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'''Studies, Surveys, Papers, and Case Studies''' | '''Studies, Surveys, Papers, and Case Studies''' | ||
*Sometimes it's necessary to view the PDF version to access the full study. | *Sometimes it's necessary to view the PDF version to access the full study. | ||
*This page is for referencing the possible benefits of [[Abbreviations|'''ENDS''']] products vs. smoking cigarettes from a Public Health standpoint. (Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems are also known as vapor technology, | *This page is for referencing the possible benefits of [[Abbreviations|'''ENDS''']] products vs. smoking cigarettes from a Public Health standpoint. (Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems are also known as vapor technology, e-cigarettes, ecigs, EVP, etc.) | ||
*If you'd prefer someone else to add a study to a topic, there is a subject section called "Suggested studies to add to this page". You may put the link in that section for one of the regular page editors to address. | *If you'd prefer someone else to add a study to a topic, there is a subject section called "Suggested studies to add to this page". You may put the link in that section for one of the regular page editors to address. | ||
*If you'd like to help add content to this page, please see the directions at the bottom of the page. | *If you'd like to help add content to this page, please see the directions at the bottom of the page. | ||
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= Ethics = | |||
=== 2021: [https://academic.oup.com/ntr/issue/23/1 Ethics and Harm Reduction Approaches in Tobacco Control] (Special journal edition) === | |||
* This special issue of ''Nicotine and Tobacco Research'' focuses on the ethical aspects of tobacco harm reduction as a strategy in tobacco control. Several of the papers arise from presentations given in May 2018 at a Summer Academy on population-level bioethics hosted by the Brocher Foundation, organized by Samia Hurst, Dan Wikler, Nir Eyal, and Monica Magalhaes, specifically focusing on tobacco control. This event led to a call for papers for this journal. | |||
* The polarization of this debate and the impact this has on trainees and early career researchers and professionals in the field of nicotine and tobacco is discussed in the commentary by Carroll and colleagues. | |||
* This further motivates the search for ethical principles, which can explain why participants in these debates take the positions they do, and assist us to find an ethical position that can clarify and guide policy choice. | |||
* Thomas and colleagues consider the debate from the point of view of three major analytical approaches in bioethics—utilitarianism, (individual oriented) bioethics, and public health ethics—arguing that the first is not adequate to tackle the problems, but that the latter approaches are in fact complementary and draw to similar conclusions. | |||
* The papers in this issue consider what may be familiar problems to most readers of this journal, but in possibly unfamiliar ways drawing from the discipline of philosophy. | |||
=== 2019: [https://doi.org/10.1007/s12152-019-09402-x A critical analysis of Australia’s ban on the sale of electronic nicotine delivery systems] === | |||
* Australia does not allow adult smokers to buy or use electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) that contain nicotine without a prescription. This paper critically evaluates the empirical and ethical justifications provided for the policy by Federal and State governments, public health advocates and health organisations. | |||
* We also argue that even if the evidence were stronger, it would not justify denying adult smokers the right to use ENDS either to quit smoking or as a long-term alternative to smoking cigarettes. | |||
* We outline ENDS policies that would more ethically address the public health concerns that motivated the current policy by allowing adult smokers to access ENDS for smoking cessation or tobacco harm reduction under tight regulations that discourage commercial promotion and adolescent use. | |||
* Hall, W., Morphett, K. & Gartner, C. A ''Neuroethics'' '''14''' (Suppl 3), 323–331 (2021). <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s12152-019-09402-x</nowiki> | |||
=Mental Health= | =Mental Health= | ||
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===See Also=== | ===See Also=== | ||
*[[ | *[[Nicotine therapeutic benefits|Mental Health under: Nicotine Therapeutic Benefits]] | ||
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===2018: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29570695/ Lack of Substantial Post-Cessation Weight Increase in Electronic Cigarettes Users]=== | ===2018: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29570695/ Lack of Substantial Post-Cessation Weight Increase in Electronic Cigarettes Users]=== | ||
“Conclusion: Within the study limitations, EC use may help smokers attenuate cigarette consumption or remain abstinent, as well as reduce their post-cessation weight increase. The potential role of the e-vapour category for harm minimization in relation to tobacco and/or food abuse requires confirmation from larger prospective studies. Moreover, the observed lack of post-cessation weight gain in those who reduced substantially cigarette consumption by switching to ECs (i.e., dual users) is an interesting finding and calls for further research investigating the role of nicotine in weight control. Meanwhile, these preliminary findings should be communicated to smokers and particularly to weight-conscious smokers intending to quit. | *“Conclusion: Within the study limitations, EC use may help smokers attenuate cigarette consumption or remain abstinent, as well as reduce their post-cessation weight increase. The potential role of the e-vapour category for harm minimization in relation to tobacco and/or food abuse requires confirmation from larger prospective studies. Moreover, the observed lack of post-cessation weight gain in those who reduced substantially cigarette consumption by switching to ECs (i.e., dual users) is an interesting finding and calls for further research investigating the role of nicotine in weight control. Meanwhile, these preliminary findings should be communicated to smokers and particularly to weight-conscious smokers intending to quit. | ||
By combining substantial reduction of smoking with prevention of post-cessation weight gain, EC-based interventions may promote an overall improvement in quality of life. Considering that the negative effects of weight increase could overshadow the health benefits of smoking abstinence, it is important to stimulate more research in this area.” | *By combining substantial reduction of smoking with prevention of post-cessation weight gain, EC-based interventions may promote an overall improvement in quality of life. Considering that the negative effects of weight increase could overshadow the health benefits of smoking abstinence, it is important to stimulate more research in this area.” | ||
===2018: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28525609/ E-cigarettes and Weight Loss—Product Design Innovation Insights From Industry Patents]=== | ===2018: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28525609/ E-cigarettes and Weight Loss—Product Design Innovation Insights From Industry Patents]=== | ||
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=Suggested studies to add to this page= | =Suggested studies to add to this page= | ||
[[File:Data reliability.png|alt=The data reliability pyramid. Shows the quality of various data from expert opinion at the bottom to systematic review at the top (lowest quality at bottom, highest at top)|center|frame|The data reliability pyramid]] | |||
=== 2023: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37041005/ Vaping: Government announces "swap to stop" scheme to cut smoking rates.] === | === 2023: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37041005/ Vaping: Government announces "swap to stop" scheme to cut smoking rates.] === | ||
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Click on the category link below for more studies by topic on ENDS and Nicotine. | Click on the category link below for more studies by topic on ENDS and Nicotine. | ||
[[Category:Studies, Surveys, and Papers]] | [[Category:Studies, Surveys, and Papers]] | ||
[[Category:THR Advocacy Group]] | |||
[[Category:Smoking cessation]] | |||
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