the enzyme has been proposed as relevant to nicotine-related behaviors because of reported ''CYP2B6'' mRNA expression in human brain tissue. | |||
* Human cell study | |||
* Adam Joseph Bloom, Pan-Fen Wang, Evan D. Kharasch First published: 11 March 2019 | |||
* This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health grants K01DA034035, R01DA14211 and R01DA25931. | |||
===2019: [https://academic.oup.com/ntr/article/21/10/1363/5039191?login=true Socioeconomic Disparities in Electronic Cigarette Use and Transitions from Smoking]=== | ===2019: [https://academic.oup.com/ntr/article/21/10/1363/5039191?login=true Socioeconomic Disparities in Electronic Cigarette Use and Transitions from Smoking]=== | ||
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*Citation: Harlow AF, Stokes A, Brooks DR. Socioeconomic and Racial/Ethnic Differences in E-Cigarette Uptake Among Cigarette Smokers: Longitudinal Analysis of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study. Nicotine Tob Res. 2019;21(10):1385-1393. doi:10.1093/ntr/nty141 | *Citation: Harlow AF, Stokes A, Brooks DR. Socioeconomic and Racial/Ethnic Differences in E-Cigarette Uptake Among Cigarette Smokers: Longitudinal Analysis of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study. Nicotine Tob Res. 2019;21(10):1385-1393. doi:10.1093/ntr/nty141 | ||
*Acknowledgement: Research was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health and the Center for Tobacco Products under Award Number P50HL120163. | *Acknowledgement: Research was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health and the Center for Tobacco Products under Award Number P50HL120163. | ||
===2016: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5086748/?report=classic Racial/Ethnic Differences in Electronic Cigarette Use and Reasons for Use among Current and Former Smokers: Findings from a Community-Based Sample]=== | ===2016: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5086748/?report=classic Racial/Ethnic Differences in Electronic Cigarette Use and Reasons for Use among Current and Former Smokers: Findings from a Community-Based Sample]=== | ||
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=Regulations (not including taxes)= | =Regulations (not including taxes)= | ||
===2023: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37452656/ Impacts of EU Tobacco Products Directive regulations on use of e-cigarettes in adolescents in Great Britain: a natural experiment evaluation.]=== | |||
===2021: [https://www.clivebates.com/documents/NLFlavoursResponseJan2021.pdf Regulation of e-cigarette flavours – a response]=== | * Moore G, Hallingberg B, Brown R, McKell J, Van Godwin J, Bauld L, Gray L, Maynard O, Mackintosh AM, Munafò M, Blackwell A, Lowthian E, Page N. Public Health Res (Southampt). 2023 Jun;11(5):1-102. doi: 10.3310/WTMH3198. PMID: 37452656 | ||
* A report on the impacts of the EU Tobacco Products Directive (TPD) on youth e-cigarette use in Great Britain, with special focus on testing the renormalization hypothesis (a specific version of ‘gateway’ in which the effect is hypothesized to occur through the mechanism of social norms). This report examines national survey data of youth (aged 13-15) from England, Scotland, and Wales, using an interrupted time series analysis of TPD regulations. | |||
** '''''Results:''''' ''Ever smoking continued to decline alongside the emergence of e-cigarettes, with a slight slowing in decline for regular use… Young people described e-cigarettes as a fad and indicated limited interaction with components of the [TPD] regulations. In primary statistical analyses in Wales, growth in ever use of e-cigarettes prior to [TPD] regulations did not continue after implementation… Data from England and Scotland exhibited a similar pattern. Smoking followed the opposite pattern, declining prior to the [TPD] regulations, but plateauing as growth in e-cigarette use stalled.'' | |||
* Once again, these data show an inverse relationship between e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking trends, suggesting substitution. Whether or not TPD regulations causally stopped the increase in e-cigarette use is still unresolved to me (i.e., it’s also possible that it was truly a social fad that to some extent burned out on its own). However, this report shows that if the decline in e-cigarette use can be attributed to TPD, then one must face the uncomfortable conclusion that it also stopped the decline in cigarette smoking. | |||
* Regarding the renormalization hypothesis, this is not supported by the data: the proportion of youth who agree with the statements “trying smoking is OK” and “smoking regularly is OK” declined substantially over the time period when e-cigarette use was increasing, which is what the opposite of what the renormalization hypothesis would predict (much like the population-level smoking trends contradict what the gateway hypothesis would predict). This follows other informative work by Britt Hallingberg and colleagues (e.g. here) that also tests – and fails to support – the renormalization hypothesis (which is often assumed by its proponents without citing empirical evidence). | |||
=== 2023: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37161460/ The impact of JUUL market entry on cigarette sales: evidence from a major chain retailer in Canada.] === | |||
* It turns out that despite the hysteria in some quarters, Juul was driving out smoking in Canada. | |||
* Results: Our estimates suggested that JUUL market entry was, on average, significantly correlated with a 1.65% per-month decrease in cigarette sales during the initial months, and with a potentially larger impact on urban areas. Our results were robust across various specifications and tests. These findings implied that JUUL and combustible cigarettes act as economic substitutes during the study time period in Canada. | |||
* Conclusions: These results suggested that local availability of ENDS products, such as JUUL, has the potential to reduce local cigarette consumption. | |||
* Xu Y, Sen A, Chen T, Harris CM, Prakash S. Harm Reduct J. 2023 May 9;20(1):65. doi: 10.1186/s12954-023-00790-1. PMID: 37161460 | |||
=== 2021: [https://www.clivebates.com/documents/NLFlavoursResponseJan2021.pdf Regulation of e-cigarette flavours – a response] === | |||
*Testimony in Netherlands pertaining to a potential flavour / flavor ban. This document responds to the proposed Decree of the State Secretary for Health, Welfare and Sport on the regulation of e-cigarette flavours in the Netherlands. | *Testimony in Netherlands pertaining to a potential flavour / flavor ban. This document responds to the proposed Decree of the State Secretary for Health, Welfare and Sport on the regulation of e-cigarette flavours in the Netherlands. | ||
*Signed by 24 experts from around the world | *Signed by 24 experts from around the world | ||
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*Citation: Hall, W., Gartner, C., & Forlini, C. (2015). Ethical issues raised by a ban on the sale of electronic nicotine devices. Addiction, 110(7), 1061–1067. doi:10.1111/add.12898 | *Citation: Hall, W., Gartner, C., & Forlini, C. (2015). Ethical issues raised by a ban on the sale of electronic nicotine devices. Addiction, 110(7), 1061–1067. doi:10.1111/add.12898 | ||
*Acknowledgement: C.G. is supported by an NHMRC Career Development Award. C.F. is supported by funding from the Australia Research Council for research on the use of stimulant drugs as cognitive enhancers. We would like to thank Sarah Yeates for her assistance in preparing this paper for publication. | *Acknowledgement: C.G. is supported by an NHMRC Career Development Award. C.F. is supported by funding from the Australia Research Council for research on the use of stimulant drugs as cognitive enhancers. We would like to thank Sarah Yeates for her assistance in preparing this paper for publication. | ||
=Taxes= | =Taxes= | ||
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**Keywords | **Keywords | ||
**Other | **Other | ||
=== 2023: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37756034/ Mobile Phone Text Messages to Support People to Stop Smoking by Switching to Vaping: Codevelopment, Coproduction, and Initial Testing Study.] === | |||
* smoking cessation using vaping. Also, an important aspect of this is the 'co-production' of messaging with the affected community. | |||
* This study underscores the potential benefits of co production in health research, including the ability to target community needs, engage community stakeholders, and promote person-centered practices. The co developed mobile phone SMS text message program has the potential to support smokers to quit smoking using a vape. However, the rapidly changing e-cigarette landscape suggests that further research is needed to investigate the effectiveness of the co developed SMS text message program by considering disposable vapes. Despite the aforementioned limitations, the program was perceived as effective by participants in phase 3, highlighting the potential benefits of incorporating community perspectives and expertise in the development of smoking cessation interventions. | |||
* Sideropoulos V, Vangeli E, Naughton F, Cox S, Frings D, Notley C, Brown J, Kimber C, Dawkins L. JMIR Form Res. 2023 Sep 27;7:e49668. doi: 10.2196/49668. PMID: 37756034 | |||
=== 2023: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37561572/ e-Cigarette Use and the Cessation of Tobacco Cigarette Smoking: Protocol for an Umbrella Review.] === | |||
* O'Leary R, Polosa R. JMIR Res Protoc. 2023 Aug 10;12:e47711. doi: 10.2196/47711. PMID: 37561572 | |||
* A protocol for an umbrella review: a systematic review of systematic reviews of ENDS for smoking cessation: | |||
** Methods: The search will retrieve systematic reviews that include both clinical trials and experimental studies on the use of ENDS for smoking cessation. We will also include nonrandomized cohort studies that track ENDS use and the subsequent abstinence from smoking. | |||
** Results: A second-order meta-analysis will calculate the range and average of quit rates for ENDS. A vote counting of the direction of effect, based on quit rates, will be used to present the relative effectiveness of ENDS for smoking cessation compared to other cessation treatments (including no treatment)… A sensitivity analysis will examine the impact of the intensity of cessation treatment on quit rates… Reporting bias will be presented with a tabulation of bias indicators. Publication bias will be assessed. | |||
* Of course we have the excellent Cochrane systematic review [https://www.cochrane.org/CD010216/TOBACCO can-electronic-cigarettes-help-people-stop-smoking-and-do-they-have-any-unwanted-effects-when-used (here)], but there are also other systematic reviews on the topic that don’t necessarily align with the findings of the gold-standard Cochrane one. This umbrella review could be useful in adding another layer to the evidence base, especially since it will be assessing different types of bias. | |||
* This umbrella review also has a novel angle compared to other systematic reviews, because it will include nonrandomized studies as well. Since most randomized studies are done in the context of a medical approach to cessation, they are often (though not always) limited to the minority who actively want to quit smoking soon. While nonrandomized studies have their own limitations, one advantage is that they more often include people who use ENDS as an alternative consumer product rather than as a medical cessation aid, making these studies more relevant to the majority of people who smoke. | |||
* Definitely one to keep an eye on... | |||
=== 2023: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37041075/ Vaping and socioeconomic inequalities in smoking cessation and relapse: a longitudinal analysis of the UK Household Longitudinal Study.] === | |||
* Vaping may help reduce inequalities and reduce stigma. | |||
* Conclusions: Vaping may be especially helpful as a cessation aid for smokers without degree level education and therefore may help reduce inequalities in smoking. Nevertheless, other supports or aids may be needed to reach the most disadvantaged (ie, those with no qualifications) and to help people avoid relapse after cessation, though we did not find clear evidence suggesting that vaping would increase inequalities in relapse. | |||
* Hardie I, Green MJ. Tob Control. 2023 Apr 11:tc-2022-057728. doi: 10.1136/tc-2022-057728. Online ahead of print. PMID: 37041075 | |||
* Human study | |||
=== 2023: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37010872/ Assessment of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems With Cigarette Use and Self-reported Wheezing in the US Adult Population.] === | |||
* In this cohort study, exclusive ENDS use was not associated with an increase in the risk of self-reported wheezing. However, a small increase in risk between ENDS use and wheezing was reported by individuals who use cigarettes. This study adds to the literature about the potential health effects associated with ENDS use. | |||
=== Add to dependance/addiction: 2022: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36480082/ A tale of flawed e-cigarette research undetected by defective peer review process] === | |||
* A plethora of poor-quality studies in the field of e-cigarette science is distorting scientific truth. This is due in part to defective editorial peer review process at scientific Journals of the highest reputation, which often gives voice to misinterpretation and misleading conclusions. This ignites division among tobacco control experts and promotes status quo in public health. The credibility of tobacco research is at stake! | |||
===Add to Dual Use: 2022: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9223631/ Analyzing Trajectories of Acute Cigarette Reduction Post-Introduction of an E-Cigarette Using Ecological Momentary Assessment Data]=== | ===Add to Dual Use: 2022: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9223631/ Analyzing Trajectories of Acute Cigarette Reduction Post-Introduction of an E-Cigarette Using Ecological Momentary Assessment Data]=== | ||
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===[https://www.lungcancerjournal.info/article/S0169-5002(16)30323-3/fulltext Patients with lung cancer: Are electronic cigarettes harmful or useful?]=== | ===2016: [https://www.lungcancerjournal.info/article/S0169-5002(16)30323-3/fulltext Patients with lung cancer: Are electronic cigarettes harmful or useful?]=== | ||
Based on current knowledge, for patients with lung or other forms of cancer who would otherwise continue to smoke, e-cigarettes offer an alternative way to quit smoking while they undergo medical treatment. The option to switch to e-cigarettes should be considered by healthcare practitioners with patients with cancer who would otherwise continue to smoke | *Based on current knowledge, for patients with lung or other forms of cancer who would otherwise continue to smoke, e-cigarettes offer an alternative way to quit smoking while they undergo medical treatment. The option to switch to e-cigarettes should be considered by healthcare practitioners with patients with cancer who would otherwise continue to smoke. | ||
===2019: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6043356/ Electronic cigarette use among patients with cancer: Reasons for use, beliefs, and patient-provider communication]=== | |||
*Patients with cancer who use e-cigarettes have positive attitudes toward these devices and use them to aid in smoking cessation. | |||
=More Information= | =More Information= | ||
*Click on the category link below for more studies by topic on ENDS and Nicotine. | *Click on the category link below for more studies by topic on ENDS and Nicotine. | ||
[[Category:Studies, Surveys, and Papers]] | [[index.php?title=Category:Studies, Surveys, and Papers]] | ||
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