ENDS Toxicity / Carcinogenic: Difference between revisions

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==Flavoring in ENDS Products==

==Flavoring in ENDS Products (Flavour)==

===2019 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0887233318307768?via%3Dihub High Content Screening in NHBE cells shows significantly reduced biological activity of flavoured e-liquids, when compared to cigarette smoke condensate]===

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*Farsalinos, K., Lagoumintzis, G. Toxicity classification of e-cigarette flavouring compounds based on European Union regulation: analysis of findings from a recent study. Harm Reduct J 16, 48 (2019). doi: 10.1186/s12954-019-0318-2

*Acknowledgements: The authors report no conflict of interest for the past 36 months. For the past 60 months, KF has published 2 studies funded by the non-profit association AEMSA and 1 study funded by the non-profit association Tennessee Smoke-Free Association.

===2018 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0278691518301339 Do flavouring compounds contribute to aldehyde emissions in e-cigarettes?]===

*Aldehyde emissions from all flavoured liquids were 79–99.8% lower than smoking and lower than commonly measured indoor levels and occupational and indoor safety limits.

*[https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.059 PDF Version]

*Citation: Konstantinos E. Farsalinos, Vassilis Voudris, Do flavouring compounds contribute to aldehyde emissions in e-cigarettes?, Food and Chemical Toxicology, volume 115, 2018, Pages 212-217, ISSN 0278-6915, doi:10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.059.

*Acknowledgements: The study was funded by Public Health England.

===2015 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0273230015001245?via%3Dihub An approach to ingredient screening and toxicological risk assessment of flavours in e-liquids]===

*Individual flavours or groups of flavours were added to the tobacco rod and the resultant smoke was analysed for priority smoke constituents and tested in several in vitro tests as well as 90-day rat inhalation studies. In general, addition of the flavours had no effect on, or reduced the levels of most of the measured smoke constituents.”

*[https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.05.018 PDF Version]

*Citation: S. Costigan, C. Meredith, An approach to ingredient screening and toxicological risk assessment of flavours in e-liquids, Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, Volume 72, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 361-369, ISSN 0273-2300, doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.05.018.

*Acknowledgements: This work was joint funded by Nicoventures and British American Tobacco (BAT), and the authors are full time employees of Nicoventures and British American Tobacco (BAT).

==Other ENDS Liquids Ingredients (PG/VG/Nicotine)==

@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
-==Flavoring in ENDS Products==
+==Flavoring in ENDS Products (Flavour)==
 ===2019 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0887233318307768?via%3Dihub High Content Screening in NHBE cells shows significantly reduced biological activity of flavoured e-liquids, when compared to cigarette smoke condensate]===
@@ Line 37: / Line 37: @@
 *Farsalinos, K., Lagoumintzis, G. Toxicity classification of e-cigarette flavouring compounds based on European Union regulation: analysis of findings from a recent study. Harm Reduct J 16, 48 (2019). doi: 10.1186/s12954-019-0318-2
 *Acknowledgements: The authors report no conflict of interest for the past 36 months. For the past 60 months, KF has published 2 studies funded by the non-profit association AEMSA and 1 study funded by the non-profit association Tennessee Smoke-Free Association.
+===2018 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0278691518301339 Do flavouring compounds contribute to aldehyde emissions in e-cigarettes?]===
+*Aldehyde emissions from all flavoured liquids were 79–99.8% lower than smoking and lower than commonly measured indoor levels and occupational and indoor safety limits.
+*[https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.059 PDF Version]
+*Citation: Konstantinos E. Farsalinos, Vassilis Voudris, Do flavouring compounds contribute to aldehyde emissions in e-cigarettes?, Food and Chemical Toxicology, volume 115, 2018, Pages 212-217, ISSN 0278-6915, doi:10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.059.
+*Acknowledgements: The study was funded by Public Health England.
+===2015 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0273230015001245?via%3Dihub An approach to ingredient screening and toxicological risk assessment of flavours in e-liquids]===
+*Individual flavours or groups of flavours were added to the tobacco rod and the resultant smoke was analysed for priority smoke constituents and tested in several in vitro tests as well as 90-day rat inhalation studies. In general, addition of the flavours had no effect on, or reduced the levels of most of the measured smoke constituents.”
+*[https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.05.018 PDF Version]
+*Citation: S. Costigan, C. Meredith, An approach to ingredient screening and toxicological risk assessment of flavours in e-liquids, Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, Volume 72, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 361-369, ISSN 0273-2300, doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.05.018.
+*Acknowledgements: This work was joint funded by Nicoventures and British American Tobacco (BAT), and the authors are full time employees of Nicoventures and British American Tobacco (BAT).
 ==Other ENDS Liquids Ingredients (PG/VG/Nicotine)==