(added content) |
|||
| Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
*'''Any policy that harms the exclusive makers of reduced-risk products such as e-cigarettes more than the makers of traditional cigarettes is not in the interests of public health. ''' | *'''Any policy that harms the exclusive makers of reduced-risk products such as e-cigarettes more than the makers of traditional cigarettes is not in the interests of public health. ''' | ||
*Report Author (55 pages): Guy Bentley | *Report Author (55 pages): Guy Bentley | ||
===2016: [https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/25/Suppl_2/ii67 Cigarette smoking and electronic cigarette vaping patterns as a function of e-cigarette flavourings]=== | |||
*The findings suggest that adoption of e-cigarettes in smokers may influence smoking rates of people who smoke. | |||
*'''E-cigarette vaping rates are influenced by flavorings by people transitioning from smoking'''. | |||
*These findings have implications for the utility of e-cigarettes as a nicotine replacement device and for the regulation of e-cigarettes for harm reduction. | |||
*[https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/tobaccocontrol/25/Suppl_2/ii67.full.pdf PDF Version] | |||
*Citation: Litt MD, Duffy V, Oncken C. Cigarette smoking and electronic cigarette vaping patterns as a function of e-cigarette flavourings, Tobacco Control 2016;25:ii67-ii72. | |||
*Acknowledgement: Support for this project was provided by Grant 1 R01 DA036492 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse, and in part by General Clinical Research Center Grant M01-RR06192 from the National Institutes of Health. | |||
| Line 47: | Line 56: | ||
*Citation: Ann Am Thorac Soc Vol 17, No 5, pp 573–581, May 2020, Copyright © 2020 by the American Thoracic Society, DOI: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201906-472OC | *Citation: Ann Am Thorac Soc Vol 17, No 5, pp 573–581, May 2020, Copyright © 2020 by the American Thoracic Society, DOI: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201906-472OC | ||
*Acknowledgement: Supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Center for Tobacco Products of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (P50-DA-036107) for the Penn State Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science. | *Acknowledgement: Supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Center for Tobacco Products of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (P50-DA-036107) for the Penn State Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science. | ||
===2018 [https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=FDA-2017-N-6565-22941 Patterns of flavored e-cigarette use among adults vapers in the United States: an internet survey]=== | |||
*Survey results submitted to the FDA | |||
*In conclusion, this cross-sectional study of a very large sample of adult US e-cigarette users, most of which were former smokers, identified the importance of non-tobacco flavors in e-cigarette use initiation and sustained use, and their contribution to smoking cessation and relapse prevention. *'''This information should be considered by regulators in order to avoid unintentional adverse effects of over-restrictive regulation on e-cigarette flavors'''. | |||
*[https://www.regulations.gov/contentStreamer?documentId=FDA-2017-N-6565-22941&attachmentNumber=1&contentType=pdf PDF Version] | |||
*Citation: Konstantinos Farsalinos, MD, MPH, Christopher Russell, PhD, George Lagoumintzis, PhD, Konstantinos Poulas, Submitted to: Docket No. FDA-2017 N-6565 for “Regulation of Flavors in Tobacco Products.” | |||
===2018: [https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/28/2/168 Should flavours be banned in cigarettes and e-cigarettes? Evidence on adult smokers and recent quitters from a discrete choice experiment]=== | |||
*'''A ban on flavoured e-cigarettes would likely increase the choice of cigarettes in smokers, the more harmful way of obtaining nicotine.''' | |||
*[https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/tobaccocontrol/28/2/168.full.pdf PDF Version] | |||
*Citation:Buckell J, Marti J, Sindelar JLShould flavours be banned in cigarettes and e-cigarettes? Evidence on adult smokers and recent quitters from a discrete choice experimentTobacco Control 2019;28:168-175. | |||
*Acknowledgement: Research reported in this publication was supported by grant number P50DA036151 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and FDA Center for Tobacco Products (CTP). | |||
| Line 79: | Line 100: | ||
===2019: [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306460318311821 The role of flavors in vaping initiation and satisfaction among U.S. adults]=== | ===2019: [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306460318311821 The role of flavors in vaping initiation and satisfaction among U.S. adults]=== | ||
*Most common reasons for vaping initiation were as an alternative to cigarettes (43.7%) and because respondents viewed e-cigarettes as less harmful than other tobacco products (31.2%). Flavor was the third most commonly reported reason. | *Most common reasons for vaping initiation were as an alternative to cigarettes (43.7%) and because respondents viewed e-cigarettes as less harmful than other tobacco products (31.2%). Flavor was the third most commonly reported reason. | ||
*Satisfaction among those who bought flavored e-liquid was higher than those who did not buy flavored e-liquid. | *'''Satisfaction among those who bought flavored e-liquid was higher than those who did not buy flavored e-liquid'''. | ||
*[https://sci-hub.st/10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106077# PDF Version] | *[https://sci-hub.st/10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106077# PDF Version] | ||
*Citation: Landry, R. L., Groom, A. L., Vu, T.-H. T., Stokes, A. C., Berry, K. M., Kesh, A., … Payne, T. J. (2019). The role of flavors in vaping initiation and satisfaction among U.S. adults. Addictive Behaviors, 106077. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106077 | *Citation: Landry, R. L., Groom, A. L., Vu, T.-H. T., Stokes, A. C., Berry, K. M., Kesh, A., … Payne, T. J. (2019). The role of flavors in vaping initiation and satisfaction among U.S. adults. Addictive Behaviors, 106077. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106077 | ||
*This research was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the FDA Center for Tobacco Products (CTP) under Awards P50HL120163 and U54HL120163. | *This research was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the FDA Center for Tobacco Products (CTP) under Awards P50HL120163 and U54HL120163. | ||
===2017 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5800112/ Differences between Dual Users and Switchers Center around Vaping Behavior and Its Experiences Rather than Beliefs and Attitudes]=== | |||
*To the extent that dual users substantially lower the number of cigarettes, they will reduce health risks from smoking. However, from a medical point of view, exclusive vaping is preferable to dual use; | |||
*Differences between dual users and switchers center around variables proximal to the vaping behavior and its experienced effects rather than hinging on more general vaping-related beliefs and attitudes. | |||
*After e-cig initiation, dual users decreased tobacco consumption by 82% and were low-to-moderately cigarette dependent. | |||
*'''The two groups (dual users and switchers) reported mostly using a flavor other than tobacco'''. | |||
*[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5800112/pdf/ijerph-15-00012.pdf PDF Version] | |||
*Citation: Adriaens K, Van Gucht D, Baeyens F. Differences between Dual Users and Switchers Center around Vaping Behavior and Its Experiences Rather than Beliefs and Attitudes. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Dec 23;15(1):12. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15010012. PMID: 29295483; PMCID: PMC5800112. | |||
=Use of Flavors (Youth to Sr. Citizens) - Studies / Papers= | =Use of Flavors (Youth to Sr. Citizens) - Studies / Papers= | ||
| Line 93: | Line 124: | ||
*Citation: Mei-Ling Blank, MPH, Janet Hoek, PhD, Choice and variety-seeking of e-liquids and flavour categories by New Zealand smokers using an electronic cigarette: a longitudinal study, Nicotine & Tobacco Research, , ntaa248, doi:10.1093/ntr/ntaa248 | *Citation: Mei-Ling Blank, MPH, Janet Hoek, PhD, Choice and variety-seeking of e-liquids and flavour categories by New Zealand smokers using an electronic cigarette: a longitudinal study, Nicotine & Tobacco Research, , ntaa248, doi:10.1093/ntr/ntaa248 | ||
*Acknowledgement: Royal Society of New Zealand Marsden Fund Grant (17-UOO-129) to Janet Hoek (PI), Mei-Ling Blank (AI), Tamlin Conner (AI), Shelagh Ferguson (AI), and Lee Thompson (AI). Both authors are members of ASPIRE 2025, a research collaboration working to achieve the New Zealand Government's Smokefree 2025 goal. | *Acknowledgement: Royal Society of New Zealand Marsden Fund Grant (17-UOO-129) to Janet Hoek (PI), Mei-Ling Blank (AI), Tamlin Conner (AI), Shelagh Ferguson (AI), and Lee Thompson (AI). Both authors are members of ASPIRE 2025, a research collaboration working to achieve the New Zealand Government's Smokefree 2025 goal. | ||
===2018: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6022703/ Changing patterns of first e-cigarette flavor used and current flavors used by 20,836 adult frequent e-cigarette users in the USA]=== | |||
*Adult frequent e-cigarette users in the USA who have completely switched from smoking cigarettes to using e-cigarettes are increasingly likely to have initiated e-cigarette use with non-tobacco flavors and to have transitioned from tobacco to non-tobacco flavors over time. '''Restricting access to non-tobacco e-cigarette flavors may discourage smokers from attempting to switch to e-cigarettes'''. | |||
[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6022703/pdf/12954_2018_Article_238.pdf PDF Version] | |||
*Citation: Russell C, McKeganey N, Dickson T, Nides M. Changing patterns of first e-cigarette flavor used and current flavors used by 20,836 adult frequent e-cigarette users in the USA. Harm Reduct J. 2018 Jun 28;15(1):33. doi: 10.1186/s12954-018-0238-6. PMID: 29954412; PMCID: PMC6022703. | |||
*Acknowledgements: The authors are grateful to Julie Woessner and Alex Clark (Consumer Advocates for Smoke-free Alternatives Association), Stefan Didak and Danielle Bloss (Not Blowing Smoke), Gregory Conley (American Vaping Association), Cynthia Cabrera (Cating Group), and the Board of the Smoke-Free Alternatives Trade Association, without whose assistance this study would not have been possible. Fontem Ventures, a company that makes e-cigarettes, and a wholly owned subsidiary of Imperial Brands PLC provided funding for this study. | |||
edits