Nicotine - Addiction/Dependence: Difference between revisions

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**Citation: Etter JF, Eissenberg T. Dependence levels in users of electronic cigarettes, nicotine gums and tobacco cigarettes. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015 Feb 1;147:68-75. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.12.007. Epub 2014 Dec 18. PMID: 25561385; PMCID: PMC4920051.

***This study was partly funded by the Swiss Tobacco Prevention Fund (Swiss Federal Office of Public Health), grant 12.000189 to JFE. The Swiss Tobacco Prevention Fund had no role in the design or conduct of the study, interpretation of the data or decision to submit the paper for publication. TE is supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the U.S. National Institutes of Health under Award Number P50DA036105 and the Center for Tobacco Products of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health or the Food and Drug Administration.

===2012 [https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3330136/ Clinical laboratory assessment of the abuse liability of an electronic cigarette]===

*Conclusion: Electronic cigarettes can deliver clinically significant amounts of nicotine and reduce cigarette abstinence symptoms and appear to have lower potential for abuse relative to traditional tobacco cigarettes, at least under certain laboratory conditions.

**Citation:Vansickel AR, Weaver MF, Eissenberg T. Clinical laboratory assessment of the abuse liability of an electronic cigarette. Addiction. 2012 Aug;107(8):1493-500. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03791.x. Epub 2012 May 8. PMID: 22229871; PMCID: PMC3330136.

***Acknowledgment: This work was partially funded by the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health RO1CA 120142 (awarded to Dr. Eissenberg). Dr. Vansickel was supported by National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health T32DA 007027. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

='''ENDS/E-Cigarettes/NVP/Vaping - Not Compared with Smoking Tobacco'''=

@@ Line 152: / Line 152: @@
 **Citation: Etter JF, Eissenberg T. Dependence levels in users of electronic cigarettes, nicotine gums and tobacco cigarettes. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015 Feb 1;147:68-75. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.12.007. Epub 2014 Dec 18. PMID: 25561385; PMCID: PMC4920051.
 ***This study was partly funded by the Swiss Tobacco Prevention Fund (Swiss Federal Office of Public Health), grant 12.000189 to JFE. The Swiss Tobacco Prevention Fund had no role in the design or conduct of the study, interpretation of the data or decision to submit the paper for publication. TE is supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the U.S. National Institutes of Health under Award Number P50DA036105 and the Center for Tobacco Products of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health or the Food and Drug Administration.
+===2012 [https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3330136/ Clinical laboratory assessment of the abuse liability of an electronic cigarette]===
+*Conclusion: Electronic cigarettes can deliver clinically significant amounts of nicotine and reduce cigarette abstinence symptoms and appear to have lower potential for abuse relative to traditional tobacco cigarettes, at least under certain laboratory conditions.
+**Citation:Vansickel AR, Weaver MF, Eissenberg T. Clinical laboratory assessment of the abuse liability of an electronic cigarette. Addiction. 2012 Aug;107(8):1493-500. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03791.x. Epub 2012 May 8. PMID: 22229871; PMCID: PMC3330136.
+***Acknowledgment: This work was partially funded by the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health RO1CA 120142 (awarded to Dr. Eissenberg). Dr. Vansickel was supported by National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health T32DA 007027. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
 ='''ENDS/E-Cigarettes/NVP/Vaping - Not Compared with Smoking Tobacco'''=