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**...less than half believe that long-term nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is preferable to smoking (31% UK, 48% Sweden). | **...less than half believe that long-term nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is preferable to smoking (31% UK, 48% Sweden). | ||
**Many (44% UK, 56% Sweden) also wrongly believe that nicotine in tobacco products is associated with cancer, while 15% in the UK and 22% in Sweden believe the same for pharmaceutical nicotine. | **Many (44% UK, 56% Sweden) also wrongly believe that nicotine in tobacco products is associated with cancer, while 15% in the UK and 22% in Sweden believe the same for pharmaceutical nicotine. | ||
=Stigma - Lung Diseases= | |||
===2022: [https://thoracicrad.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/4083-STR-Newsletter-r5.pdf Society of Thoracic Radiology]=== | |||
*STR’S COMMITMENT TO NON-STIGMATIZING LANGUAGE IN LUNG CANCER CARE | |||
*"Whether we as chest imagers realize it or not, our very language can have a negative impact on the care for the patients we serve. As published studies continue to demonstrate, smoking-related language bias often stigmatizes our patients with a smoking history and results in suboptimal care and less than desirable clinical outcomes... Instead of a report stigmatizing the patient as a “smoker,” consider describing the patient as a “person who smokes.” Rather than a “nicotine addict,” an expression such as a “person with a nicotine dependence” attenuates the common stigmatization of these patients. One will notice these alternative descriptors utilize a person-first approach rather than a habit-based one. This approach can and should be adopted in publications, society and conference presentations as well as in daily training with residents and fellows. Ultimately, this language shift more precisely aligns itself with a core underpinning of our approach to care – respect for our patients. | |||
===2022: [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772628222000103 Reducing stigma triggered by assessing smoking status among patients diagnosed with lung cancer: De-stigmatizing do and don't lessons learned from qualitative interviews]=== | |||
*Patients expressed clear preferences for CCPS to refrain from using judgmental labels when assessing smoking history, including a preference for questions such as ''' “have you smoked cigarettes in the past 30 days” rather than “are you a smoker?” '''. This perspective is consistent with the broader clinical efforts and dissemination of resources to reduce illness-related stigma through the increased use of person-first language and other bias-free language in clinical care and research. [emphasis added] | |||
===2021: [https://www.lungcancercoalition.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Great-Britain-national-data-pack-FINAL.pdf Great Britain: symptom awareness and attitudes to lung cancer Findings from a global study]=== | |||
*One in four (25%) people in the UK agreed that they have less sympathy for people with lung cancer than other forms of cancer. Globally, one in five (21%) people agreed that they have less sympathy for people with lung cancer than other forms of cancer. | |||
===2021: [https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/lung-cancer-stigma-holds-back-treatment-research MNT investigates: How lung cancer stigma holds back research and treatment]=== | |||
*Drs. Carter-Harris and Williamson both encourage people to use person-first language when talking about smoking. One example of this is describing someone as “a person who formerly smoked” rather than “a former smoker.” | |||
*“By labeling someone as a smoker, you’ve depersonalized them, and you’ve identified them by a behavior that’s stigmatized,” Dr. Carter-Harris said. | |||
*The National Cancer Institute invested nearly $575 millionTrusted Source in breast cancer research in 2018. They invested only $350 million in lung cancer research that year. Research disparities exist in other countries as well. A global analysis found that lung cancer accounted for roughly 20% of cancer deaths but only 5.6% of cancer research output in 2013. | |||
===2019: [https://www.jto.org/article/S1556-0864(19)30813-5/fulltext ES13.05 Stigma and Impact of Tobacco Control Policy]=== | |||
*The stigma reduces the funding available for lung cancer research. In the US, federal funding for lung cancer research per lung cancer death is only 15% of the funding amount for breast cancer per breast cancer death. | |||
*In a Global Lung Cancer Coalition survey, one in five people (21%) agreed with the statement that they have less sympathy for people with lung cancer than for people with other types of cancer. | |||
*Stigmatization of smokers has the greatest impact on the socioeconomically deprived, the disadvantaged populations. These populations have the highest prevalence of smokers and encounter the stigma of their race or disadvantage (poverty, disability, sexual preference, behavioral health etc.) in addition to the stigma associated with smoking. | |||
*This stigmatization leads people who smoke to be less likely to seek medical care when they have symptoms, more likely to lie about their smoking, more likely to be refused access to care including curative surgery for early stage lung cancer unless they quit smoking, less likely to be offered smoking cessation help if they are uncomfortable disclosing their smoking status due to stigma and bias from their healthcare professional. | |||
===2014: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4634635/ Lung Cancer Stigma, Anxiety, Depression and Quality of Life]=== | |||
*Regardless of smoking status, lung cancer patients have reported stigmatization from clinicians, family members and friends due to strong associations between smoking and lung disease. | |||
*The results of this study confirm our previous findings that LCS [lung cancer stigma] is positively correlated with anxiety and depression and negatively correlated with QOL [quality of life]. | |||
===2014: [https://newrepublic.com/article/116553/smoking-and-stigma-war-smoking-has-gone-too-far Let's Not Wage War on Smokers]=== | |||
*In 2004, a team of health scientists at Oxford interviewed 45 people with lung cancer and found that felt even more stigma than other cancer patients: Participants experienced stigma commonly felt by patients with other types of cancer, but, whether they smoked or not, they felt particularly stigmatized because the disease is so strongly associated with smoking… Some patients concealed their illness, which sometimes had adverse financial consequences or made it hard for them to gain support from other people. | |||
=Suggested studies to add to this page= | =Suggested studies to add to this page= | ||
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