Richardpruen (talk | contribs) (→Scientific studies and papers: added paper on indian SLT needs further data mining / bullets) |
Richardpruen (talk | contribs) (→Scientific studies and papers: added comparison of smoked vs smokeless tobacco) |
||
| Line 393: | Line 393: | ||
== Scientific studies and papers == | == Scientific studies and papers == | ||
* The products in question are better described as traditional recipes that contain tobacco (and much else). That doesn't inhibit the authors from drawing conclusions that range far beyond the products and geography of their study and chiming in with something about flavours, as that is the happening thing now. | === 2023: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37560082/ Death, Disability, and Premature Life Years Lost Due to Cigarettes, Bidis, and Smokeless Tobacco in India: A Comparative Assessment.] === | ||
* A total of 33 studies were included. PAF [population attributable fraction] was calculated for oral and lung cancer as well as ischemic heart disease (IHD) due to cigarettes, oral and lung cancer, IHD, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease due to bidi, and oral and stomach cancer and IHD due to SLT. | |||
* Cigarettes resulted in 8.4 million DALYs, 8.26 million YLLs, and 341 thousand deaths; Bidis led to 11.7 million DALYs, 10.7 million YLLs, and 478 thousand deaths (83 million users combined) | |||
* SLTs accounted for 4.38 million DALYs, 4.3 million YLLs, and 171 thousand deaths annually (191 million smokeless users) | |||
* I would be very time consuming to assess if they have properly attributed death and disease to these tobacco-use risks. It is complicated by the wide range of other risks that afflict, especially the poor and rural populations. Thus their number will be used as is, further analysis welcome: | |||
** Some normalising for population and user numbers would be helpful in giving a rough proxy for relative risk. In 2020, India had 274 million adult tobacco users, of which 83 million were smokers (cigarettes and bidis) and the (rest (191 m) were smokeless users (WHO data for 2020). Just using simple division: smoking = 242 DALY/100,000 users SLT = 23 DALY/100,000 users. | |||
** Obviously, massive caveats apply to this. But a crude first approximation suggests an '''order of magnitude''' difference in risks between Indian smoking and smokeless use. It would be better for smokers to switch to smokeless, even the toxic traditional South Asian recipes. | |||
=== 2023: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37264008/ Physical and chemical characterization of smokeless tobacco products in India.] === | |||
* The products in question are better described as traditional recipes that contain tobacco (and much else). That doesn't inhibit the authors from drawing conclusions that range far beyond the products and geography of their study and chiming in with something about flavours, as that is the happening thing now. | |||
* Needs reading as it may help differentiate the risk of some Indian SLT | * Needs reading as it may help differentiate the risk of some Indian SLT | ||
edits