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*Citation: Dave, D., Dench, D., Kenkel, D. et al. News that takes your breath away: risk perceptions during an outbreak of vaping-related lung injuries. J Risk Uncertain 60, 281–307 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11166-020-09329-2 | *Citation: Dave, D., Dench, D., Kenkel, D. et al. News that takes your breath away: risk perceptions during an outbreak of vaping-related lung injuries. J Risk Uncertain 60, 281–307 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11166-020-09329-2 | ||
*Acknowledgement: Dhaval Dave acknowledges support through grant R01DA039968 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. The authors are grateful to Cornell University and the Health Thought Leadership Network at Bentley University for funding the data collection. | *Acknowledgement: Dhaval Dave acknowledges support through grant R01DA039968 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. The authors are grateful to Cornell University and the Health Thought Leadership Network at Bentley University for funding the data collection. | ||
===2020: Sparking the Discussion about Vaping and Anesthesia: Comment=== | |||
The authors refer to an outbreak of 53 cases of e-cigarette and vaping–related lung injury, in which 84% of the cases admitted to the use of tetrahydrocannabinol products. The remaining 16% may have concealed the use of an illegal product, or not known what they were using. In those cases of e-cigarette and vaping–related lung injury where bronchoalveolar lavage was performed, 100% of the specimens were positive for vitamin E acetate, a dangerous contaminant in tetrahydrocannabinol oil. This outbreak is troubling but it is unrelated to the use of legal nicotine-based vaping products. | |||
===2020: Analysis of Cannabinoid-Containing Fluids in Illicit Vaping Cartridges Recovered from Pulmonary Injury Patients: Identification of Vitamin E Acetate as a Major Diluent=== | |||
As of December 12, 2019, the Wadsworth Center has analyzed 206 vaporizer fluids from 61 NYS EVALI cases. Of these, 147 contained THC, and 59 contained nicotine. Of the 147 THC-containing fluids, 101 (69%) contained VEA. In the nicotine-containing products we analyzed, we detected no unusual compounds that appeared to be of concern. | |||
There is additional evidence of a strong association of VEA with EVALI. In the initial analyses of bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from EVALI patients, 28 of 28 fluids contained vitamin E acetate. | |||
===2020: Vitamin E Acetate in Bronchoalveolar-Lavage Fluid Associated with EVALI=== | |||
The FDA detected no vitamin E acetate in 197 case-associated nicotine products analyzed to date. The viscosity of vitamin E acetate makes it undesirable as an additive to nicotine solutions. | |||
Data that have been reported to date indicate that vitamin E acetate in the supply of THC-containing products and use among patients with EVALI aligns with the timing of the 2019 EVALI outbreak. In Minnesota, 10 of 10 products seized by law enforcement during 2018, before the EVALI outbreak, did not contain vitamin E acetate, whereas 20 of 20 THC-containing products seized by law enforcement during September 2019, at the peak of the outbreak, contained vitamin E acetate. | |||
Pure THC oil has a viscosity like that of vitamin E acetate. Cutting THC oil with vitamin E acetate has been reported to be common in the illicit market. | |||
===2020: Association of vaping‐related lung injuries with rates of e‐cigarette and cannabis use across US states=== | |||
These findings are consistent with evidence linking theEVALI outbreak to vitamin E acetate and informally purchased or modified THC e‐liquids, as opposed to use of well‐established nicotine e‐cigarettes. | |||
===2019 - December 20: [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1916433?fbclid=IwAR3Qt3IWJlBf3g3kW9RBWQJTza3CAMr0UsoRrFk3peCeEDX5wGooCAGkmBQ Vitamin E Acetate in Bronchoalveolar-Lavage Fluid Associated with EVALI]=== | ===2019 - December 20: [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1916433?fbclid=IwAR3Qt3IWJlBf3g3kW9RBWQJTza3CAMr0UsoRrFk3peCeEDX5wGooCAGkmBQ Vitamin E Acetate in Bronchoalveolar-Lavage Fluid Associated with EVALI]=== | ||
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*Citation: See Study | *Citation: See Study | ||
*Acknowledgement: Supported by a grant (P50CA180908) from the National Cancer Institute and a grant (P30CA016058) from the FDA Center for Tobacco Products; and by Ohio State University Pelotonia Intramural Research. | *Acknowledgement: Supported by a grant (P50CA180908) from the National Cancer Institute and a grant (P30CA016058) from the FDA Center for Tobacco Products; and by Ohio State University Pelotonia Intramural Research. | ||
===2019: 2019: Vaping and lung disease in the US: PHE’s advice=== | |||
Dr Dana Meaney-Delman, head of the CDC team investigating the outbreak has reported that “We've narrowed this clearly to THC-containing products that are associated with most patients who are experiencing lung injury. The specific substance or substances we have not identified yet”. | |||
We need to be clear about what this outbreak is and is not. It is not a problem linked to long-term use of regulated nicotine vaping products. If it were, we would expect to see a very different demographic profile affected, more typical of long term vapers. | |||
PHE has not changed its advice on nicotine containing e-cigarettes: Smokers should consider switching completely and vapers should stop smoking. | |||
The evidence still shows that vaping carries a small fraction of the risk of smoking. Using a nicotine-containing e-cigarette makes it much more likely someone will quit successfully than relying on willpower alone. But it’s important to use regulated e-liquids and never risk vaping home-made or illicit e-liquids or adding substances. | |||
==Media== | ==Media== | ||
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