(New Category: Allergies) |
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*The overall results indicate that nicotine and modafinil co-administration rescued brain from MDMA-induced neurotoxicity. We suggest that nicotine and modafinil combination therapy could be considered as a possible treatment to reduce the neurological disorders induced by MDMA. (Note: AKA ecstasy) | *The overall results indicate that nicotine and modafinil co-administration rescued brain from MDMA-induced neurotoxicity. We suggest that nicotine and modafinil combination therapy could be considered as a possible treatment to reduce the neurological disorders induced by MDMA. (Note: AKA ecstasy) | ||
*Citation: Kowsari G, Mehrabi S, Soleimani Asl S, Pourhamzeh M, Mousavizadeh K, Mehdizadeh M. Nicotine and modafinil combination protects against the neurotoxicity induced by 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine in hippocampal neurons of male rats. J Chem Neuroanat. 2021 Jun 10;116:101986. doi: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.101986. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34119664. | *Citation: Kowsari G, Mehrabi S, Soleimani Asl S, Pourhamzeh M, Mousavizadeh K, Mehdizadeh M. Nicotine and modafinil combination protects against the neurotoxicity induced by 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine in hippocampal neurons of male rats. J Chem Neuroanat. 2021 Jun 10;116:101986. doi: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.101986. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34119664. | ||
<br> | |||
='''Allergies / Hayfever / Histamines'''= | |||
===2017: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5440386/ Investigating the causal effect of smoking on hay fever and asthma: a Mendelian randomization meta-analysis in the CARTA consortium]=== | |||
*Our results suggest that smoking may be causally related to a higher risk of asthma and a slightly lower risk of hay fever. However, the adverse events associated with smoking limit its clinical significance. | |||
*Citation: Skaaby T, Taylor AE, Jacobsen RK, et al. Investigating the causal effect of smoking on hay fever and asthma: a Mendelian randomization meta-analysis in the CARTA consortium. Sci Rep. 2017 May 22;7(1):2224. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-01977-w. PMID: 28533558; PMCID: PMC5440386. | |||
*Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the Medical Research Council (grant numbers: MR/J01351X/1, MC_UU_12013/6). The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research is an independent Research Center at the University of Copenhagen partially funded by an unrestricted donation from the Novo Nordisk Foundation (www.metabol.ku.dk). | |||
===2009: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2614131/?ref=blog.lucy.co Nicotine Primarily Suppresses Lung Th2 but not Goblet Cell and Muscle Cell Responses to Allergens]=== | |||
*Animal Study | |||
*These results suggest that nicotine modulates allergy/asthma primarily by suppressing eosinophil trafficking and suppressing Th2 cytokine/chemokine responses without reducing goblet cell metaplasia, mucous production, and may explain the lower risk of allergic diseases in smokers. To our knowledge this is the first direct evidence that nicotine modulates allergic responses. | |||
*Citation: Mishra NC, Rir-Sima-Ah J, Langley RJ, et al. Nicotine primarily suppresses lung Th2 but not goblet cell and muscle cell responses to allergens. J Immunol. 2008 Jun 1;180(11):7655-63. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.11.7655. PMID: 18490768; PMCID: PMC2614131. | |||
Acknowledgments: This work was supported in part by grants from the National Institutes of Health (RO1 DA017003, R01 DA04208-15, and RO1DA042087S). | |||
===2004: [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00011-004-1249-1 The effect of nicotine on basophil histamine release]=== | |||
*This study has demonstrated that nicotine agonists inhibit histamine release from human basophils. | |||
*[https://sci-hub.st/10.1007/s00011-004-1249-1 PDF Full Version] | |||
*Citation: Thompson-Cree, M.E.M., Stevenson, M.R., Shields, M.D. et al. The effect of nicotine on basophil histamine release. Inflamm. res. 53, 211–214 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-004-1249-1 | |||
<br> | <br> | ||
='''Alzheimer / Dementia / Mild Cognitive Imparement (MCI)'''= | ='''Alzheimer / Dementia / Mild Cognitive Imparement (MCI)'''= | ||
===2013 [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12017-013-8242-1 Nicotine Prevents Synaptic Impairment Induced by Amyloid-β Oligomers Through α7-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Activation]=== | ===2013 [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12017-013-8242-1 Nicotine Prevents Synaptic Impairment Induced by Amyloid-β Oligomers Through α7-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Activation]=== | ||
*Animal Study | *Animal Study | ||
*Taken together, these results demonstrate that nicotine prevents memory deficits and synaptic impairment induced by Aβ oligomers. In addition, nicotine improves memory in young APP/PS1 transgenic mice before extensive amyloid deposition and senile plaque development, and also in old mice where senile plaques have already formed. | *Taken together, these results demonstrate that nicotine prevents memory deficits and synaptic impairment induced by Aβ oligomers. In addition, nicotine improves memory in young APP/PS1 transgenic mice before extensive amyloid deposition and senile plaque development, and also in old mice where senile plaques have already formed. | ||
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===2012 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3466669/ Nicotine treatment of mild cognitive impairment A 6-month double-blind pilot clinical trial]=== | ===2012 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3466669/ Nicotine treatment of mild cognitive impairment A 6-month double-blind pilot clinical trial]=== | ||
*The secondary outcome measures showed significant nicotine-associated improvements in attention, memory, and psychomotor speed, and improvements were seen in patient/informant ratings of cognitive impairment. | *The secondary outcome measures showed significant nicotine-associated improvements in attention, memory, and psychomotor speed, and improvements were seen in patient/informant ratings of cognitive impairment. | ||
*Safety and tolerability for transdermal nicotine were excellent. | *Safety and tolerability for transdermal nicotine were excellent. | ||
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===1996 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9006184/ Does nicotine have beneficial effects in the treatment of certain diseases?]=== | ===1996 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9006184/ Does nicotine have beneficial effects in the treatment of certain diseases?]=== | ||
*nicotine may have therapeutic uses in the treatment of [[Special:MyLanguage/Abbreviations|'''Alzheimer's disease (AD)''']]. | *nicotine may have therapeutic uses in the treatment of [[Special:MyLanguage/Abbreviations|'''Alzheimer's disease (AD)''']]. | ||
*Drug companies have often refused to fund legitimate and valid research into the potential therapeutic use of nicotine owing to its association with smoking and its image of an abusable drug. Many in the health profession fail to acknowledge the evidence which suggests that nicotine may have potential therapeutic value. | *Drug companies have often refused to fund legitimate and valid research into the potential therapeutic use of nicotine owing to its association with smoking and its image of an abusable drug. Many in the health profession fail to acknowledge the evidence which suggests that nicotine may have potential therapeutic value. | ||
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===1992 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1410164/ Effects of acute subcutaneous nicotine on attention, information processing and short-term memory in Alzheimer's disease]=== | ===1992 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1410164/ Effects of acute subcutaneous nicotine on attention, information processing and short-term memory in Alzheimer's disease]=== | ||
*Nicotine significantly improved sustained visual attention (in both RVIP and DRMLO tasks), reaction time (in both FT and RVIP tasks), and perception (CFF task--both ascending and descending thresholds). | *Nicotine significantly improved sustained visual attention (in both RVIP and DRMLO tasks), reaction time (in both FT and RVIP tasks), and perception (CFF task--both ascending and descending thresholds). | ||
*[https://sci-hub.st/10.1007/BF02247426 PDF Version] | *[https://sci-hub.st/10.1007/BF02247426 PDF Version] | ||
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===1991 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1859921/ Beneficial effects of nicotine]=== | ===1991 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1859921/ Beneficial effects of nicotine]=== | ||
*When chronically taken, nicotine may result in enhancement of performance, and protection against Alzheimer's disease (other diseases mentioned in study) | *When chronically taken, nicotine may result in enhancement of performance, and protection against Alzheimer's disease (other diseases mentioned in study) | ||
*[https://sci-hub.st/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01810.x PDF version] | *[https://sci-hub.st/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01810.x PDF version] | ||
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===1989 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2597885/ The effects of nicotine on attention, information processing, and short-term memory in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type]=== | ===1989 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2597885/ The effects of nicotine on attention, information processing, and short-term memory in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type]=== | ||
*Nicotine in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) produced a significant and marked improvement in discriminative sensitivity and reaction times on a computerised test of attention and information processing. Nicotine also improved the ability of DAT patients to detect a flickering light in a critical flicker fusion test. These results suggest that nicotine may be acting on cortical mechanisms involved in visual perception and attention, and support the hypothesis that acetylcholine transmission modulates vigilance and discrimination. Nicotine may therefore be of some value in treating deficits in attention and information processing in DAT patients. | *Nicotine in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) produced a significant and marked improvement in discriminative sensitivity and reaction times on a computerised test of attention and information processing. Nicotine also improved the ability of DAT patients to detect a flickering light in a critical flicker fusion test. These results suggest that nicotine may be acting on cortical mechanisms involved in visual perception and attention, and support the hypothesis that acetylcholine transmission modulates vigilance and discrimination. Nicotine may therefore be of some value in treating deficits in attention and information processing in DAT patients. | ||
*[https://sci-hub.st/10.1192/bjp.154.6.797 PDF Version] | *[https://sci-hub.st/10.1192/bjp.154.6.797 PDF Version] | ||
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