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===2020: [https://www.nber.org/papers/w27507 E-Cigarettes and Respiratory Disease: A Replication, Extension, and Future Directions]=== | |||
*The statistical associations between e-cigarette use and respiratory disease are driven by e-cigarette users who are also current or former smokers of combustible tobacco. | |||
*A striking feature of the data is that almost all e-cigarette users were either current or former smokers of combustible tobacco. | |||
*Among respondents who had never smoked combustible tobacco, we find no evidence that current or former e-cigarette use is associated with respiratory disease. | |||
[https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w27507/w27507.pdf Link to PDF] | |||
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