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*[https://sci-hub.st/10.1016/j.mehy.2011.04.006 PDF Version] | *[https://sci-hub.st/10.1016/j.mehy.2011.04.006 PDF Version] | ||
*Subramanyam, R. V. (2011). Occurrence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis only on lining mucosa and its relationship to smoking – A possible hypothesis. Medical Hypotheses, 77(2), 185–187. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2011.04.006 | *Subramanyam, R. V. (2011). Occurrence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis only on lining mucosa and its relationship to smoking – A possible hypothesis. Medical Hypotheses, 77(2), 185–187. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2011.04.006 | ||
===2008 [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jnr.21901 Nicotine attenuates iNOS expression and contributes to neuroprotection in a compressive model of spinal cord injury]=== | |||
*Animal Study | |||
*Primary impact to the spinal cord results in stimulation of secondary processes that potentiate the initial trauma. Recent evidence indicates that nicotine can exert potent antioxidant and neuroprotective effects in [[Special:MyLanguage/Abbreviations|'''spinal cord injury (SCI)''']]. | |||
*The results of the present study indicate that [[Special:MyLanguage/Abbreviations|'''iNOS''']] is induced in the early stages of SCI, leading to increased nitration of protein tyrosine residues and potentiation of inflammatory responses. Microglial cells appear to be the main cellular source of iNOS in SCI. In addition, nicotine-induced anti-inflammatory effects in SCI are mediated, at least in part, by the attenuation of iNOS overexpression through the receptor-mediated mechanism. This data may have significant therapeutic implications for the targeting of nicotine receptors in the treatment of compressive spinal cord trauma. | |||
*[https://sci-hub.st/10.1002/jnr.21901 PDF Version] | |||
*Citation: Lee, M.‐Y., Chen, L. and Toborek, M. (2009), Nicotine attenuates iNOS expression and contributes to neuroprotection in a compressive model of spinal cord injury. J. Neurosci. Res., 87: 937-947.doi.org/10.1002/jnr.21901 | |||
*Acknowledgements: This work was supported in part by the Philip Morris External Research Program and the Kentucky Science and Engineering Foundation. | |||
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