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===2020: [https://www.nber.org/papers/w27507 E-Cigarettes and Respiratory Disease: A Replication, Extension, and Future Directions]=== | ===2020: [https://www.nber.org/papers/w27507 E-Cigarettes and Respiratory Disease: A Replication, Extension, and Future Directions]=== | ||
The statistical associations between e-cigarette use and respiratory disease are driven by e-cigarette users who are also current or former smokers of combustible tobacco. | *The statistical associations between e-cigarette use and respiratory disease are driven by e-cigarette users who are also current or former smokers of combustible tobacco. | ||
A striking feature of the data is that almost all e-cigarette users were either current or former smokers of combustible tobacco. | *A striking feature of the data is that almost all e-cigarette users were either current or former smokers of combustible tobacco. | ||
Among respondents who had never smoked combustible tobacco, we find no evidence that current or former e-cigarette use is associated with respiratory disease. | *Among respondents who had never smoked combustible tobacco, we find no evidence that current or former e-cigarette use is associated with respiratory disease. | ||
[https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w27507/w27507.pdf Link to PDF] | |||
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===2020: [https://academic.oup.com/ntr/article/22/Supplement_1/S54/5893624?login=true Exclusive e-cigarette users report lower levels of respiratory symptoms relative to dual e-cigarette and cigarette users]=== | ===2020: [https://academic.oup.com/ntr/article/22/Supplement_1/S54/5893624?login=true Exclusive e-cigarette users report lower levels of respiratory symptoms relative to dual e-cigarette and cigarette users]=== | ||
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