ENDS Toxicity / Carcinogenic: Difference between revisions

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=ENDS vs Smoking Tobacco, Heated Tobacco Product/Heat not Burn, or Nicotine Replacement Therapy=

=== 2024 [https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/chemistry/articles/10.3389/fchem.2024.1433626/full Analytical methods and experimental quality in studies targeting carbonyls in electronic cigarette aerosols] ===

* This review highlights the necessity to evaluate the quality of laboratory standards in testing EC emissions to achieve an objective assessment of the risk profile of ECs.

* Since the presence of carbonyl by-products in EC aerosol is concerning, it is important to evaluate the reliability of emission studies quantifying these compounds by verifying their compliance with the following criteria of experimental quality: authors must 1) supply sufficient information on the devices and experimental procedures to allow for potentially reproducing or replicating the experiments, 2) use of appropriate puffing protocols that approach consumer usage as best as possible, 3) use of appropriate analytical methods and 4) usage of blank samples to avoid false positive detection.

* However, the studies exhibited the following experimental flaws:

** Although only five of the 14 studies used blank samples, alternative validation methods have been employed.

** six studies failed the replicability condition by not disclosing sufficient information on the devices and experimental procedures.

* The issues listed above are serious methodological flaws that occur also in many emission studies.

* TL/DR There is a lot that needs to be improved to ensure studies accurately reflect real usage conditions.

* Sussman RA, Sipala FM, Ronsisvalle S and Soulet S, Front. Chem., 09 August 2024 Sec. Analytical Chemistry Volume 12 - 2024 | <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1433626</nowiki>

===2020 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0946672X2030167X?via%3Dihub Association of electronic cigarette use with lead, cadmium, barium, and antimony body burden: NHANES 2015-2016]===

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*This study indicates that EC vapor is significantly less cytotoxic compared to tobacco CS.

*[https://sci-hub.se/10.3109/08958378.2013.793439 PDF Version]

*Citation: Romagna, G., Allifranchini, E., Bocchietto, E., Todeschi, S., Esposito, M., & Farsalinos, K. E. (2013). Cytotoxicity evaluation of electronic cigarette vapor extract on cultured mammalian fibroblasts (ClearStream-LIFE): comparison with tobacco cigarette smoke extract. Inhalation Toxicology, 25(6), 354–361. doi:10.3109/08958378.2013.793439

*Acknowledgement: The study was funded by FlavourArt s.r.l. No author has received any financial compensation for this study. The study was investigator-initiated and investigator-driven. The sponsor had no involvement in the study design, data collection, analysis and interpretation, writing or approving the manuscript and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

*Keywords: Cytotoxicity, electronic cigarette, fibroblasts, in vitro, nicotine, smoking, tobacco harm reduction

=ENDS (without comparison to other products)=

@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 =ENDS vs Smoking Tobacco, Heated Tobacco Product/Heat not Burn, or Nicotine Replacement Therapy= <!--T:2-->
+=== 2024 [https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/chemistry/articles/10.3389/fchem.2024.1433626/full Analytical methods and experimental quality in studies targeting carbonyls in electronic cigarette aerosols] ===
+* This review highlights the necessity to evaluate the quality of laboratory standards in testing EC emissions to achieve an objective assessment of the risk profile of ECs.
+* Since the presence of carbonyl by-products in EC aerosol is concerning, it is important to evaluate the reliability of emission studies quantifying these compounds by verifying their compliance with the following criteria of experimental quality: authors must 1) supply sufficient information on the devices and experimental procedures to allow for potentially reproducing or replicating the experiments, 2) use of appropriate puffing protocols that approach consumer usage as best as possible, 3) use of appropriate analytical methods and 4) usage of blank samples to avoid false positive detection.
+* However, the studies exhibited the following experimental flaws:
+** Although only five of the 14 studies used blank samples, alternative validation methods have been employed.
+** six studies failed the replicability condition by not disclosing sufficient information on the devices and experimental procedures.
+* The issues listed above are serious methodological flaws that occur also in many emission studies.
+* TL/DR There is a lot that needs to be improved to ensure studies accurately reflect real usage conditions.
+* Sussman RA, Sipala FM, Ronsisvalle S and Soulet S, Front. Chem., 09 August 2024 Sec. Analytical Chemistry Volume 12 - 2024 | <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1433626</nowiki>
 ===2020 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0946672X2030167X?via%3Dihub Association of electronic cigarette use with lead, cadmium, barium, and antimony body burden: NHANES 2015-2016]=== <!--T:3-->
@@ Line 303: / Line 312: @@
 *This study indicates that EC vapor is significantly less cytotoxic compared to tobacco CS.
 *[https://sci-hub.se/10.3109/08958378.2013.793439 PDF Version]
 *Citation: Romagna, G., Allifranchini, E., Bocchietto, E., Todeschi, S., Esposito, M., & Farsalinos, K. E. (2013). Cytotoxicity evaluation of electronic cigarette vapor extract on cultured mammalian fibroblasts (ClearStream-LIFE): comparison with tobacco cigarette smoke extract. Inhalation Toxicology, 25(6), 354–361. doi:10.3109/08958378.2013.793439
-*Acknowledgement: The study was funded by FlavourArt s.r.l. No author has received any financial compensation for this study. The study was investigator-initiated and investigator-driven. The sponsor had no involvement in the study design, data collection, analysis and interpretation, writing or approving the manuscript and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
-*Keywords: Cytotoxicity, electronic cigarette, fibroblasts, in vitro, nicotine, smoking, tobacco harm reduction
 =ENDS (without comparison to other products)= <!--T:61-->