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Richardpruen (talk | contribs) (Added study showing 60% reduction in Parkinson's risk) |
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* During 9,201,647 person-years of observation, 628 men developed oral cancer. Compared to never-snus use, ever-snus use was not associated with oral cancer | * During 9,201,647 person-years of observation, 628 men developed oral cancer. Compared to never-snus use, ever-snus use was not associated with oral cancer | ||
* There were no clear trends in risk with duration or intensity of snus use, although lower intensity use (⩽ 4 cans/week) was associated with a reduced risk | * There were no clear trends in risk with duration or intensity of snus use, although lower intensity use (⩽ 4 cans/week) was associated with a reduced risk | ||
'''2019''': [https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-019-0335-1 Snus: a compelling harm reduction alternative to cigarettes] (E Clarke / K Thompson / S Weaver / J Thompson / G O’Connell) | |||
* "The available scientific data, including long-term population studies conducted by independent bodies, demonstrates that the health risks associated with snus are considerably lower than those associated with cigarette smoking." | |||
'''2015:''' T[https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntu224 ime to First Use Among Daily Smokers and Smokeless Tobacco Users] (B Rodu / N Plurphanswat / K Fagerström) | |||
* "[…] offering some support for the Fagerström-Eissenberg hypothesis that the dependence level of cigarettes is higher than that of ST." (certainly applies to Snus as well) | |||
'''2013''': [https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/nts185 Patterns of dual use of snus and cigarettes in a mature snus market] (K E Lund / A McNeill), n=3524 | |||
* Dual use is relatively small. Large percentage of users have stopped smoking, or are planning to by using snus. […] | |||
==== '''2012''': [https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7517-9-10 Contrasting snus and NRT as methods to quit smoking. an observational study] (J Scheffels / K E Lund / A McNeill) ==== | ==== '''2012''': [https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7517-9-10 Contrasting snus and NRT as methods to quit smoking. an observational study] (J Scheffels / K E Lund / A McNeill) ==== | ||
* "Norwegian men frequently use snus as a method for quitting smoking whereas women are more likely to use NRT. The findings indicate that switching to snus can be an effective method for quitting smoking." | |||
==== ''' | '''2016:''' [https://academic.oup.com/ije/article/46/3/872/2656164?login=false Moist smokeless tobacco (Snus) use and risk of Parkinson’s disease] '''(Fei Yang, Nancy L Pedersen, Weimin Ye, Zhiwei Liu, Margareta Norberg, Lars Forsgren, Ylva Trolle Lagerros, Rino Bellocco, Lars Alfredsson, Anders Knutsson)''' | ||
* "Among men who never smoked, ever-snus users had about 60% lower Parkinson's disease risk compared with never-snus users" | |||
==== '''2003:''' [https://doi.org/10.1136/tc.12.4.349 Effect of smokeless tobacco (snus) on smoking and public health in Sweden] (J Foulds / L Ramstrom / M Burke / K Fagerström) ==== | |||
* "Snus availability in Sweden appears to have contributed to the unusually low rates of smoking among Swedish men by helping them transfer to a notably less harmful form of nicotine dependence." | |||
== Other references == | == Other references == | ||
edits