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=How Mistakes Can Happen= | =How Mistakes Can Happen= | ||
===Blog: [https://rodutobaccotruth.blogspot.com/2024/04/are-vape-aerosols-really-toxic.html Are Vape Aerosols Really Toxic?]=== | |||
*Addresses several studies | |||
===2022: [https://reason.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Rodu-Plurphanswat-CrossSec-Studies-IAEM-2022.pdf Cross‑sectional e‑cigarette studies are unreliable without timing of exposure and disease diagnosis]=== | ===2022: [https://reason.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Rodu-Plurphanswat-CrossSec-Studies-IAEM-2022.pdf Cross‑sectional e‑cigarette studies are unreliable without timing of exposure and disease diagnosis]=== | ||
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*"Readers may be interested to know that there is now a comment to the Pierce et al paper from Shiffman and Hannon. The commenters raise questions about the conclusions drawn by the original authors and report alternative analyses of the same dataset." (Gitchell) | *"Readers may be interested to know that there is now a comment to the Pierce et al paper from Shiffman and Hannon. The commenters raise questions about the conclusions drawn by the original authors and report alternative analyses of the same dataset." (Gitchell) | ||
*"To this last point, Pierce and Strong’s response now reports a relevant analysis, and it directly contradicts their assertion in the original paper: they demonstrate that dependence among JUUL users in each age cohort was not different from dependence in users of other ENDS brands (though the trend is evidently for lower dependence among JUUL users)." (Shiffman) | *"To this last point, Pierce and Strong’s response now reports a relevant analysis, and it directly contradicts their assertion in the original paper: they demonstrate that dependence among JUUL users in each age cohort was not different from dependence in users of other ENDS brands (though the trend is evidently for lower dependence among JUUL users)." (Shiffman) | ||
*Referring To: | *Referring To: Pierce JP, Leas EC, Strong DR. Biochemical Validation of Dependence on JUUL and Other E-Cigarettes Among Youth. Pediatrics. 2023 Apr 1;151(4):e2022059158. PMID: 36942497. doi: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2022-059158 | ||
===2022: Comments RE: [https://pubpeer.com/publications/1FF8B75DFC81492DEBC8E214F63098 Consumption of JUUL vs. Other E-Cigarette Brands among U.S. E-Cigarette Users: Evidence from Wave 5 of the PATH Study]=== | |||
*A re-analysis of the data by Foxon & Shiffman (2) revealed that those analyses did not include replicate weights as specified in guidance from the PATH study team. Foxon & Shiffman (2) show that when the above analyses are performed with the replicate weights included, the associations above are statistically non-significant. (Foxon, Shiffman) | |||
**(2) [https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/18/6715 Full Comment] | |||
*Referring to: Wang Y, Duan Z, Weaver SR, Popova L, Spears CA, Ashley DL, Pechacek TF, Eriksen MP, Huang J. Consumption of JUUL vs. Other E-Cigarette Brands among U.S. E-Cigarette Users: Evidence from Wave 5 of the PATH Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(17):10837. [https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710837 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710837] | |||
===2021: Comments RE: [https://pubpeer.com/publications/57A74561DC4B1B43B91E18A95A24A5 Use frequency and symptoms of nicotine dependence among adolescent E-cigarette users: Comparison of JUUL and Non-JUUL users]=== | |||
*In summary, by imputing respondents who reported that they “don’t know” which ENDS brand they used to the non-JUUL group even if they may have used JUUL, and by relying on ‘any’ JUUL use definitions which defined as JUUL users those who “usually” used a different ENDS brand, the original analysis systematically biases against the focal brand (JUUL) being studied. (Foxon, Shiffman) | |||
*In summary, the results of Mantey et al. are invalid, because they were based on a definition of JUUL use that is not justified by the brand information in the 2020 National Youth Tobacco Survey.(Rodu) | |||
*Referring to: Mantey DS, Case KR, Omega-Njemnobi O, Springer AE, Kelder SH. Use frequency and symptoms of nicotine dependence among adolescent E-cigarette users: Comparison of JUUL and Non-JUUL users. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Nov 1;228:109078. Epub 2021 Sep 24. PMID: 34614433; PMCID: PMC8595823. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109078 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109078] | |||
===2019: Comments RE: [https://pubpeer.com/publications/1F7BA5A2DEC4EF71CA4E7F34C69806 Prevalence of vaping and smoking among adolescents in Canada, England, and the United States: repeat national cross sectional surveys]=== | |||
*These (improbable) increases conflict with official data from Statistics Canada that were released shortly after the publication of the paper drawn from the Canadian Community Health Survey, with a representative sample of 65,000. (Bates) | |||
*Referring to: Hammond D, Reid JL, Rynard VL, Fong GT, Cummings KM, McNeill A, Hitchman S, Thrasher JF, Goniewicz ML, Bansal-Travers M, O'Connor R, Levy D, Borland R, White CM. Prevalence of vaping and smoking among adolescents in Canada, England, and the United States: repeat national cross sectional surveys. BMJ. 2019 Jun 20;365:l2219. Erratum in: BMJ. 2020 Jul 10;370:m2579. PMID: 31221636; PMCID: PMC6582265. [https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l2219 doi: 10.1136/bmj.l2219] | |||
===2018: Comments RE: [https://pubpeer.com/publications/58B4D5D27C6A7C45EE3A094D324368 Prevalence and correlates of JUUL use among a national sample of youth and young adults]=== | |||
*The results from this article are uninformative, because the authors did not include simple crosstabs of the raw numbers showing the overlap in current use of ENDS, JUUL and combustible products. They failed to denote current ENDS use in the model for Table two. (Rodu) | |||
*Referring to: Vallone DM, Bennett M, Xiao H, Pitzer L, Hair EC. Prevalence and correlates of JUUL use among a national sample of youth and young adults. Tob Control. 2019 Nov;28(6):603-609. Epub 2018 Oct 29. PMID: 30377241. [https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054693 https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054693] | |||
===2014: Comments RE: [https://sci-hub.wf/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.733 Electronic Cigarettes and Conventional Cigarette Use Among US Adolescents]=== | ===2014: Comments RE: [https://sci-hub.wf/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.733 Electronic Cigarettes and Conventional Cigarette Use Among US Adolescents]=== | ||
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*Referring to: Zhang Z, Jiao Z, Blaha MJ, Osei A, Sidhaye V, Ramanathan M Jr, Biswal S. The Association Between E-Cigarette Use and Prediabetes: Results From the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2016-2018. Am J Prev Med. 2022 Jun;62(6):872-877. [https://www.ajpmonline.org/article/S0749-3797(22)00024-1/fulltext doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.12.009]. Epub 2022 Mar 3. PMID: 35597566. | *Referring to: Zhang Z, Jiao Z, Blaha MJ, Osei A, Sidhaye V, Ramanathan M Jr, Biswal S. The Association Between E-Cigarette Use and Prediabetes: Results From the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2016-2018. Am J Prev Med. 2022 Jun;62(6):872-877. [https://www.ajpmonline.org/article/S0749-3797(22)00024-1/fulltext doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.12.009]. Epub 2022 Mar 3. PMID: 35597566. | ||
==EVALI ( | ==EVALI== | ||
===2022: Comments RE: [https://pubpeer.com/publications/053A4DD87764E36C0B9FF00B260480 Discussions of Flavored ENDS Sales Restrictions: Themes Related to Circumventing Policies on Reddit]=== | |||
*This article incorrectly states, “In the wake of the e-cigarette or vaping use-related lung injury (EVALI) outbreak in September 2019, electronic cigarette manufacturer JUUL voluntarily removed flavored pods aside from tobacco and menthol from the U.S. market” That sentence is false and creates a factually inaccurate and damaging link in a reader’s mind between JUUL products and the 2019 lung injuries (EVALI) when none exists. In fact, Juul Labs reduced its flavor portfolio to tobacco and menthol to combat underage use and the ingredients of JUUL products do not include vitamin E compounds or THC that were primarily linked to EVALI. (Murillo) | |||
*Referring to: Silver N, Kucherlapaty P, Kostygina G, Tran H, Feng M, Emery S, Schillo B. Discussions of Flavored ENDS Sales Restrictions: Themes Related to Circumventing Policies on Reddit. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 23;19(13):7668. PMID: 35805325; PMCID: PMC9266029. [https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137668 doi: 10.3390/ijerph19137668] | |||
==Flavors== | |||
===2022: [https://pubpeer.com/publications/62DEA1F7805686A6D0172A6B69EFFA Levels of menthol, nicotine and cooling agents measured in JUUL products purchased across a three-year period]=== | |||
*The implications made about JUUL products in this study are contradicted by our own contemporaneous and detailed product and manufacturing records and are more readily explained by a methodological artifact that the authors have not fully reported, even after a direct prompt before submitting the manuscript. (Gillman) | |||
**[https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/33/2/e1 Correction to original paper] | |||
*The PubPeer entry from Juul Labs Inc. (JLI) raises a number of serious questions about this research, the research conduct of the authors, and the editorial practices of the journal. (Bates) | |||
*Referring To: Yassine A, El Hage R, El-Hellani A, et al. Levels of menthol, nicotine, and cooling agents measured in JUUL products purchased across a three-year period Tobacco Control 2022;31:s234-s237. [https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2022-057506 https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2022-057506] | |||
===2022: Comments RE: [https://pubpeer.com/publications/053A4DD87764E36C0B9FF00B260480 Discussions of Flavored ENDS Sales Restrictions: Themes Related to Circumventing Policies on Reddit]=== | |||
*This article incorrectly states, “In the wake of the e-cigarette or vaping use-related lung injury (EVALI) outbreak in September 2019, electronic cigarette manufacturer JUUL voluntarily removed flavored pods aside from tobacco and menthol from the U.S. market” That sentence is false and creates a factually inaccurate and damaging link in a reader’s mind between JUUL products and the 2019 lung injuries (EVALI) when none exists. In fact, Juul Labs reduced its flavor portfolio to tobacco and menthol to combat underage use and the ingredients of JUUL products do not include vitamin E compounds or THC that were primarily linked to EVALI. (Murillo) | |||
*Referring to: Silver N, Kucherlapaty P, Kostygina G, Tran H, Feng M, Emery S, Schillo B. Discussions of Flavored ENDS Sales Restrictions: Themes Related to Circumventing Policies on Reddit. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 23;19(13):7668. PMID: 35805325; PMCID: PMC9266029. [https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137668 doi: 10.3390/ijerph19137668] | |||
==Gateway== | ==Gateway== | ||
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===2024: Comments RE: [https://pubpeer.com/publications/EAD2B506813B485178822E76F2377F Association between e-cigarette use and susceptibility to tobacco product use: findings from the 2019 China National Youth Tobacco Survey]=== | ===2024: Comments RE: [https://pubpeer.com/publications/EAD2B506813B485178822E76F2377F Association between e-cigarette use and susceptibility to tobacco product use: findings from the 2019 China National Youth Tobacco Survey]=== | ||
*"Causation vs. association. While the authors are careful in most places to avoid claiming that this association is causal, the authors seem to ultimately conclude in favor of a (causal) gateway hypothesis, which is inappropriate given unmeasured confounding by other “common liability” factors, and the cross-sectional nature of the data." (Selya) | *"Causation vs. association. While the authors are careful in most places to avoid claiming that this association is causal, the authors seem to ultimately conclude in favor of a (causal) gateway hypothesis, which is inappropriate given unmeasured confounding by other “common liability” factors, and the cross-sectional nature of the data." (Selya) | ||
*Referring to: Li S, Zeng X, Di X, Liu S. Association between e-cigarette use and susceptibility to tobacco product use: findings from the 2019 China National Youth Tobacco Survey. Front Public Health. 2024 Jan 15;11:1272680. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38288432/ doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1272680] | *Referring to: Li S, Zeng X, Di X, Liu S. Association between e-cigarette use and susceptibility to tobacco product use: findings from the 2019 China National Youth Tobacco Survey. Front Public Health. 2024 Jan 15;11:1272680. PMID: 38288432; PMCID: PMC10823011 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38288432/ doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1272680] | ||
===2022: Comments RE: [https://pubpeer.com/publications/9F3E9313EAE06ED991EE4834D69C8E Impact of the e-cigarette era on cigarette smoking among youth in the United States: A population-level study]=== | ===2022: Comments RE: [https://pubpeer.com/publications/9F3E9313EAE06ED991EE4834D69C8E Impact of the e-cigarette era on cigarette smoking among youth in the United States: A population-level study]=== | ||
*"The present re-analysis shows that the report of a gateway effect in the NYTS data by Harrell et al. is not supported by these data when appropriate statistical methodology is applied." (Foxon) | *"The present re-analysis shows that the report of a gateway effect in the NYTS data by Harrell et al. is not supported by these data when appropriate statistical methodology is applied." (Foxon) | ||
*Referring to: Harrell MB, Mantey DS, Chen B, Kelder SH, Barrington-Trimis J. Impact of the e-cigarette era on cigarette smoking among youth in the United States: A population-level study. Prev Med. 2022 Nov;164:107265. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10381788/ doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107265] | *Referring to: Harrell MB, Mantey DS, Chen B, Kelder SH, Barrington-Trimis J. Impact of the e-cigarette era on cigarette smoking among youth in the United States: A population-level study. Prev Med. 2022 Nov;164:107265. Epub 2022 Sep 22. PMID: 36152819; PMCID: PMC10381788. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10381788/ doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107265] | ||
==HPHC - Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents== | ==HPHC - Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents== | ||
===2024: Comments RE: [https://www.sciencemediacentre.org/expert-reaction-to-observational-study-of-lead-and-uranium-levels-in-urine-of-teen-vapers/ Biomarkers of metal exposure in adolescent e-cigarette users: correlations with vaping frequency and flavouring]=== | |||
*"More important, to me as a statistician at least, is that this research can’t establish that the higher levels of lead and uranium in the urine of participants who said they vaped more often were actually caused by their vaping." (McConway) | |||
*"No control group (i.e., adolescents without any e-cigarette use) was included in the analysis...This study therefore cannot tell us anything about absolute increase in exposure to heavy metals from e-cigarette use in this population, only about relative exposure among less and more frequent e-cigarette users." (Shahab) | |||
*Referring to: Kochvar A, Hao G, Dai HD Biomarkers of metal exposure in adolescent e-cigarette users: correlations with vaping frequency and flavouring Tobacco Control Published Online First: 29 April 2024. doi: 10.1136/tc-2023-058554 | |||
===2023: Comments RE: [https://pubpeer.com/publications/F7311DC3982D9CD03C060190C9CFCB Arsenic and arsenic species in MOD, POD, and disposable POD electronic cigarette aerosols: a pilot study]=== | ===2023: Comments RE: [https://pubpeer.com/publications/F7311DC3982D9CD03C060190C9CFCB Arsenic and arsenic species in MOD, POD, and disposable POD electronic cigarette aerosols: a pilot study]=== | ||
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**Links to the efforts to have the referenced paper retracted. | **Links to the efforts to have the referenced paper retracted. | ||
*Referring to: Jensen RP, Luo W, Pankow JF, Strongin RM, Peyton DH. Hidden formaldehyde in e-cigarette aerosols. N Engl J Med. 2015 Jan 22;372(4):392-4. [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmc1413069 doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1413069]. PMID: 25607446. | *Referring to: Jensen RP, Luo W, Pankow JF, Strongin RM, Peyton DH. Hidden formaldehyde in e-cigarette aerosols. N Engl J Med. 2015 Jan 22;372(4):392-4. [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmc1413069 doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1413069]. PMID: 25607446. | ||
==Marketing / Social Media== | |||
===2019: Comments RE: [https://www.juullabs.com/study-highlights-influence-of-illegal-compatible-products/ Characterising JUUL-related posts on Instagram]=== | |||
*A recent study in Tobacco Control relating to an analysis of “JUUL-related” Instagram posts contains serious factual errors and mischaracterizations of JUUL Labs’ historical social-media activity, falsely tying the company to the activities of manufacturers of “JUUL compatible” products that we believe are illegally on the market. (JUUL) | |||
* [https://pubpeer.com/publications/B1DD80F0C868A59D609F0B9699E5F9 Additional comments]: In fact, a completely different story emerges from the data as qualified by Juul's statement. This is that FDA's failure to control newly-introduced Juul look-a-likes (which are illegal if introduced after 8 August 2016) is spawning a lawless industry driven by social media and in conflict with Juul's efforts to control sales of its products to youth. The study does not interrogate the underlying reality and I think Juul is right to react strongly. (Bates) | |||
*Referring to: Czaplicki L, Kostygina G, Kim Y, Perks SN, Szczypka G, Emery SL, Vallone D, Hair EC. Characterising JUUL-related posts on Instagram. Tob Control. 2020 Nov;29(6):612-617. Epub 2019 Jul 2. PMID: 31266903. [https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054824 doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054824] | |||
==Multiple Outcomes== | ==Multiple Outcomes== | ||
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===2024: Comments RE: [https://www.ecigarette-research.org/research/index.php/research/2024/281-ecig-disease Population-Based Disease Odds for E-Cigarettes and Dual Use versus Cigarettes]=== | ===2024: Comments RE: [https://www.ecigarette-research.org/research/index.php/research/2024/281-ecig-disease Population-Based Disease Odds for E-Cigarettes and Dual Use versus Cigarettes]=== | ||
*"The study provides zero evidence on any risk associated with e-cigarette use, whether absolute risk or in comparison with smoking. The question that was supposed to be addressed in this metanalysis CANNOT be examined with the studies included in their analysis." (Farsalinos) | *"The study provides zero evidence on any risk associated with e-cigarette use, whether absolute risk or in comparison with smoking. The question that was supposed to be addressed in this metanalysis CANNOT be examined with the studies included in their analysis." (Farsalinos) | ||
*Referring to: Glantz SA, Nguyen N, Oliveira da Silva AL. Population-Based Disease Odds for E-Cigarettes and Dual Use versus Cigarettes. NEJM Evid. 2024 Mar;3(3):EVIDoa2300229. [https://evidence.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/EVIDoa2300229 doi: 10.1056/EVIDoa2300229] | *Referring to: Glantz SA, Nguyen N, Oliveira da Silva AL. Population-Based Disease Odds for E-Cigarettes and Dual Use versus Cigarettes. NEJM Evid. 2024 Mar;3(3):EVIDoa2300229. Epub 2024 Feb 27. PMID: 38411454. [https://evidence.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/EVIDoa2300229 doi: 10.1056/EVIDoa2300229] | ||
===2022: Comments RE: [https://colinmendelsohn.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/Mendelsohn-Wodak-Hall-Borland.-A-critical-analysis-of-Ecigs-and-health-outcomes-systematic-review-of-global-evidence.-DAR-2022.pdf Electronic cigarettes and health outcomes: systematic review of global evidence]=== | ===2022: Comments RE: [https://colinmendelsohn.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/Mendelsohn-Wodak-Hall-Borland.-A-critical-analysis-of-Ecigs-and-health-outcomes-systematic-review-of-global-evidence.-DAR-2022.pdf Electronic cigarettes and health outcomes: systematic review of global evidence]=== | ||
*Contrary to the conclusions of the Banks review, the evidence suggests that vaping nicotine is an effective smoking cessation aid; that vaping is substantially less harmful than smoking tobacco; that vaping is diverting young people away from smoking; and that vaping by smokers is likely to have a major net public health benefit if widely available to adult Australian smokers [https://www.nhmrc.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/attachments/ecigarettes/Electronic_cigarettes_and_health_outcomes_%20systematic_review_of_evidence.pdf Electronic cigarettes and health outcomes: systematic review of global evidence]. Report for the Australian Department of Health. National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Canberra: April 2022. | *Contrary to the conclusions of the Banks review, the evidence suggests that vaping nicotine is an effective smoking cessation aid; that vaping is substantially less harmful than smoking tobacco; that vaping is diverting young people away from smoking; and that vaping by smokers is likely to have a major net public health benefit if widely available to adult Australian smokers. (Mendelsohn) | ||
*Referring to: Banks E, Yazidjoglou A, Brown S, Nguyen M, Martin M, Beckwith K, Daluwatta A, Campbell S, Joshy G. [https://www.nhmrc.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/attachments/ecigarettes/Electronic_cigarettes_and_health_outcomes_%20systematic_review_of_evidence.pdf Electronic cigarettes and health outcomes: systematic review of global evidence]. Report for the Australian Department of Health. National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Canberra: April 2022. | |||
===2022: Comments RE: [https://pubpeer.com/publications/727EA7B64FB27270F20717729D7629 Effects of mango and mint pod-based e-cigarette aerosol inhalation on inflammatory states of the brain, lung, heart, and colon in mice]=== | |||
*Although this new research from Moshensky et al., does add to the scientific literature about previously marketed JUUL products, we believe the conclusions presented in the manuscript are not adequately supported by the study data. In addition, the lack of quantitative data on actual dosing limits the ability to establish relevance to potential human exposures from product use. Furthermore, the lack of a comparison against the effects of tobacco smoke limits the ability to evaluate these study findings in the context of the tobacco product risk continuum, and risk relative to use of combusted cigarettes. (Weil) | |||
*Referring to: Moshensky A, Brand CS, Alhaddad H, Shin J, Masso-Silva JA, Advani I, Gunge D, Sharma A, Mehta S, Jahan A, Nilaad S, Olay J, Gu W, Simonson T, Almarghalani D, Pham J, Perera S, Park K, Al-Kolla R, Moon H, Das S, Byun MK, Shah Z, Sari Y, Heller Brown J, Crotty Alexander LE. Effects of mango and mint pod-based e-cigarette aerosol inhalation on inflammatory states of the brain, lung, heart, and colon in mice. Elife. 2022 Apr 12;11:e67621. PMID: 35411847; PMCID: PMC9005188. [https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.67621 doi: 10.7554/eLife.67621] | |||
==Respiratory== | ==Respiratory== | ||
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<br> | <br> | ||
==Paper: [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jcb.29148 Downregulation of miR-218 by nicotine promotes cell proliferation through targeting CDK6 in non–small cell lung cancer]== | |||
*[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38577886/ Retraction] | |||
*[https://pubpeer.com/publications/D500DE74010B291A7B27CBB9083FEA PubPeer] | |||
==Paper: [https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00253 Characterizing the Chemical Landscape in Commercial E-Cigarette Liquids and Aerosols by Liquid Chromatography–High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry]== | |||
*Comment: [https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00367 Letter to the Editor Regarding Characterizing the Chemical Landscape in Commercial E-Cigarette Liquids and Aerosols by Liquid Chromatography–High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry] | |||
*Response: [https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00414 Response to Letter to the Editor Regarding Characterizing the Chemical Landscape in Commercial E-Cigarette Liquids and Aerosols by Liquid Chromatography–High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry] | |||
==Paper: [https://gh.bmj.com/content/9/2/e013866 Pharmaceuticalisation as the tobacco industry’s endgame]== | |||
*Comment: [https://pubpeer.com/publications/374B1C6D333BD84814E878DF9D1611 Title: Errors in one sentence - oversights or indicators of other problems?] | |||
==[https://www.ecigarette-research.org/research/index.php/whats-new/whatsnew-2015/233-pm A new study reports that e-cigarettes emit toxins to the environment but the authors did not really find any…]== | |||
<br> | |||
[[File:Retracted 2.png|center|]] | [[File:Retracted 2.png|center|]] | ||
edits