Nicotine therapeutic benefits: Difference between revisions
Richardpruen (talk | contribs) →ADD / ADHD / Attention / Cognition: add nicotine improves memory study |
|||
| (39 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
| Line 31: | Line 31: | ||
='''ADD / ADHD / Attention / Cognition'''= | ='''ADD / ADHD / Attention / Cognition'''= | ||
=== 2025 '''[https://academic.oup.com/ntr/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/ntr/ntaf060/8078909 Nicotine improves working memory via augmenting BDNF levels through α7 nAChR: evidence from clinical and pre-clinical studies]''' === | |||
* While smoking has been associated with many negative consequences to human health, one possible benefit is that nicotine could improve cognitive functions. Previous studies have suggested that smoking may influence brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. | |||
* Our research revealed that tobacco product use led to an increase in working memory and human plasma BDNF levels. Furthermore, nicotine was responsible for the elevation in BDNF levels, which showed dose-dependent increases in both serum and the hippocampus, and improved memory performance. | |||
* Animal study (rat) | |||
* ''Yingyan Li, PhD, Xin Li, Yaning Fu, PhD, Wenjun Mou, Zuxin Chen, PhD, Ping Wu, PhD, Fanglin Liu, PhD, Huan Chen, PhD, Hongwei Hou, PhD, Qingyuan Hu, PhD: Nicotine & Tobacco Research'', ntaf060, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf060</nowiki> | |||
===2022 [https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2022.845646/full Tobacco and ADHD: A Role of MAO-Inhibition in Nicotine Dependence and Alleviation of ADHD Symptoms]=== | |||
*"Our review of evidence supports the finding that individuals with ADHD are at greater vulnerability for both initiation and continuation of smoking (both cigarettes, e-cigarettes)." | |||
*"Greater support for a “self-medication” model of ADHD and smoking includes not only nicotine but also MAO-inhibitors as dopamine agonists contained in cigarettes and e-cigarettes." | |||
*Taylor, M. R., Carrasco, K., Carrasco, A., & Basu, A. (2022). Tobacco and ADHD: A Role of MAO-Inhibition in Nicotine Dependence and Alleviation of ADHD Symptoms. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 16, 845646. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.845646 | |||
*Funds for open access publication fees are contributed by the Faculty of Health, University of Canterbury and University of Canterbury library. | |||
===2018 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6018192/ Cognitive Effects of Nicotine: Recent Progress]=== | ===2018 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6018192/ Cognitive Effects of Nicotine: Recent Progress]=== | ||
| Line 66: | Line 79: | ||
*Citation: Alexandra S. Potter, Paul A. Newhouse, Acute nicotine improves cognitive deficits in young adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, Volume 88, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 407-417, ISSN 0091-3057, doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2007.09.014. | *Citation: Alexandra S. Potter, Paul A. Newhouse, Acute nicotine improves cognitive deficits in young adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, Volume 88, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 407-417, ISSN 0091-3057, doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2007.09.014. | ||
*Acknowledgements: This work was supported by: GCRC M01-00109 and Targacept Inc. | *Acknowledgements: This work was supported by: GCRC M01-00109 and Targacept Inc. | ||
===2008 [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2446482/ Transdermal Nicotine in Adult ADHD With Depression and Anxiety]=== | |||
*"This case report neither rules out the placebo effect, nor does it prove that transdermal nicotine is useful in managing adult ADHD with depression and anxiety. However, it does suggest that the beneficial effect of transdermal nicotine may be attributed to biobehavioral pathways common to chronic nicotine withdrawal and ADHD with depression and anxiety. Nicotine agonists and delivery systems may be new treatments for adult ADHD. Larger well-designed studies are warranted to evaluate the therapeutic potential of nicotine delivery systems in otherwise medically stable adults with ADHD accompanied by depression and anxiety. Further exploration of the nicotinic-cholinergic system may also expand our understanding of the neuropsychiatry underlying ADHD." | |||
*Citation: Cocores JA. Transdermal nicotine in adult ADHD with depression and anxiety. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry. 2008;10(3):253-4. doi: 10.4088/pcc.v10n0312f. PMID: 18615164; PMCID: PMC2446482. | |||
*Dr. Cocores reports no financial affiliations or other relationships relevant to the subject of this letter. | |||
===2007 [https://www.academia.edu/2412620/Smoking_to_self_medicate_attentional_and_emotional_dysfunctions Smoking to self-medicate attentional and emotional dysfunctions]=== | ===2007 [https://www.academia.edu/2412620/Smoking_to_self_medicate_attentional_and_emotional_dysfunctions Smoking to self-medicate attentional and emotional dysfunctions]=== | ||
| Line 82: | Line 100: | ||
*[https://sci-hub.st/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.12.011 PDF Version] | *[https://sci-hub.st/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.12.011 PDF Version] | ||
*Citation: D.V. Poltavski, T. Petros, Effects of transdermal nicotine on attention in adult non-smokers with and without attentional deficits, Physiology & Behavior, Volume 87, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 614-624, ISSN 0031-9384, doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.12.011. | *Citation: D.V. Poltavski, T. Petros, Effects of transdermal nicotine on attention in adult non-smokers with and without attentional deficits, Physiology & Behavior, Volume 87, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 614-624, ISSN 0031-9384, doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.12.011. | ||
===2004: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC526783/ Nicotine as Therapy]=== | |||
* Yet few of the horrendous health effects of smoking are traceable to nicotine itself—cigarettes contain nearly 4,000 other compounds that play a role. Until recently, nicotine research has been driven primarily by nicotine's unparalleled power to keep people smoking, rather than its potential therapeutic uses. | |||
* There's a cheap, common, and mostly safe drug, in daily use for centuries by hundreds of millions of people, that only lately has been investigated for its therapeutic potential for a long list of common ills. The list includes Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, depression and anxiety, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and even pain and obesity. | |||
* People with depressive-spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, and adult ADHD tend to smoke heavily, which suggested to researchers that nicotine may soothe their symptoms. Common to all these disorders is a failure of attention, an inability to concentrate on particular stimuli and screen out the rest. Nicotine helps. | |||
* Researchers at the National Institute on Drug Abuse have shown via functional magnetic resonance imaging that nicotine activates specific brain areas during tasks that demand attention | |||
*Citation: Powledge TM. Nicotine as therapy. PLoS Biol. 2004 Nov;2(11):e404. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0020404. Epub 2004 Nov 16. PMID: 15547644; PMCID: PMC526783 | |||
===2003: [https://www.academia.edu/2412608/Is_There_a_Link_Between_Adolescent_Cigarette_Smoking_and_Pharmacotherapy_for_ADHD Is There a Link Between Adolescent Cigarette Smoking and pharmacotherapy for ADHD?]=== | ===2003: [https://www.academia.edu/2412608/Is_There_a_Link_Between_Adolescent_Cigarette_Smoking_and_Pharmacotherapy_for_ADHD Is There a Link Between Adolescent Cigarette Smoking and pharmacotherapy for ADHD?]=== | ||
| Line 110: | Line 135: | ||
*The present study is an acute double-blind crossover administration of nicotine and placebo with smokers (n = 6) and nonsmokers (n = 11) diagnosed with adult ADHD. The drug was delivered via a transdermal patch at a dosage of 7 mg/day for nonsmokers and 21 mg/day for smokers. Results indicate significant clinician-rated global improvement, self-rated vigor and concentration, and improved performance on chronometric measures of attention and timing accuracy. Side effects were minimal. These acute results indicate the need for a longer clinical trial and a comparison with other stimulants in adult ADHD treatment. | *The present study is an acute double-blind crossover administration of nicotine and placebo with smokers (n = 6) and nonsmokers (n = 11) diagnosed with adult ADHD. The drug was delivered via a transdermal patch at a dosage of 7 mg/day for nonsmokers and 21 mg/day for smokers. Results indicate significant clinician-rated global improvement, self-rated vigor and concentration, and improved performance on chronometric measures of attention and timing accuracy. Side effects were minimal. These acute results indicate the need for a longer clinical trial and a comparison with other stimulants in adult ADHD treatment. | ||
*Citation: Conners CK, Levin ED, Sparrow E, Hinton SC, Erhardt D, Meck WH, Rose JE, March J. Nicotine and attention in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Psychopharmacol Bull. 1996;32(1):67-73. PMID: 8927677. | *Citation: Conners CK, Levin ED, Sparrow E, Hinton SC, Erhardt D, Meck WH, Rose JE, March J. Nicotine and attention in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Psychopharmacol Bull. 1996;32(1):67-73. PMID: 8927677. | ||
===Year Unknown: Article: [https://www.adxs.org/en/page/192/nicotine-as-a-medication-for-adhd Nicotine as a medication for ADHD]=== | |||
*Lists references | |||
<br> | <br> | ||
| Line 118: | Line 147: | ||
**Citation: Yang, L., Shen, J., Liu, C. et al. Nicotine rebalances NAD+ homeostasis and improves aging-related symptoms in male mice by enhancing NAMPT activity. Nat Commun 14, 900 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36543-8 | **Citation: Yang, L., Shen, J., Liu, C. et al. Nicotine rebalances NAD+ homeostasis and improves aging-related symptoms in male mice by enhancing NAMPT activity. Nat Commun 14, 900 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36543-8 | ||
***Acknowledgement: This work was supported by grants from Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (KQTD20210811090117032), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine (ZDSYS20200811142401005), CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation (2019DP173024) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior (2017B030301017). | ***Acknowledgement: This work was supported by grants from Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (KQTD20210811090117032), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine (ZDSYS20200811142401005), CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation (2019DP173024) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior (2017B030301017). | ||
='''Akathisia'''= | |||
===1997: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9399378/ Treatment of neuroleptic-induced akathisia with nicotine patches]=== | |||
*We administered 14 mg nicotine patches to 16 patients, all non-smokers, who displayed akathisia from antipsychotic drugs. On single-blind ratings, akathisia appeared significantly reduced on days when patients were wearing the patches as compared to the baseline day. These findings, if confirmed, may help to explain the high rates of tobacco use among psychotic patients, and may suggest avenues for the treatment of akathisia. | |||
*[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s002130050436 PDF Version] | |||
**Citation: Anfang MK, Pope HG Jr. Treatment of neuroleptic-induced akathisia with nicotine patches. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1997 Nov;134(2):153-6. doi: 10.1007/s002130050436. PMID: 9399378. | |||
<br> | |||
='''Alcohol Use Disorder'''= | ='''Alcohol Use Disorder'''= | ||
| Line 216: | Line 253: | ||
='''Aphthous ulcers''' (See also: Behcet's disease)= | ='''Aphthous ulcers''' (See also: Behcet's disease)= | ||
===2015 [https:// | ===2015: [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4387635/ Use of pure nicotine for the treatment of aphthous ulcers]=== | ||
*The theory that nicotine is known as the protective factor is also supported by three case reports, in which aphthous ulcers were prevented or healed while the patients used nicotine replacement materials. | *The theory that nicotine is known as the protective factor is also supported by three case reports, in which aphthous ulcers were prevented or healed while the patients used nicotine replacement materials. | ||
* | *To summarize, the use of pure nicotine in therapeutic forms, seems to be a proper alternative to treat aphthous ulcers; however, there has not been any evidence-based case-control study to prove such claim. | ||
**Citation: Motamedi MR, Golestannejad Z. Use of pure nicotine for the treatment of aphthous ulcers. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2015 Mar-Apr;12(2):197-8. PMID: 25878688; PMCID: PMC4387635. | **Citation: Motamedi MR, Golestannejad Z. Use of pure nicotine for the treatment of aphthous ulcers. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2015 Mar-Apr;12(2):197-8. PMID: 25878688; PMCID: PMC4387635. | ||
===2014: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25584320/ Recurrent aphthous ulcers among tobacco users- hospital based study]=== | |||
*The tobacco consumers have less frequency of aphthous ulceration compared non users. | |||
**Citation: Mohamed S, Janakiram C. Recurrent aphthous ulcers among tobacco users- hospital based study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2014 Nov;8(11):ZC64-LC66. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/10368.5145. Epub 2014 Nov 20. PMID: 25584320; PMCID: PMC4290331. | |||
===2011 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306987711001691?via%3Dihub Occurrence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis only on lining mucosa and its relationship to smoking – A possible hypothesis]=== | ===2011 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306987711001691?via%3Dihub Occurrence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis only on lining mucosa and its relationship to smoking – A possible hypothesis]=== | ||
| Line 235: | Line 276: | ||
**Citation: Atkin PA, Xu X, Thornhill MH. Minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis and smoking: an epidemiological study measuring plasma cotinine. Oral Dis. 2002 May;8(3):173-6. doi: 10.1034/j.1601-0825.2002.01826.x. PMID: 12108762. | **Citation: Atkin PA, Xu X, Thornhill MH. Minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis and smoking: an epidemiological study measuring plasma cotinine. Oral Dis. 2002 May;8(3):173-6. doi: 10.1034/j.1601-0825.2002.01826.x. PMID: 12108762. | ||
===2000 [https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJM200012143432418?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori%3Arid%3Acrossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub++0pubmed Nicotine Patches for Aphthous Ulcers Due to Behçet's Syndrome]=== | ===2000: [https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJM200012143432418?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori%3Arid%3Acrossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub++0pubmed Nicotine Patches for Aphthous Ulcers Due to Behçet's Syndrome]=== | ||
*We describe a woman with Behçet's syndrome characterized by recurrent oral and genital aphthous ulcers, severe eye involvement, and the onset of arthritis at the age of 29 years. At the age of 35 several large and extremely painful buccal aphthous ulcers developed. Therapy with a nicotine patch led to a regression of all aphthous ulcers within a few days. A month later, after the patient had stopped using the nicotine patches, four aphthous ulcers developed within a week. These ulcers rapidly regressed once she resumed using the nicotine patches. | *We describe a woman with Behçet's syndrome characterized by recurrent oral and genital aphthous ulcers, severe eye involvement, and the onset of arthritis at the age of 29 years. At the age of 35 several large and extremely painful buccal aphthous ulcers developed. Therapy with a nicotine patch led to a regression of all aphthous ulcers within a few days. A month later, after the patient had stopped using the nicotine patches, four aphthous ulcers developed within a week. These ulcers rapidly regressed once she resumed using the nicotine patches. | ||
*[https://sci-hub.st/10.1056/NEJM200012143432418 PDF Version] (Note: Need to scroll down to the correct section) | *[https://sci-hub.st/10.1056/NEJM200012143432418 PDF Version] (Note: Need to scroll down to the correct section) | ||
**Citation: Philippe Scheid, M.D., Abraham Bohadana, M.D., Yves Martinet, M.D., Ph.D., Université Henri Poincaré, 54500 Nancy-Vandoeuvre, France, December 14, 2000, N Engl J Med 2000; 343:1816-1817, DOI: 10.1056/NEJM200012143432418 | **Citation: Philippe Scheid, M.D., Abraham Bohadana, M.D., Yves Martinet, M.D., Ph.D., Université Henri Poincaré, 54500 Nancy-Vandoeuvre, France, December 14, 2000, N Engl J Med 2000; 343:1816-1817, DOI: 10.1056/NEJM200012143432418 | ||
===1992: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1408021/ Smokeless tobacco use prevents aphthous stomatitis]=== | |||
*In (contrast to cigarette smoking, however, few components other than nicotine are systemically absorbed by ST users. Thus if the mechanism that protects ST users against aphthous ulcers is systemic, then nicotine is the likely protective factor. | |||
*[https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/0030-4220(92)90296-3 PDF Version] | |||
**Citation: Grady D, Ernster VL, Stillman L, Greenspan J. Smokeless tobacco use prevents aphthous stomatitis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1992 Oct;74(4):463-5. doi: 10.1016/0030-4220(92)90296-3. PMID: 1408021. | |||
===1991 [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb121180.x?sid=nlm%3Apubmed Recurrent aphthous ulcers and nicotine]=== | ===1991 [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb121180.x?sid=nlm%3Apubmed Recurrent aphthous ulcers and nicotine]=== | ||
| Line 391: | Line 437: | ||
* PWA analyses on day 7, compared with pretreatment, did not show significant change except diastolic pressure time index, which was prolonged and implied potential vascular benefit. In conclusion, 7-day TNP treatments could be a practical strategy to enhance angiogenesis of circulating EPCs to alleviate tissue ischemia without any hemodynamic concern. | * PWA analyses on day 7, compared with pretreatment, did not show significant change except diastolic pressure time index, which was prolonged and implied potential vascular benefit. In conclusion, 7-day TNP treatments could be a practical strategy to enhance angiogenesis of circulating EPCs to alleviate tissue ischemia without any hemodynamic concern. | ||
* Nicotine patches appear to promote blood vessel formation, without adverse effects. | * Nicotine patches appear to promote blood vessel formation, without adverse effects. | ||
=== 2015 [https://www.nature.com/articles/srep15895 Dose-dependent protective effect of nicotine in a murine model of viral myocarditis induced by coxsackievirus B3] === | |||
* The alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (alpha7 nAChR) was recently described as an anti-inflammatory target in various inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the dose-related effects of nicotine, an alpha7 nAChR agonist, in murine model of viral myocarditis. | |||
* The survival rate on day 14 increased in a dose-dependent fashion and was markedly higher in the 0.2 and 0.4 mg/kg nicotine groups than in the infected untreated group. | |||
* The findings suggest that alpha7 nAChR agonists may be a promising new strategy for patients with viral myocarditis. | |||
* Animal study (mice) | |||
* Ge Li-Sha, Zhao Jing-Lin, Chen Guang-Yi, Liu Li, Zhou De-Pu & Li Yue-Chun ''Scientific Reports'' volume 5, Article number: 15895 (2015) | |||
='''Chlamydia Pneumoniae'''= | ='''Chlamydia Pneumoniae'''= | ||
| Line 492: | Line 546: | ||
='''COVID / Long COVID / Post-COVID Syndrome / Long-Haul COVID (SARS-CoV-2)'''= | ='''COVID / Long COVID / Post-COVID Syndrome / Long-Haul COVID (SARS-CoV-2)'''= | ||
*See Also: The Inflamation Section | *See Also: The Inflamation Section | ||
===2025: [https://bioelecmed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s42234-025-00167-8 Long COVID – a critical disruption of cholinergic neurotransmission?]=== | |||
*Conclusions: "A review of the literature indicates that a significant disruption of cholinergic neurotransmission might be a central issue for both LC/ME/CFS and PVS. The hypothesis of a viral blockade of nAChRs and the possibility of a competitive reversal of this blockade by LDTN has been corroborated by highly promising results in the broad application of this method to numerous patients. Randomized controlled trials are necessary to determine whether these preliminary results can be substantiated by evidence. However, LDTN application provides many patients with a method that offers a high probability of symptom relief with only minor side effects and represents an affordable therapeutic intervention for the majority of people affected worldwide. Furthermore, dose-finding studies are required to develop individually adapted therapy regimens with regard to dosage and duration of therapy." | |||
*Citation: Leitzke, M., Roach, D.T., Hesse, S. et al. Long COVID – a critical disruption of cholinergic neurotransmission?. Bioelectron Med 11, 5 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s42234-025-00167-8 | |||
=== 2023: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37264452/ The controversial effect of smoking and nicotine in SARS-CoV-2 infection.] === | === 2023: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37264452/ The controversial effect of smoking and nicotine in SARS-CoV-2 infection.] === | ||
| Line 611: | Line 669: | ||
**Citation: Birtwistle J. The role of cigarettes and nicotine in the onset and treatment of ulcerative colitis. Postgrad Med J. 1996 Dec;72(854):714-8. doi: 10.1136/pgmj.72.854.714. PMID: 9015463; PMCID: PMC2398677. | **Citation: Birtwistle J. The role of cigarettes and nicotine in the onset and treatment of ulcerative colitis. Postgrad Med J. 1996 Dec;72(854):714-8. doi: 10.1136/pgmj.72.854.714. PMID: 9015463; PMCID: PMC2398677. | ||
===1996 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9006184/ Does nicotine have beneficial effects in the treatment of certain diseases?]=== | ===1996: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9006184/ Does nicotine have beneficial effects in the treatment of certain diseases?]=== | ||
*Nicotine may have therapeutic uses in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. | *Nicotine may have therapeutic uses in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. | ||
*Drug companies have often refused to fund legitimate and valid research into the potential therapeutic use of nicotine owing to its association with smoking and its image of an abusable drug. Many in the health profession fail to acknowledge the evidence which suggests that nicotine may have potential therapeutic value. | *Drug companies have often refused to fund legitimate and valid research into the potential therapeutic use of nicotine owing to its association with smoking and its image of an abusable drug. Many in the health profession fail to acknowledge the evidence which suggests that nicotine may have potential therapeutic value. | ||
*[https://sci-hub.st/10.12968/bjon.1996.5.19.1195 PDF Version] | *[https://sci-hub.st/10.12968/bjon.1996.5.19.1195 PDF Version] | ||
**Citation: Birtwistle J, Hall K. Does nicotine have beneficial effects in the treatment of certain diseases? Br J Nurs. 1996 Oct 24-Nov 13;5(19):1195-202. doi: 10.12968/bjon.1996.5.19.1195. PMID: 9006184. | **Citation: Birtwistle J, Hall K. Does nicotine have beneficial effects in the treatment of certain diseases? Br J Nurs. 1996 Oct 24-Nov 13;5(19):1195-202. doi: 10.12968/bjon.1996.5.19.1195. PMID: 9006184. | ||
===1994: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8114833/ Transdermal nicotine for active ulcerative colitis]=== | |||
*The addition of transdermal nicotine to conventional maintenance therapy improves symptoms in patients with ulcerative colitis. | |||
**Citation: Pullan RD, Rhodes J, Ganesh S, Mani V, Morris JS, Williams GT, Newcombe RG, Russell MA, Feyerabend C, Thomas GA, et al. Transdermal nicotine for active ulcerative colitis. N Engl J Med. 1994 Mar 24;330(12):811-5. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199403243301202. PMID: 8114833. | |||
===1991 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1859921/ Beneficial effects of nicotine]=== | ===1991 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1859921/ Beneficial effects of nicotine]=== | ||
| Line 680: | Line 742: | ||
**Citation: Thomson K, Karouta C, Ashby R. Administration of Nicotine Can Inhibit Myopic Growth in Animal Models. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2024 Sep 3;65(11):29. doi: 10.1167/iovs.65.11.29. PMID: 39292451; PMCID: PMC11412605. | **Citation: Thomson K, Karouta C, Ashby R. Administration of Nicotine Can Inhibit Myopic Growth in Animal Models. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2024 Sep 3;65(11):29. doi: 10.1167/iovs.65.11.29. PMID: 39292451; PMCID: PMC11412605. | ||
***Acknowledgement: Funded by ANU Connect Ventures through a Discovery Translation Fund grant (Project ID: DTF311). | ***Acknowledgement: Funded by ANU Connect Ventures through a Discovery Translation Fund grant (Project ID: DTF311). | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
| Line 696: | Line 753: | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
='''Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis / Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis''' | ='''Hashimoto's disease (Hashimoto thyroiditis)'''= | ||
*[https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/hashimotos-thyroiditis Hashimoto's Thyroiditis] "is when your thyroid gland becomes irritated or inflamed. Hashimoto thyroiditis is the most common type of this health problem. It may also be called chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. This thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease. It occurs when your body makes antibodies that attack the cells in your thyroid. The thyroid gland becomes overrun with white blood cells and becomes scarred. This makes the gland feel firm and rubbery. The thyroid then can’t make enough of the thyroid hormone." | |||
===2020: [https://www.endocrine-abstracts.org/ea/0070/ea0070oc8.4?_ga=2.114580999.1434360570.1735281186-102848752.1735281184 Cigarette smoking and the risk to develop symptoms of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis]=== | |||
*"In patients who had discontinued smoking at the age of 39 years or more, the diagnosis of HT was predominantly made after the discontinuation of smoking." | |||
===2013: [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cen.12222 Smoking and thyroid]=== | |||
*"Smoking has distinct associations with thyroid function and size in healthy subjects. It has remarkable and contrasting associations with thyroid function in autoimmune thyroid disease (lower risk of Hashimoto's disease and higher risk of Graves’ disease) and with thyroid size in nodular disease (lower risk of thyroid carcinoma and higher risk of nontoxic goitre and multinodularity). The observed associations likely indicate causal relationships in view of consistent associations across studies, the presence of a dose–response relationship and disappearance of the associations after cessation of smoking. Which mechanisms mediate the many effects of smoking remains largely obscure. Probably, they differ between the various effects. The divergent effects of smoking on the expression of autoimmune thyroid disease are intriguing and reminiscent on the contrasting effects of smoking on inflammatory bowel disease: protective against ulcerative colitis (OR 0·41, 0·34–0·48) but risky for Crohn's disease (OR 1·61, 1·27–2·03)." | |||
='''Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis / Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis''' (See Also: Allergies/Hayfever/Histamines)= | |||
*[https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/hypersensitivity-pneumonitis Hypersensitivity pneumonitis] is a rare immune system disorder that affects the lungs. This disease is also called bird or pigeon fancier’s lung, farmer’s lung, hot tub lung, cheese worker's lung, Bagassosis, mushroom worker's lung, malt worker's lung, or humidifier lung. | *[https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/hypersensitivity-pneumonitis Hypersensitivity pneumonitis] is a rare immune system disorder that affects the lungs. This disease is also called bird or pigeon fancier’s lung, farmer’s lung, hot tub lung, cheese worker's lung, Bagassosis, mushroom worker's lung, malt worker's lung, or humidifier lung. | ||
*[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499918/ Hypersensitivity pneumonitis] (HP) classified as an interstitial lung disease is characterized by a complex immunological reaction of the lung parenchyma in response to repetitive inhalation of a sensitized allergen. | *[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499918/ Hypersensitivity pneumonitis] (HP) classified as an interstitial lung disease is characterized by a complex immunological reaction of the lung parenchyma in response to repetitive inhalation of a sensitized allergen. | ||
| Line 988: | Line 1,053: | ||
*Nicotine administration normalized DMN hyperconnectivity in schizophrenia. We here provide direct evidence that the biological basis of nicotine dependence is different in schizophrenia and in non-schizophrenia populations. Our results suggest the high prevalence of nicotine use in schizophrenia may be an attempt to correct a network deficit known to interfere with cognition. | *Nicotine administration normalized DMN hyperconnectivity in schizophrenia. We here provide direct evidence that the biological basis of nicotine dependence is different in schizophrenia and in non-schizophrenia populations. Our results suggest the high prevalence of nicotine use in schizophrenia may be an attempt to correct a network deficit known to interfere with cognition. | ||
*[https://twitter.com/hbwardMD/status/1487037135299518474 Twitter thread about this study] | *[https://twitter.com/hbwardMD/status/1487037135299518474 Twitter thread about this study] | ||
*Acknowledgement: This work was supported by NIMH R01MH116170 (RB); NIMH R01MH111868 and NIMH R01MH117063 (MH); NIDA 1K02DA042987 and NIDA K01DA029645 (AJ); NIMH K23MH110564, NARSAD Young Investigator Award, Brain and Behavior Research Foundation, Pope-Hintz Fellowship Award, McLean Hospital, Dupont-Warren Fellowship Award, and Harvard Medical School (LM); and the Sidney R. Baer, Jr. Foundation, and the Norman E. Zinberg Fellowship in Addiction Psychiatry Research, Harvard Medical School (HW) | **Citation: Ward HB, Beermann A, Nawaz U, Halko MA, Janes AC, Moran LV and Brady RO Jr (2022) Evidence for Schizophrenia-Specific Pathophysiology of Nicotine Dependence. Front. Psychiatry 13:804055. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.804055 | ||
***Acknowledgement: This work was supported by NIMH R01MH116170 (RB); NIMH R01MH111868 and NIMH R01MH117063 (MH); NIDA 1K02DA042987 and NIDA K01DA029645 (AJ); NIMH K23MH110564, NARSAD Young Investigator Award, Brain and Behavior Research Foundation, Pope-Hintz Fellowship Award, McLean Hospital, Dupont-Warren Fellowship Award, and Harvard Medical School (LM); and the Sidney R. Baer, Jr. Foundation, and the Norman E. Zinberg Fellowship in Addiction Psychiatry Research, Harvard Medical School (HW). | |||
===2020 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0149763420305042?via%3Dihub The effects of acute nicotine administration on cognitive and early sensory processes in schizophrenia: a systematic review]=== | ===2020 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0149763420305042?via%3Dihub The effects of acute nicotine administration on cognitive and early sensory processes in schizophrenia: a systematic review]=== | ||
*Cognitive and early sensory alterations are core features of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schizophrenia '''schizophrenia''']. A single dose of nicotine can improve those features in patients. Attention domain is the most responsive to nicotine in patients. Effects vary upon type of neuropsychological assessment and nicotine intake condition. | *Cognitive and early sensory alterations are core features of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schizophrenia '''schizophrenia''']. A single dose of nicotine can improve those features in patients. Attention domain is the most responsive to nicotine in patients. Effects vary upon type of neuropsychological assessment and nicotine intake condition. | ||
*[https://sci-hub.do/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.07.035 PDF Version] | *[https://sci-hub.do/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.07.035 PDF Version] | ||
*Citation: Clément Dondé, Jérôme Brunelin, Marine Mondino, Caroline Cellard, Benjamin Rolland, Frédéric Haesebaert, The effects of acute nicotine administration on cognitive and early sensory processes in schizophrenia: a systematic review, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Volume 118, 2020, Pages 121-133, ISSN 0149-7634, doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.07.035. | **Citation: Clément Dondé, Jérôme Brunelin, Marine Mondino, Caroline Cellard, Benjamin Rolland, Frédéric Haesebaert, The effects of acute nicotine administration on cognitive and early sensory processes in schizophrenia: a systematic review, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Volume 118, 2020, Pages 121-133, ISSN 0149-7634, doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.07.035. | ||
=== 2017: [https://www.nature.com/articles/nm.4274 Nicotine reverses hypofrontality in animal models of addiction and schizophrenia] === | === 2017: [https://www.nature.com/articles/nm.4274 Nicotine reverses hypofrontality in animal models of addiction and schizophrenia] === | ||
*Animal Study | |||
*“Our study provides compelling biological evidence that a specific genetic variant contributes to risk for schizophrenia, defines the mechanism responsible for the effect and validates that nicotine improves that deficit,” said Jerry Stitzel, a researcher at the Institute for Behavioral Genetics (IBG) and one of four CU Boulder researchers on the study. | |||
*Previous genome-wide association studies have suggested that people with a variation in a gene called CHRNA5 are more likely to have schizophrenia, but the mechanism for that association has remained unclear. People with that variant are also more likely to smoke. | |||
**Citation: Fani Koukouli, Marie Rooy, Dimitrios Tziotis, Kurt A Sailor, Heidi C O'Neill, Josien Levenga, Mirko Witte, Michael Nilges, Jean-Pierre Changeux, Charles A Hoeffer, Jerry A Stitzel, Boris S Gutkin, David A DiGregorio Uwe Maskos Nature Medicine volume 23, pages347–354 (2017) | |||
===2017: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28441884/ Targeting neuronal dysfunction in schizophrenia with nicotine: Evidence from neurophysiology to neuroimaging]=== | |||
* | *This brief review discusses evidence from neurophysiological and neuroimaging studies in schizophrenia patients that nicotinic agonists may effectively target dysfunctional neuronal circuits in the illness. Evidence suggests that nicotine significantly modulates a number of these circuits, although relatively few studies have used modern neuroimaging techniques (e.g. functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)) to examine the effects of nicotinic drugs on disease-related neurobiology. The neuronal effects of nicotine and other nicotinic agonists in schizophrenia remain a priority for psychiatry research. | ||
* | **Citation: Smucny J, Tregellas JR. Targeting neuronal dysfunction in schizophrenia with nicotine: Evidence from neurophysiology to neuroimaging. J Psychopharmacol. 2017 Jul;31(7):801-811. doi: 10.1177/0269881117705071. Epub 2017 Apr 26. PMID: 28441884; PMCID: PMC5963521. | ||
===2016: [https://truthinitiative.org/sites/default/files/media/files/2019/08/ReThinking-Nicotine_0.pdf Re-thinking nicotine and its effects]=== | ===2016: [https://truthinitiative.org/sites/default/files/media/files/2019/08/ReThinking-Nicotine_0.pdf Re-thinking nicotine and its effects]=== | ||
*Nicotine is used for a number of reasons. In human studies, acute administration of nicotine can have positive effects on cognitive processes, such as improving attention, fine motor coordination, concentration, memory, speed of information processing, and alleviation of boredom or drowsiness. Some nicotine users benefit from self-medication effects for alleviation of stress, anxiety, depression, and other mental health and medical conditions, including schizophrenia and Parkinson’s Disease. Nicotine also reverses cognitive deficits caused by withdrawal. It is not clear if chronic use of nicotine enhances cognitive function. | *Nicotine is used for a number of reasons. In human studies, acute administration of nicotine can have positive effects on cognitive processes, such as improving attention, fine motor coordination, concentration, memory, speed of information processing, and alleviation of boredom or drowsiness. Some nicotine users benefit from self-medication effects for alleviation of stress, anxiety, depression, and other mental health and medical conditions, including schizophrenia and Parkinson’s Disease. Nicotine also reverses cognitive deficits caused by withdrawal. It is not clear if chronic use of nicotine enhances cognitive function. | ||
*Some subgroups, such as those with an underlying vulnerability to mental health or medical conditions, may benefit, more or less, from the use of nicotine, when compared with the general population. | *Some subgroups, such as those with an underlying vulnerability to mental health or medical conditions, may benefit, more or less, from the use of nicotine, when compared with the general population. | ||
*Truth Initiative / Schroeder Institute: Raymond Niaura, PhD. - This paper was also reviewed by content area experts whose feedback was included: Drs. Neal Benowitz, Peter Shields, Dorothy Hatsukami, and Ken Warner | **Citation: Truth Initiative / Schroeder Institute: Raymond Niaura, PhD. - This paper was also reviewed by content area experts whose feedback was included: Drs. Neal Benowitz, Peter Shields, Dorothy Hatsukami, and Ken Warner | ||
===2009 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19328631/ Exogenous nicotine normalises sensory gating in schizophrenia; therapeutic implications]=== | ===2009 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19328631/ Exogenous nicotine normalises sensory gating in schizophrenia; therapeutic implications]=== | ||
*The principal reason for the markedly increased rate of cigarette smoking in people with schizophrenia: tobacco cigarette smoking represents an attempt at self-medication in schizophrenia, because the additional nicotine so provided alleviates the hypofunctional sensory gating seen in this illness. | *The principal reason for the markedly increased rate of cigarette smoking in people with schizophrenia: tobacco cigarette smoking represents an attempt at self-medication in schizophrenia, because the additional nicotine so provided alleviates the hypofunctional sensory gating seen in this illness. | ||
*[https://sci-hub.st/10.1016/j.mehy.2009.02.017 PDF Version] | *[https://sci-hub.st/10.1016/j.mehy.2009.02.017 PDF Version] | ||
*Citation: Conway JL. Exogenous nicotine normalises sensory gating in schizophrenia; therapeutic implications. Med Hypotheses. 2009 Aug;73(2):259-62. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2009.02.017. Epub 2009 Mar 27. PMID: 19328631. | **Citation: Conway JL. Exogenous nicotine normalises sensory gating in schizophrenia; therapeutic implications. Med Hypotheses. 2009 Aug;73(2):259-62. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2009.02.017. Epub 2009 Mar 27. PMID: 19328631. | ||
===2007: [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2702723/ Nicotinic Interactions with Antipsychotic Drugs, Models of Schizophrenia and Impacts on Cognitive Function]=== | |||
*Human and Animal study | |||
*Nicotinic receptor systems in the brain are important for a variety of aspects of cognitive function impaired in schizophrenia and aggravated by antipsychotic drugs. Nicotine and selective nicotinic α7 and α4β2 agonists can significantly improve learning, memory and attention. Nicotine and nicotine agonists can reduce some of the cognitive impairments caused by some antipsychotic drugs as well as reduce cognitive impairments seen in the NMDA glutamate blockade animal model of schizophrenia. | |||
**Citation: Levin ED, Rezvani AH. Nicotinic interactions with antipsychotic drugs, models of schizophrenia and impacts on cognitive function. Biochem Pharmacol. 2007 Oct 15;74(8):1182-91. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2007.07.019. Epub 2007 Jul 20. PMID: 17714691; PMCID: PMC2702723. | |||
***Acknowledgement: Research presented was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Mental Health grant MH64494. | |||
===2002 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12769614/ Nicotinic treatment for cognitive dysfunction]=== | ===2002 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12769614/ Nicotinic treatment for cognitive dysfunction]=== | ||
*For development of nicotinic treatments we are fortunate to have a well characterized lead compound, nicotine. Transdermal nicotine patches offer a way to deliver measured doses of nicotine in a considerably safer fashion than the more traditional means of administration, tobacco smoking. We have found that transdermal nicotine significantly improves attentional function in people with Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia or ADHD as well as normal nonsmoking adults. | *For development of nicotinic treatments we are fortunate to have a well characterized lead compound, nicotine. Transdermal nicotine patches offer a way to deliver measured doses of nicotine in a considerably safer fashion than the more traditional means of administration, tobacco smoking. We have found that transdermal nicotine significantly improves attentional function in people with Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia or ADHD as well as normal nonsmoking adults. | ||
*Citation: Levin ED, Rezvani AH. Nicotinic treatment for cognitive dysfunction. Curr Drug Targets CNS Neurol Disord. 2002 Aug;1(4):423-31. doi: 10.2174/1568007023339102. PMID: 12769614. | **Citation: Levin ED, Rezvani AH. Nicotinic treatment for cognitive dysfunction. Curr Drug Targets CNS Neurol Disord. 2002 Aug;1(4):423-31. doi: 10.2174/1568007023339102. PMID: 12769614. | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
| Line 1,260: | Line 1,326: | ||
**Citation: Jarvik ME. Beneficial effects of nicotine. Br J Addict. 1991 May;86(5):571-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01810.x. PMID: 1859921. | **Citation: Jarvik ME. Beneficial effects of nicotine. Br J Addict. 1991 May;86(5):571-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01810.x. PMID: 1859921. | ||
***Acknowledgement: Supported by U. C. Tobacco-related Disease program, grant # RT87 and a grant from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. | ***Acknowledgement: Supported by U. C. Tobacco-related Disease program, grant # RT87 and a grant from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. | ||
<br> | |||
='''Pemphigus Vulgaris'''= | |||
===2001: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11737449/ Pemphigus vulgaris: environmental factors. Occupational, behavioral, medical, and qualitative food frequency questionnaire]=== | |||
*The risk for pemphigus vulgaris was lower for ex-smokers and current smokers than for patients who had never smoked. | |||
*The beneficial effect of smoking on pemphigus might be explained by its effect on the immune system. | |||
**Citation: Brenner S, Tur E, Shapiro J, Ruocco V, D'Avino M, Ruocco E, Tsankov N, Vassileva S, Drenovska K, Brezoev P, Barnadas MA, Gonzalez MJ, Anhalt G, Nousari H, Ramos-e-Silva M, Pinto KT, Miranda MF. Pemphigus vulgaris: environmental factors. Occupational, behavioral, medical, and qualitative food frequency questionnaire. Int J Dermatol. 2001 Sep;40(9):562-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-4362.2001.01266.x. Erratum in: Int J Dermatol. 2003 Sep;42(9):760. Silva MR [corrected to Ramos-e-Silva M]. PMID: 11737449. | |||
===2000: [https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/189739 A Case of Pemphigus Vulgaris Improved by Cigarette Smoking]=== | |||
*The patient reported an inverse relationship between smoking and pemphigus flares. He observed a worsening of the pemphigus when he stopped smoking. Nicotine patches were prescribed, but he began smoking cigarettes again instead. On average, he smokes 15 cigarettes per day. One week after he began smoking again, his pemphigus rapidly started to clear. | |||
**Citation: Mehta JN, Martin AG. A case of pemphigus vulgaris improved by cigarette smoking. Arch Dermatol. 2000 Jan;136(1):15-7. doi: 10.1001/archderm.136.1.15. PMID: 10632179. | |||
<br> | <br> | ||
='''Psoriasis'''= | ='''Psoriasis'''= | ||
===2012 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3325452/ Can nicotine use alleviate symptoms of psoriasis?]=== | |||
===2012: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3325452/ Can nicotine use alleviate symptoms of psoriasis?]=== | |||
*In light of recent data demonstrating that psoriasis is an immune-mediated disease, the possibility that novel anti-inflammatory treatments such as nicotine replacement therapy or analogues could have a beneficial effect on patients with psoriasis should be considered. This case described one such occasion in which it appeared that nicotine had a therapeutic effect on a patient’s psoriasis. | *In light of recent data demonstrating that psoriasis is an immune-mediated disease, the possibility that novel anti-inflammatory treatments such as nicotine replacement therapy or analogues could have a beneficial effect on patients with psoriasis should be considered. This case described one such occasion in which it appeared that nicotine had a therapeutic effect on a patient’s psoriasis. | ||
*[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3325452/pdf/0580404.pdf PDF Version] | *[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3325452/pdf/0580404.pdf PDF Version] | ||
*Citation: Staples J, Klein D. Can nicotine use alleviate symptoms of psoriasis? Can Fam Physician. 2012 Apr;58(4):404-8. PMID: 22611606; PMCID: PMC3325452. | **Citation: Staples J, Klein D. Can nicotine use alleviate symptoms of psoriasis? Can Fam Physician. 2012 Apr;58(4):404-8. PMID: 22611606; PMCID: PMC3325452. | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
='''Pyoderma Gangrenosum'''= | ='''Pyoderma Gangrenosum'''= | ||
===2004 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15204166/ Successful treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum with topical 0.5% nicotine cream]=== | ===2004 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15204166/ Successful treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum with topical 0.5% nicotine cream]=== | ||
*Two patients with pyoderma gangrenosum treated with topical nicotine 0.5% w/w cetamacrogol formula A cream are described here, both of whom had dramatic clinical resolution of their pyoderma gangrenosum. | *Two patients with pyoderma gangrenosum treated with topical nicotine 0.5% w/w cetamacrogol formula A cream are described here, both of whom had dramatic clinical resolution of their pyoderma gangrenosum. | ||
*[https://scihubtw.tw/10.1080/09546630310019364 PDF Version] | *[https://scihubtw.tw/10.1080/09546630310019364 PDF Version] | ||
*Citations:Patel GK, Rhodes JR, Evans B, Holt PJ. Successful treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum with topical 0.5% nicotine cream. J Dermatolog Treat. 2004 Apr;15(2):122-5. doi: 10.1080/09546630310019364. PMID: 15204166. | **Citations:Patel GK, Rhodes JR, Evans B, Holt PJ. Successful treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum with topical 0.5% nicotine cream. J Dermatolog Treat. 2004 Apr;15(2):122-5. doi: 10.1080/09546630310019364. PMID: 15204166. | ||
===1998 [https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/189304?fbclid=IwAR33gpEktRMf2Q0v5Btl9C5E8gmXw-ZP8_gDFt6sebxUBpXE_WfVt-o-mSw Nicotine for Pyoderma Gangrenosum]=== | ===1998 [https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/189304?fbclid=IwAR33gpEktRMf2Q0v5Btl9C5E8gmXw-ZP8_gDFt6sebxUBpXE_WfVt-o-mSw Nicotine for Pyoderma Gangrenosum]=== | ||
*Herein we describe a patient with pyoderma gangrenosum who responded twice to topical nicotine within 4 weeks and 3 months, respectively, without any adverse effects. | *Herein we describe a patient with pyoderma gangrenosum who responded twice to topical nicotine within 4 weeks and 3 months, respectively, without any adverse effects. | ||
*[https://scholar.google.com/scholar_url?url=https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/articlepdf/189304/dce8005.pdf&hl=en&sa=T&oi=ucasa&ct=ufr&ei=Z2aqX4SnOc2rywTPj5aYDw&scisig=AAGBfm1pz6ffl3a23G__I3APgBLpY6Cofw PDF Version] | *[https://scholar.google.com/scholar_url?url=https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/articlepdf/189304/dce8005.pdf&hl=en&sa=T&oi=ucasa&ct=ufr&ei=Z2aqX4SnOc2rywTPj5aYDw&scisig=AAGBfm1pz6ffl3a23G__I3APgBLpY6Cofw PDF Version] | ||
*Citation: Wolf R, Ruocco V. Nicotine for Pyoderma Gangrenosum. Arch Dermatol. 1998;134(9):1071–1072. doi:10.1001/archderm.134.9.1071 | **Citation: Wolf R, Ruocco V. Nicotine for Pyoderma Gangrenosum. Arch Dermatol. 1998;134(9):1071–1072. doi:10.1001/archderm.134.9.1071 | ||
===1995 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8537562/ Successful treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum with nicotine chewing gum]=== | ===1995 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8537562/ Successful treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum with nicotine chewing gum]=== | ||
*We used nicotine chewing gum for the treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum with remarkable results. We strongly suggest that nicotine chewing gum may not only be beneficial in treating pyoderma gangrenosum but may also be useful in treating other skin disorders with prominent neutrophilic infiltrations such as Behcet's disease, Sweet disease, allergic vasculitis, and recurrent oral aphthae, the last of which is known to respond to smoking. | *We used nicotine chewing gum for the treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum with remarkable results. We strongly suggest that nicotine chewing gum may not only be beneficial in treating pyoderma gangrenosum but may also be useful in treating other skin disorders with prominent neutrophilic infiltrations such as Behcet's disease, Sweet disease, allergic vasculitis, and recurrent oral aphthae, the last of which is known to respond to smoking. | ||
*[https://sci-hub.st/10.1111/j.1346-8138.1995.tb03904.x PDF Version] | *[https://sci-hub.st/10.1111/j.1346-8138.1995.tb03904.x PDF Version] | ||
*Citation: Kanekura T, Kanzaki T. Successful treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum with nicotine chewing gum. J Dermatol. 1995 Sep;22(9):704-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.1995.tb03904.x. PMID: 8537562. | **Citation: Kanekura T, Kanzaki T. Successful treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum with nicotine chewing gum. J Dermatol. 1995 Sep;22(9):704-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.1995.tb03904.x. PMID: 8537562. | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
| Line 1,416: | Line 1,495: | ||
*Acknowledgements: This work was supported in part by the Philip Morris External Research Program and the Kentucky Science and Engineering Foundation. | *Acknowledgements: This work was supported in part by the Philip Morris External Research Program and the Kentucky Science and Engineering Foundation. | ||
*Key words: spinal cord injury; nicotine; neuronal nicotinic receptors; oxidative stress; inflammatory responses; nitric oxide synthase | *Key words: spinal cord injury; nicotine; neuronal nicotinic receptors; oxidative stress; inflammatory responses; nitric oxide synthase | ||
< | |||
= Stroke = | |||
=== 2025: '''[https://academic.oup.com/ntr/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/ntr/ntaf034/8005730?redirectedFrom=fulltext&login=false The protective effect of low-dose nicotine on ischemia stroke by maintaining the integrity of the blood-brain barrier]''' === | |||
* Animal study (mice) | |||
* These results demonstrate that nicotine treatment could alleviates the IS-compromised integrity of BBB by regulating the Wnt signal pathway through α7 nAChR. | |||
* The study demonstrates that nicotine at low concentrations exerts neuro-protective effects by supporting the integrity of BBB and subsequent endothelial viability after ischemic stroke. | |||
* Qianqian Pang, Xinyang Yan, Zheng Chen, Liang Yun, Jiang Qian, Zeyi Dong, Miao Wang, Wei Deng, Yao Fu, Tao Hai, Zhichao Chen, Xianfang Rong: Nicotine & Tobacco Research, ntaf034, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf034</nowiki> | |||
='''Tourette's Syndrome'''= | ='''Tourette's Syndrome'''= | ||
| Line 1,479: | Line 1,566: | ||
='''Weight Loss / Appetite Control / Metabolism / Obesity'''= | ='''Weight Loss / Appetite Control / Metabolism / Obesity'''= | ||
===2024 Article [https://web.archive.org/web/20241204102835/https://tobaccoreporter.com/2024/12/03/slim-chances/ Harm reduction, smoking cessation and weight]==== | |||
*"Nicotine influences eating and weight in multiple ways, from hormones to microbiomes to taste perceptions. The bottom line: Nicotine raises the metabolic rate while also depressing appetite." | |||
===2011 [https://translational-medicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1479-5876-9-129 Anti-inflammatory effects of nicotine in obesity and ulcerative colitis]=== | ===2011 [https://translational-medicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1479-5876-9-129 Anti-inflammatory effects of nicotine in obesity and ulcerative colitis]=== | ||
*Nicotine, the principal addictive constituent of tobacco, has been shown to suppress appetite and attenuates obesity in many studies, but the underlying mechanism is not clear. | *Nicotine, the principal addictive constituent of tobacco, has been shown to suppress appetite and attenuates obesity in many studies, but the underlying mechanism is not clear. | ||
| Line 1,495: | Line 1,585: | ||
='''Suggested additions to this page'''= | ='''Suggested additions to this page'''= | ||
===2025: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39921606/ The protective effect of low-dose nicotine on ischemia stroke by maintaining the integrity of the blood-brain barrier]=== | |||
===2024: [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0303720724003022?via%3Dihub Nicotine increases hepatocyte transthyretin turnover: a possible mechanism for the protective effect of smoking on preeclampsia?]=== | |||
===2011: [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hipo.20806 Acute nicotine treatment prevents rem sleep deprivation-induced learning and memory impairment in rat]=== | |||
===2017: [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/brb3.704 Nicotine-prevented learning and memory impairment in REM sleep-deprived rat is modulated by DREAM protein in the hippocampus]=== | |||
===2024: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39719676/ Effect of Nicotine Replacement Therapy on Perioperative Pain Management and Opioid Requirement in Abstinent Tobacco Smokers Undergoing Spinal Fusion: A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial]=== | |||
===2012: [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3286320/ Nicotine Reduces Antipsychotic-Induced Orofacial Dyskinesia in Rats]=== | |||
===2024: [https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1427314/full The double-edged nature of nicotine: toxicities and therapeutic potentials]=== | ===2024: [https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1427314/full The double-edged nature of nicotine: toxicities and therapeutic potentials]=== | ||
===2023: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ofdbKWq6rIBxI8vQAzjV8z-TYoacrqKB/view Electronic Cigarettes: an Overlooked Tool to Alleviate Disparities in Tobacco Use Disorder Among People with Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders]=== | ===2023: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ofdbKWq6rIBxI8vQAzjV8z-TYoacrqKB/view Electronic Cigarettes: an Overlooked Tool to Alleviate Disparities in Tobacco Use Disorder Among People with Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders]=== | ||
| Line 1,515: | Line 1,613: | ||
===2023 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9849855/ Effect of nicotine on cholesterol gallstone formation in C57BL/6J mice fed on a lithogenic diet]=== | ===2023 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9849855/ Effect of nicotine on cholesterol gallstone formation in C57BL/6J mice fed on a lithogenic diet]=== | ||
=== The following articles address the possible transmission of the SARS CoV 2 virus (and other pathogens) through vaping exhalations. We show that the latter are extremely weak transmission vehicles. === | |||
* 2022: [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-022-20499-1 Analytic modeling and risk assessment of aerial transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus through vaping expirations in shared micro-environments] | |||
* 2021: [https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041437 Aerial transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus through environmental e-cigarette aerosol: implications for public policies.] | |||
* 2021: [http://doi.org/10.3390/app11146355 Modeling Aerial Transmission of Pathogens (Including the SARS-CoV-2 Virus) through Aerosol Emissions from E-Cigarettes.] | |||
=== 2022: [https://assets.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1062121/v1/fb8f5195-4cce-470f-9e09-e752fae3c931.pdf?c=1642705044 Part One: Abuse Liability of Vuse Solo Relative To Combustible Cigarettes And Nicotine Gum] === | === 2022: [https://assets.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1062121/v1/fb8f5195-4cce-470f-9e09-e752fae3c931.pdf?c=1642705044 Part One: Abuse Liability of Vuse Solo Relative To Combustible Cigarettes And Nicotine Gum] === | ||
| Line 1,522: | Line 1,626: | ||
===2021: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34757527/ Meta-Analysis on Nicotine's Modulation of HIV-Associated Dementia]=== | ===2021: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34757527/ Meta-Analysis on Nicotine's Modulation of HIV-Associated Dementia]=== | ||
===2012: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3286320/ Nicotine Reduces Antipsychotic-Induced Orofacial Dyskinesia in Rats]=== | ===2012: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3286320/ Nicotine Reduces Antipsychotic-Induced Orofacial Dyskinesia in Rats]=== | ||
*Animal | *Animal | ||
===2021: [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1001841721007804 Real-time effects of nicotine exposure and withdrawal on neurotransmitter metabolism of hippocampal neuronal cells by microfluidic chip-coupled LC-MS]=== | ===2021: [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1001841721007804 Real-time effects of nicotine exposure and withdrawal on neurotransmitter metabolism of hippocampal neuronal cells by microfluidic chip-coupled LC-MS]=== | ||
*mouse study | *mouse study | ||
===2021: [https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD006219.pub4/full Interventions for preventing weight gain after smoking cessation]=== | ===2021: [https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD006219.pub4/full Interventions for preventing weight gain after smoking cessation]=== | ||
*There was moderate‐certainty that NRT reduced weight at end of treatment and moderate‐certainty that the effect may be similar at 12 months, although the estimates are too imprecise to assess long‐term benefit. | |||
===2004: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC526783/ Nicotine as Therapy]=== | |||
*There | * Yet few of the horrendous health effects of smoking are traceable to nicotine itself—cigarettes contain nearly 4,000 other compounds that play a role. Until recently, nicotine research has been driven primarily by nicotine's unparalleled power to keep people smoking, rather than its potential therapeutic uses. | ||
* There's a cheap, common, and mostly safe drug, in daily use for centuries by hundreds of millions of people, that only lately has been investigated for its therapeutic potential for a long list of common ills. The list includes Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, depression and anxiety, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and even pain and obesity. | |||
* People with depressive-spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, and adult ADHD tend to smoke heavily, which suggested to researchers that nicotine may soothe their symptoms. Common to all these disorders is a failure of attention, an inability to concentrate on particular stimuli and screen out the rest. Nicotine helps. | |||
* Researchers at the National Institute on Drug Abuse have shown via functional magnetic resonance imaging that nicotine activates specific brain areas during tasks that demand attention | |||
* Powledge TM (2004) Nicotine as Therapy. PLoS Biol 2(11): e404. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020404</nowiki> | |||
=== | ===2021: [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12640-021-00375-5 Novel Pharmacotherapies in Parkinson’s Disease]=== | ||
=== | ===2001: [https://today.duke.edu/2001/08/mm_medicaluses.html Medical Uses for Nicotine]=== | ||
===2021: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33675460/ Nicotine gum enhances visual processing in healthy nonsmokers]=== | ===2021: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33675460/ Nicotine gum enhances visual processing in healthy nonsmokers]=== | ||
| Line 1,553: | Line 1,659: | ||
===1986: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3786334/ Effects of nicotine on finger tapping rate in non-smokers]=== | ===1986: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3786334/ Effects of nicotine on finger tapping rate in non-smokers]=== | ||
===1996: [https://sci-hub.st/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a011533 Beneficial effects of nicotine and cigarette smoking: the real, the possible and the spurious]=== | |||
===2020 [https://n.neurology.org/content/neurology/94/20/e2132.full.pdf Tobacco smoking and the risk of Parkinson disease A 65-year follow-up of 30,000 male British doctors]=== | ===2020 [https://n.neurology.org/content/neurology/94/20/e2132.full.pdf Tobacco smoking and the risk of Parkinson disease A 65-year follow-up of 30,000 male British doctors]=== | ||