| Line 98: | Line 98: | ||
*In addition to the health disparities experienced by smokers, psychosocial factors such as smoking stigma can cause additional strain on health, and may thwart positive behavior change. Smoking stigma can be defined as a social process by which exclusion, rejection, blame or devaluation occurs,7 in this case related to smoking or being identified as a smoker. Stigma can be categorized as: 1) internally-focused self-stigma resulting from the internalization of public stigma and characterized by statements about the individual's worth, e.g., “I am worth less because I smoke”; 2) perceived or felt stigma, which is an awareness of devaluation or stereotype in work, social, and everyday situations, and includes fear of being stigmatized, experiencing external blame, and social isolation; or 3) enacted stigma, which refers to acts of discrimination perpetrated on stigmatized individuals. | *In addition to the health disparities experienced by smokers, psychosocial factors such as smoking stigma can cause additional strain on health, and may thwart positive behavior change. Smoking stigma can be defined as a social process by which exclusion, rejection, blame or devaluation occurs,7 in this case related to smoking or being identified as a smoker. Stigma can be categorized as: 1) internally-focused self-stigma resulting from the internalization of public stigma and characterized by statements about the individual's worth, e.g., “I am worth less because I smoke”; 2) perceived or felt stigma, which is an awareness of devaluation or stereotype in work, social, and everyday situations, and includes fear of being stigmatized, experiencing external blame, and social isolation; or 3) enacted stigma, which refers to acts of discrimination perpetrated on stigmatized individuals. | ||
*We would consider, however, efforts to induce stigma as abjectly wrong and avoidable. Instead, treatment engagement strategies could emphasize stigma-reduction as an ancillary benefit – i.e., messaging that quitting smoking can reduce stigma, rather than messaging aimed at increasing stigma to induce quitting. | *We would consider, however, efforts to induce stigma as abjectly wrong and avoidable. Instead, treatment engagement strategies could emphasize stigma-reduction as an ancillary benefit – i.e., messaging that quitting smoking can reduce stigma, rather than messaging aimed at increasing stigma to induce quitting. | ||
===2012 [https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/jhdrp/vol5/iss1/2/ Self-stigma, Stress, and Smoking among African American and American Indian Female Smokers: An Exploratory Qualitative Study]=== | ===2012 [https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/jhdrp/vol5/iss1/2/ Self-stigma, Stress, and Smoking among African American and American Indian Female Smokers: An Exploratory Qualitative Study]=== | ||
edits