Richardpruen (talk | contribs) |
Richardpruen (talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 40: | Line 40: | ||
=ENDS - Heart Disease= | =ENDS - Heart Disease= | ||
==2019: [http://www.ecigarette-research.org/research/index.php/whats-new/2019/268-ecig-heart E-cigarette use increases the risk of stroke and heart attack: conclusions that constitute epidemiological malpractice]== | |||
== 2020 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012369220307546?dgcid=author Vaping Nicotine Is Far Less Harmful Than Smoking Tobacco]== | |||
== 2019: [http://www.ecigarette-research.org/research/index.php/whats-new/2019/268-ecig-heart E-cigarette use increases the risk of stroke and heart attack: conclusions that constitute epidemiological malpractice]== | |||
* Dr Farsalinos: “Increasing the risk” means that someone is FIRST exposed to a condition (in this case, exposed to e-cigarette use) and THEN, BECAUSE OF THIS EXPOSURE, he/she develops disease. Both studies CANNOT provide any of this information to substantiate an increased risk. Both are cross-sectional surveys, meaning that they asked participants if they have heart disease and if they use e-cigarettes. The studies provide no information on whether e-cigarette use was initiated before (and how long before) or after the development of disease. What if participants used e-cigarettes after they developed the disease in order to quit smoking? | * Dr Farsalinos: “Increasing the risk” means that someone is FIRST exposed to a condition (in this case, exposed to e-cigarette use) and THEN, BECAUSE OF THIS EXPOSURE, he/she develops disease. Both studies CANNOT provide any of this information to substantiate an increased risk. Both are cross-sectional surveys, meaning that they asked participants if they have heart disease and if they use e-cigarettes. The studies provide no information on whether e-cigarette use was initiated before (and how long before) or after the development of disease. What if participants used e-cigarettes after they developed the disease in order to quit smoking? | ||
| Line 48: | Line 51: | ||
* Debunking this Medical Xpress article: [https://medicalxpress.com/news/2019-01-e-cigarettes-linked-higher-heart-diseased.html E-cigarettes linked to higher risk of stroke, heart attack, diseased arteries] | * Debunking this Medical Xpress article: [https://medicalxpress.com/news/2019-01-e-cigarettes-linked-higher-heart-diseased.html E-cigarettes linked to higher risk of stroke, heart attack, diseased arteries] | ||
==2016: [https://senseaboutscience.org/activities/response-to-stories-suggesting-that-vaping-is-as-bad-for-the-heart-as-cigarettes/ Response to stories suggesting that vaping is as bad for the heart as cigarettes]== | == 2016: [https://senseaboutscience.org/activities/response-to-stories-suggesting-that-vaping-is-as-bad-for-the-heart-as-cigarettes/ Response to stories suggesting that vaping is as bad for the heart as cigarettes]== | ||
* Professor Peter Hajek: “The study is reporting on a well-known short-term effect of nicotine – stiffening of arteries – that accompanies all types of stimulation. The same effect is generated by watching a thriller or a football match or sitting an exam. Drinking a cup of coffee actually produces a larger response of much longer duration. The key heart health risks of smoking are not caused by nicotine but by other chemicals in tobacco smoke that are not present in e-cigarette vapour.” | * Professor Peter Hajek: “The study is reporting on a well-known short-term effect of nicotine – stiffening of arteries – that accompanies all types of stimulation. The same effect is generated by watching a thriller or a football match or sitting an exam. Drinking a cup of coffee actually produces a larger response of much longer duration. The key heart health risks of smoking are not caused by nicotine but by other chemicals in tobacco smoke that are not present in e-cigarette vapour.” | ||
| Line 64: | Line 67: | ||
[https://vaping360.com/vape-news/88729/journal-retracts-unreliable-glantz-study-tying-vaping-to-heart-attacks/ Journal Retracts "Unreliable" Glantz Study Tying Vaping to Heart Attacks] | [https://vaping360.com/vape-news/88729/journal-retracts-unreliable-glantz-study-tying-vaping-to-heart-attacks/ Journal Retracts "Unreliable" Glantz Study Tying Vaping to Heart Attacks] | ||
== 2011 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3116468/ If the data contradict the theory, throw out the data: Nicotine addiction in the 2010 report of the Surgeon General]== | |||
=ENDS - Youth= | =ENDS - Youth= | ||
edits