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*Confusion may potentially be discouraging adult smokers from using alternative, less hazardous products which may ultimately result in a missed opportunity to positively impact health at both an individual and population level. | *Confusion may potentially be discouraging adult smokers from using alternative, less hazardous products which may ultimately result in a missed opportunity to positively impact health at both an individual and population level. | ||
*[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7501702/pdf/12954_2020_Article_410.pdf PDF Version] | *[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7501702/pdf/12954_2020_Article_410.pdf PDF Version] | ||
===2020: [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352853220300134 The impact of a comprehensive tobacco product flavor ban in San Francisco among young adults]=== | |||
*Among the 18–24 age group, there was a significant increase in cigarette smoking. | |||
*Cigarette smoking increased among 25–34 years old. | |||
*Banning flavors in e-cigarettes can push some e-cigarette users to turn to cigarette smoking and could prompt some youth to initiate into smoking instead of e-cigarette use. | |||
*The proportions of e-cigarettes, cigarettes, and cigars obtained over the internet increased after the ban, and the proportions obtained from retailers outside of San Francisco also increased overall. | |||
*[https://sci-hub.st/10.1016/j.abrep.2020.100273 PDF Version] | |||
===2019: [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306460318311821 The role of flavors in vaping initiation and satisfaction among U.S. adults]=== | ===2019: [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306460318311821 The role of flavors in vaping initiation and satisfaction among U.S. adults]=== | ||
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*This work provides preliminary evidence that restrictive regulations regarding key EC characteristics may increase intentions to increase CC use among young adult dual EC and CC users. | *This work provides preliminary evidence that restrictive regulations regarding key EC characteristics may increase intentions to increase CC use among young adult dual EC and CC users. | ||
*[https://sci-hub.se/10.1080/10826084.2019.1626435 PDF Version] | *[https://sci-hub.se/10.1080/10826084.2019.1626435 PDF Version] | ||
===2019: [https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/full/10.1513/AnnalsATS.201906-472OC Changes in Flavor Preference in a Cohort of Long-Term Electronic Cigarette Users]=== | |||
*It is also concerning that some established e-cigarette users believed that they would return to cigarette smoking if nontobacco e-cigarette flavors were banned. Thus, for adult e-cigarette users who use certain flavors to facilitate smoking cessation or reduction, banning all nontobacco flavors could precipitate relapse to smoking. | |||
*[https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1513/AnnalsATS.201906-472OC PDF Version] | |||
===2018: [https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=FDA-2017-N-6565-22941 Patterns of flavored e-cigarette use among adults vapers in the United States: an internet survey]=== | ===2018: [https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=FDA-2017-N-6565-22941 Patterns of flavored e-cigarette use among adults vapers in the United States: an internet survey]=== | ||
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*The most prevalent motivation for using e-cigarettes was to reduce tobacco smoking 48%, followed by quitting smoking 39.2%, and to use e-cigarettes in places where tobacco smoking was prohibited 10.2%. | *The most prevalent motivation for using e-cigarettes was to reduce tobacco smoking 48%, followed by quitting smoking 39.2%, and to use e-cigarettes in places where tobacco smoking was prohibited 10.2%. | ||
===2018: [https:// | ===2018: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6022703/ Changing patterns of first e-cigarette flavor used and current flavors used by 20,836 adult frequent e-cigarette users in the USA]=== | ||
* | *Adult frequent e-cigarette users in the USA who have completely switched from smoking cigarettes to using e-cigarettes are increasingly likely to have initiated e-cigarette use with non-tobacco flavors and to have transitioned from tobacco to non-tobacco flavors over time. Restricting access to non-tobacco e-cigarette flavors may discourage smokers from attempting to switch to e-cigarettes. | ||
*[https:// | *[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6022703/pdf/12954_2018_Article_238.pdf PDF Version] | ||
===2018: [https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/28/2/168 Should flavours be banned in cigarettes and e-cigarettes? Evidence on adult smokers and recent quitters from a discrete choice experiment]=== | |||
*A ban on flavoured e-cigarettes would likely increase the choice of cigarettes in smokers, the more harmful way of obtaining nicotine. | |||
*[https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/tobaccocontrol/28/2/168.full.pdf PDF Version] | |||
===2017: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5800112/ Differences between Dual Users and Switchers Center around Vaping Behavior and Its Experiences Rather than Beliefs and Attitudes]=== | ===2017: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5800112/ Differences between Dual Users and Switchers Center around Vaping Behavior and Its Experiences Rather than Beliefs and Attitudes]=== | ||
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*'''The two groups (dual users and switchers) reported mostly using a flavor other than tobacco'''. | *'''The two groups (dual users and switchers) reported mostly using a flavor other than tobacco'''. | ||
*[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5800112/pdf/ijerph-15-00012.pdf PDF Version] | *[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5800112/pdf/ijerph-15-00012.pdf PDF Version] | ||
===2016: [https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/25/Suppl_2/ii67 Cigarette smoking and electronic cigarette vaping patterns as a function of e-cigarette flavourings]=== | |||
*The findings suggest that adoption of e-cigarettes in smokers may influence smoking rates of people who smoke. | |||
*E-cigarette vaping rates are influenced by flavorings by people transistioning from smoking. | |||
*These findings have implications for the utility of e-cigarettes as a nicotine replacement device and for the regulation of e-cigarettes for harm reduction. | |||
*[https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/tobaccocontrol/25/Suppl_2/ii67.full.pdf PDF Version] | |||
===2015: [https://academic.oup.com/ntr/article-abstract/17/10/1255/1028251?redirectedFrom=fulltext The Impact of Flavor Descriptors on Nonsmoking Teens’ and Adult Smokers’ Interest in Electronic Cigarettes]=== | |||
*Nonsmoking teens’ interest in e-cigarettes was very low. | |||
*Adult smokers’ interest was significantly higher overall and for each flavor. | |||
*Teen interest did not vary by flavor, but adult interest did. | |||
*Past-30-day adult e-cigarette users had the greatest interest in e-cigarettes, and their interest was most affected by flavor. | |||
*'''Nonsmoking teens who had never tried e-cigarettes had the lowest interest in flavors''', followed by adults who had never tried e-cigarettes | |||
*[https://www.casaa.org/wp-content/uploads/Shiffman-on-flavors-1255-62.pdf PDF Version] | |||
===2015: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4808473/ Preferred Flavors and Reasons for E-cigarette Use and Discontinued Use Among Never, Current, and Former Smokers]=== | ===2015: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4808473/ Preferred Flavors and Reasons for E-cigarette Use and Discontinued Use Among Never, Current, and Former Smokers]=== | ||
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