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=='''Studies, Papers, Reports - Smoking'''== | =='''Studies, Papers, Reports - Smoking'''== | ||
===2023: [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0376871623012711 How has the brain disease model of addiction contributed to tobacco control?]=== | |||
*"Tobacco denormalisation deliberately encourages beliefs that people who smoke are selfish, unattractive, ‘addicts’, of ‘lower class.'" "Critics argue that this approach to tobacco denormalisation is discriminatory, stigmatises people who smoke, and may prevent smokers from seeking help to quit or be treated for tobacco-related diseases." | |||
*"There is little evidence that the BDMA [brain disease model of addiction] has reduced the stigma suffered by people who smoke cigarettes." "Indeed, in many studies, people who smoke report experiencing significant stigma. Stigma has also arguably increased as cigarette smoking has become concentrated in the least educated and most socially disadvantaged groups in the populations of high-income countries." | |||
*"In principle, public acceptance of a BDMA for smoking could have produced a more sympathetic response to people who smoke cigarettes, but survey evidence suggests that this has not happened. On the contrary, as population smoking prevalence has declined, the stigmatisation of smokers seems to have increased because smoking is concentrated among the most disadvantaged members of the population. Furthermore, the strategy of labelling people who smoke as “addicts” may increase the association between smoking and a spoiled identity. In principle, the BDMA could support policies that promote the use of less harmful forms of nicotine delivery to people who are unwilling or unable to quit smoking. In practice, however, it seems more likely to be used to justify bans on the sale of products that deliver nicotine in less harmful ways than combustible cigarettes, because these products can produce addiction." | |||
===2022: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9086928/ What low-income smokers have learned from public health pedagogy: A narrative inquiry]=== | ===2022: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9086928/ What low-income smokers have learned from public health pedagogy: A narrative inquiry]=== | ||
*Frohlich et al and others have suggested that public health educational messages may have the unintended consequence of marginalizing low-income smokers and unintentionally contributing to health disparities. Our study participants also point to healthcare professionals as an important group who may be contributing to these feelings. With this in mind, efforts to educate healthcare providers on how their actions may be perceived as judgmental or lacking in compassion about the effects of nicotine withdrawal are warranted. | *Frohlich et al and others have suggested that public health educational messages may have the unintended consequence of marginalizing low-income smokers and unintentionally contributing to health disparities. Our study participants also point to healthcare professionals as an important group who may be contributing to these feelings. With this in mind, efforts to educate healthcare providers on how their actions may be perceived as judgmental or lacking in compassion about the effects of nicotine withdrawal are warranted. | ||
===2020: [https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/12/4345/htm Stigma and Smoking in the Home: Parents’ Accounts of Using Nicotine Replacement Therapy to Protect Their Children from Second-Hand Smoke]=== | ===2020: [https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/12/4345/htm Stigma and Smoking in the Home: Parents’ Accounts of Using Nicotine Replacement Therapy to Protect Their Children from Second-Hand Smoke]=== | ||
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