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*https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4387635/?report=printablePrintable Version | *https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4387635/?report=printablePrintable Version | ||
*Citation: Motamedi MR, Golestannejad Z. Use of pure nicotine for the treatment of aphthous ulcers. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2015 Mar-Apr;12(2):197-8. PMID: 25878688; PMCID: PMC4387635. | *Citation: Motamedi MR, Golestannejad Z. Use of pure nicotine for the treatment of aphthous ulcers. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2015 Mar-Apr;12(2):197-8. PMID: 25878688; PMCID: PMC4387635. | ||
===2011 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306987711001691?via%3Dihub Occurrence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis only on lining mucosa and its relationship to smoking – A possible hypothesis]=== | |||
*In addition, nicotine or its metabolites can result in decrease of pro-inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukins 1 and 6, and increase of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10. Consequently, there is reduced susceptibility to RAS due to immunosuppression and/or reduction in inflammatory response. | |||
*[https://sci-hub.st/10.1016/j.mehy.2011.04.006 PDF Version] | |||
*Subramanyam, R. V. (2011). Occurrence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis only on lining mucosa and its relationship to smoking – A possible hypothesis. Medical Hypotheses, 77(2), 185–187. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2011.04.006 | |||
===2002 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12108762/ Minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis and smoking: an epidemiological study measuring plasma cotinine]=== | |||
*NOTE: Safer Nicotine Wiki does NOT endorse smoking for any potential therapeutic benefits. Smoking has too many severe consequences. Studies showing that less people who smoke end up with a specific ailment are included to show the potential benefits of the nicotine. | |||
* This study shows that a group of RAS patients is significantly less likely to contain smokers than a matched control population, and among smokers the level of cigarette use was significantly lower in RAS patients than the control population. The perceived negative association between RAS and smoking was supported by this epidemiological study. | |||
*[https://sci-hub.st/10.1034/j.1601-0825.2002.01826.x PDF Version] | |||
*Citation: Atkin PA, Xu X, Thornhill MH. Minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis and smoking: an epidemiological study measuring plasma cotinine. Oral Dis. 2002 May;8(3):173-6. doi: 10.1034/j.1601-0825.2002.01826.x. PMID: 12108762. | |||
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