Richardpruen (talk | contribs) (→Dependence (Addiction, Abuse) vs Harm / Harm Reduction - Ecigs and Nicotine: added study from PATH) |
Richardpruen (talk | contribs) (→Continuum of Risk: Added study re: high blood pressure) |
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=Continuum of Risk= | =Continuum of Risk= | ||
=== 2023: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37085311/ Time-varying association between cigarette and ENDS use on incident hypertension among US adults: a prospective longitudinal study.] === | |||
* Conclusions: We found that smoking increased the risk of self-reported hypertension, but ENDS use did not. These results highlight the importance of using prospective longitudinal data to examine the health effects of ENDS use. | |||
* Like the previous paper on asthma, the analysis is carefully designed to avoid bias/confounding from smoking history, and to avoid errors of temporal sequence (allowing data points where the outcome could have occurred prior to the exposure). This is especially valuable because of the concern that nicotine has direct cardiovascular effects – the evidence for which is mostly at a physiological level rather than a human clinical level. While this analysis does not prove the absence of an effect, it’s important nonetheless in raising doubts that ENDS have a clinically-meaningful cardiovascular effect at the population level. | |||
* Cook S, Hirschtick JL, Barnes G, Arenberg D, Bondarenko I, Patel A, Jiminez Mendoza E, Jeon J, Levy D, Meza R, Fleischer NL. BMJ Open. 2023 Apr 21;13(4):e062297. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062297. PMID: 37085311 Free PMC article. | |||
=== 2023: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37061812/ Nicotine - friend or foe? The complex interplay between its role in dependence, harm reduction and risk communication.] === | === 2023: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37061812/ Nicotine - friend or foe? The complex interplay between its role in dependence, harm reduction and risk communication.] === | ||
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