| Line 35: | Line 35: | ||
===2015 An approach to ingredient screening and toxicological risk assessment of flavours (flavors) in e-liquids=== | ===2015 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0273230015001245 An approach to ingredient screening and toxicological risk assessment of flavours (flavors) in e-liquids]=== | ||
*Individual flavours or groups of flavours were added to the tobacco rod and the resultant smoke was analysed for priority smoke constituents and tested in several in vitro tests as well as 90-day rat inhalation studies. In general, addition of the flavours had no effect on, or reduced the levels of most of the measured smoke constituents. | *Individual flavours or groups of flavours were added to the tobacco rod and the resultant smoke was analysed for priority smoke constituents and tested in several in vitro tests as well as 90-day rat inhalation studies. In general, addition of the flavours had no effect on, or reduced the levels of most of the measured smoke constituents. | ||
*[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0273230015001245/pdfft?md5=553861e93eb6ee2d9187868225a586d5&pid=1-s2.0-S0273230015001245-main.pdf PDF Version] | |||
*Citation: S. Costigan, C. Meredith, An approach to ingredient screening and toxicological risk assessment of flavours in e-liquids, Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, Volume 72, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 361-369, ISSN 0273-2300, doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.05.018. | |||
*Acknowledgement: This work was joint funded by Nicoventures and British American Tobacco (BAT), and the authors are full time employees of Nicoventures and British American Tobacco (BAT). | |||
===2013: Comparison of the Cytotoxic Potential of Cigarette Smoke and Electronic Cigarette Vapour Extract on Cultured Myocardial Cells=== | |||
===2013: [https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/10/10/5146/htm Comparison of the Cytotoxic Potential of Cigarette Smoke and Electronic Cigarette Vapour Extract on Cultured Myocardial Cells]=== | |||
*Overall, EC vapor extracts showed significantly higher cell viability compared to CS extract, based on a realistic-use rather than a standardized comparative level of exposure. This supports the concept that ECs may be useful as tobacco harm reduction products | *Overall, EC vapor extracts showed significantly higher cell viability compared to CS extract, based on a realistic-use rather than a standardized comparative level of exposure. This supports the concept that ECs may be useful as tobacco harm reduction products | ||
*[https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/10/10/5146/pdf PDF Version] | |||
*Citation: Farsalinos, K.E.; Romagna, G.; Allifranchini, E.; Ripamonti, E.; Bocchietto, E.; Todeschi, S.; Tsiapras, D.; Kyrzopoulos, S.; Voudris, V. Comparison of the Cytotoxic Potential of Cigarette Smoke and Electronic Cigarette Vapour Extract on Cultured Myocardial Cells. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2013, 10, 5146-5162. doi:10.3390/ijerph10105146 | |||
*Acknowledgement: Funding: The study was funded in part by the Greek Association of E-cigarette Businesses (SEEHT). Role of the funding source: The study was investigator-initiated and investigator-driven. The sponsor funded the expenses of the laboratory (ABICH S.r.l, Verbania, Italy) where the experiments were performed. The sponsor had no involvement in the study design, data collection, analysis and interpretation, writing or approving the manuscript and decision to submit the manuscript for publication. No author has received any financial or other compensation for this study. | |||
<br> | |||
==Cancer / Tumors== | ==Cancer / Tumors== | ||
edits