Nicotine therapeutic benefits: Difference between revisions

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=='''Mental Health - Schizophrenia'''==

===2024: [https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1427314/full The double-edged nature of nicotine: toxicities and therapeutic potentials]===

*Review includes human and animal studies.

*"Nicotine has been associated with positive effects on cognition and inflammation, which may benefit individuals with neurological and immune system disorders. As a stimulant, nicotine can bind to the acetylcholine receptors on neurons to promote the release of dopamine and alleviate various neurological diseases. Anti-inflammatory effects against some diseases are associated with the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Nicotine reduces the release of various inflammatory cytokines by binding to the macrophage surface receptors."

*"Nicotine can extensively improve cognition, which has long attracted the interest of researchers. This section introduces the therapeutic effects of nicotine on Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), schizophrenia, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and major depressive disorder (MDD)."

*"Inflammation involves multiple genes and signaling pathways. In addition, it promotes the occurrence and development of various diseases to varying degrees. Nicotine plays an active role in various immune disorders because of its broad anti-inflammatory properties. This section describes the therapeutic effects of nicotine in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), OA, sepsis, endotoxemia, ulcerative colitis (UC), and myocarditis."

**Citation: Cao, Y., Sun, J., Wang, X., Zhang, X., Tian, H., Huang, L., Huang, Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, J., Li, L., & Zhou, S. (2024). The double-edged nature of nicotine: Toxicities and therapeutic potentials. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 15, 1427314. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2024.1427314

***Acknowledgement: This work was financially supported by the Technology Project of Anhui Zhongyan Industry Co., Ltd. (2022156), Science and Technology Projects of State Tobacco Monopoly Administration (110202201046XX-05), Startup Program of XMU and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. Authors YC, XW, XZ, HT, YZ, JZ, and SZ were employed China Tobacco Anhui Industrial Co., Ltd.

===2022 [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.804055/full Evidence for Schizophrenia-Specific Pathophysiology of Nicotine Dependence]===

*Nicotine administration normalized DMN hyperconnectivity in schizophrenia. We here provide direct evidence that the biological basis of nicotine dependence is different in schizophrenia and in non-schizophrenia populations. Our results suggest the high prevalence of nicotine use in schizophrenia may be an attempt to correct a network deficit known to interfere with cognition.

@@ Line 1,086: / Line 1,086: @@
 =='''Mental Health - Schizophrenia'''==
+===2024: [https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1427314/full The double-edged nature of nicotine: toxicities and therapeutic potentials]===
+*Review includes human and animal studies.
+*"Nicotine has been associated with positive effects on cognition and inflammation, which may benefit individuals with neurological and immune system disorders. As a stimulant, nicotine can bind to the acetylcholine receptors on neurons to promote the release of dopamine and alleviate various neurological diseases. Anti-inflammatory effects against some diseases are associated with the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Nicotine reduces the release of various inflammatory cytokines by binding to the macrophage surface receptors."
+*"Nicotine can extensively improve cognition, which has long attracted the interest of researchers. This section introduces the therapeutic effects of nicotine on Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), schizophrenia, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and major depressive disorder (MDD)."
+*"Inflammation involves multiple genes and signaling pathways. In addition, it promotes the occurrence and development of various diseases to varying degrees. Nicotine plays an active role in various immune disorders because of its broad anti-inflammatory properties. This section describes the therapeutic effects of nicotine in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), OA, sepsis, endotoxemia, ulcerative colitis (UC), and myocarditis."
+**Citation: Cao, Y., Sun, J., Wang, X., Zhang, X., Tian, H., Huang, L., Huang, Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, J., Li, L., & Zhou, S. (2024). The double-edged nature of nicotine: Toxicities and therapeutic potentials. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 15, 1427314. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2024.1427314
+***Acknowledgement: This work was financially supported by the Technology Project of Anhui Zhongyan Industry Co., Ltd. (2022156), Science and Technology Projects of State Tobacco Monopoly Administration (110202201046XX-05), Startup Program of XMU and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. Authors YC, XW, XZ, HT, YZ, JZ, and SZ were employed China Tobacco Anhui Industrial Co., Ltd.
 ===2022 [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.804055/full Evidence for Schizophrenia-Specific Pathophysiology of Nicotine Dependence]===
 *Nicotine administration normalized DMN hyperconnectivity in schizophrenia. We here provide direct evidence that the biological basis of nicotine dependence is different in schizophrenia and in non-schizophrenia populations. Our results suggest the high prevalence of nicotine use in schizophrenia may be an attempt to correct a network deficit known to interfere with cognition.