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*Citation: Jason W. Flora, Naren Meruva, Chorng B. Huang, Celeste T. Wilkinson, Regina Ballentine, Donna C. Smith, Michael S. Werley, Willie J. McKinney, Characterization of potential impurities and degradation products in electronic cigarette formulations and aerosols, Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, Volume 74, 2016, Pages 1-11, ISSN 0273-2300, doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.11.009. | *Citation: Jason W. Flora, Naren Meruva, Chorng B. Huang, Celeste T. Wilkinson, Regina Ballentine, Donna C. Smith, Michael S. Werley, Willie J. McKinney, Characterization of potential impurities and degradation products in electronic cigarette formulations and aerosols, Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, Volume 74, 2016, Pages 1-11, ISSN 0273-2300, doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.11.009. | ||
*Keywords, E-cigarettes, E-vapor, Harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHC), Formulation, Aerosol | *Keywords, E-cigarettes, E-vapor, Harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHC), Formulation, Aerosol | ||
===2014 [https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2458-14-18 Peering through the mist: systematic review of what the chemistry of contaminants in electronic cigarettes tells us about health risks]=== | |||
*[[Abbreviations|Threshold Limit Values (TLVs)]], were conducted under “worst case” assumptions about both chemical content of aerosol and liquids as well as behavior of vapers. | |||
*There was no evidence of potential for exposures of e-cigarette users to contaminants that are associated with risk to health at a level that would warrant attention if it were an involuntary workplace exposures. | |||
*Current state of knowledge about chemistry of liquids and aerosols associated with electronic cigarettes indicates that there is no evidence that vaping produces inhalable exposures to contaminants of the aerosol that would warrant health concerns by the standards that are used to ensure safety of workplaces. However, the aerosol generated during vaping as a whole (contaminants plus declared ingredients) creates personal exposures that would justify surveillance of health among exposed persons in conjunction with investigation of means to keep any adverse health effects as low as reasonably achievable. | |||
*Exposures of bystanders are likely to be orders of magnitude less, and thus pose no apparent concern. | |||
*[https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/1471-2458-14-18.pdf PDF Version] | |||
*Burstyn, I. Peering through the mist: systematic review of what the chemistry of contaminants in electronic cigarettes tells us about health risks. BMC Public Health 14, 18 (2014). doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-18 | |||
*Acknowledgements: Funding for this work was provided by The Consumer Advocates for Smoke-free Alternatives Association (CASAA) Research Fund. CASAA is an all-volunteer, donation-funded, non-profit organization devoted to defending consumer access to and promoting tobacco harm reduction; it is a consumer (not industry) advocacy NGO. For more information, see http://casaa.org/. CASAA exercised no editorial control over the author’s writing or analysis: the author, not the funder, had full control of the content. | |||
*Keywords: Vaping, e-cigarettes, Tobacco harm reduction, Risk assessment, Aerosol, Occupational exposure limit | |||
===2013 [https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/353253 Electronic Cigarettes: A Short Review]=== | |||
*From our review of the literature and bearing in mind the long experience with theatrical mists, the short-term toxicity can be considered to be very low | |||
*Many smokers see the e-cigarette as a good way to quit smoking | |||
*[https://www.karger.com/Article/Pdf/353253 PDF Version] | |||
*Citation: J.F. Bertholon, M.H. Becquemin, Annesi-Maesano, B. Dautzenberg, Respiration 2013;86:433–438, Electronic Cigarettes: A Short Review, DOI: 10.1159/000353253 | |||
*Key Words: Electronic cigarettes, Propylene glycol, Nicotine | |||
==Flavoring in ENDS Products (Flavour)== | ==Flavoring in ENDS Products (Flavour)== | ||
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