Myth Busting: Difference between revisions

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===Please see the page: [https://safernicotine.wiki/mediawiki/index.php/Myth:_Alternative_nicotine_products_are_a_gateway_to_smoking Myth: Alternative nicotine products are a gateway to smoking]===

===2016: Truth Blog: [https://www.clivebates.com/how-not-to-be-duped-by-gateway-effect-claims/ How not to be duped by gateway effect claims]===

: There are just too many desperately biased academic papers making ridiculous claims based on data and methods that could never describe a gateway effect. We should be looking at what is happening to the main trends in youth smoking, and this shows rapid declines in smoking and at a faster rate as vaping has risen. When you look at the full picture the data far more consistent with the vaping gateway being an ‘exit’ from smoking than an entrance.

*Truth Blog: [http://tobaccoanalysis.blogspot.com/2016/06/new-pediatrics-study-provides.html New Pediatrics Study Provides Absolutely No Evidence that E-Cigarettes are a Gateway to Smoking]

: The study counted anyone who had even puffed a cigarette once as being a smoker. So theoretically, a subject could have had a single puff of an e-cigarette and hated it, and then had a single puff of a cigarette and hated it, and they would be considered someone who initiated smoking because of vaping first.

*Truth Statements: [https://www.sciencemediacentre.org/expert-reaction-to-study-on-e-cigarettes-and-future-cigarette-use/ Expert reaction to study on e-cigarettes and future cigarette use]

*; Prof. Ann McNeill, Professor of Tobacco Addiction at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London : “The gateway hypothesis in the addictions field is frequently used but is highly contested as it has a poor evidence base in general. This study does nothing to strengthen that evidence base.”

*; Prof. Peter Hajek, Director of the Tobacco Dependence Research Unit at Queen Mary University of London : "Like several previous studies of this type, this one just shows that people who try things, try things."

*Debunked Study: [https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2016/06/10/peds.2016-0379 E-Cigarettes and Future Cigarette Use]

*Debunked Article: [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-ecigarettes-idUSKCN0YZ0C0 Vaping teens more apt to move on to regular cigarettes: U.S. study]

===2015: Truth [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4454978/ Gateway Effects: Why the Cited Evidence Does Not Support Their Existence for Low-Risk Tobacco Products (and What Evidence Would)]===

: The simple counts of when subjects first tried a cigarette show earlier smoking among those who had tried e-cigarettes as compared to those who never tried e-cigarettes, which by itself is enough to favor the THR interpretation over the gateway interpretation.

=Myth ENDS - Heavy Metals at dangerous levels=

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*A striking feature of the data is that almost all e-cigarette users were either current or former smokers of combustible tobacco.

*Among respondents who had never smoked combustible tobacco, we find no evidence that current or former e-cigarette use is associated with respiratory disease.

[https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w27507/w27507.pdf Link to PDF]

*[https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w27507/w27507.pdf Link to PDF]

===2020: Article: [https://www.nyu.edu/about/news-publications/news/2020/january/youth-vaping.html?fbclid=IwAR2DeqxR69ytUzIXbRfrAOU16q7Pra-JjFdHM6B09JJJton3xHewqOLdUmM Most Young People Do Not Vape, and Even Fewer Vape Regularly]===

~~===2019: Blog: [https://www.clivebates.com/the-great-american-youth-vaping-epidemic-really/ The great American youth vaping epidemic. Really?]===~~

===[https://twitter.com/jkelovuori/status/1349746509605195777 suggestions on twitter]===

===2020: Truth Blog: [https://catallaxyfiles.com/2020/12/02/dodgy-stats-on-the-gateway-hypothesis/ Dodgy stats on the Gateway Hypothesis]===

~~===2020: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32335976/ Electronic cigarettes, nicotine use trends and use initiation ages among US adolescents from 1999 to 2018]===~~

~~===2020: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31680169/ The Relationship Between Electronic Cigarette Use and Conventional Cigarette Smoking Is Largely Attributable to Shared Risk Factors]===~~

~~===2018: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29065204/ The Role of Nicotine Dependence in E-Cigarettes' Potential for Smoking Reduction]===~~

~~===2017: [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/add.14013 Evaluating the mutual pathways among electronic cigarette use, conventional smoking and nicotine dependence]===~~

===2015: Truth Blog: [https://antithrlies.com/2015/09/25/is-ecigs-are-a-gateway-the-new-addiction-i-e-fiercely-debated-in-the-absence-of-defining-the-term/ Is “ecigs are a gateway” the new “addiction”? (i.e., fiercely debated in the absence of defining the term)]===

===2015: Truth Statement: [https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/12/5/5439/htm settings Open AccessArticle Gateway Effects: Why the Cited Evidence Does Not Support Their Existence for Low-Risk Tobacco Products (and What Evidence Would)]===

===2015: Truth Blog: [https://www.clivebates.com/jama-paper-finds-some-adolescents-experiment-with-stuff-so-what/ JAMA paper finds some adolescents experiment with stuff – so what?]===

===2014: Truth Evaluation: [https://clivebates.com/documents/JAMAcomment.pdf Youth Experimentation With e-Cigarettes Another Interpretation of the Data]===

===2013: Truth Blog: [https://www.clivebates.com/we-need-to-talk-about-the-children-the-gateway-effect-examined/ We need to talk about the children – the gateway effect examined]===

===[https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/business/biotech/sdut-e-cigarette-reporting-wrong-2016jan03-story.html E-cig reporting: What went wrong?]===

@@ Line 113: / Line 113: @@
 ===Please see the page: [https://safernicotine.wiki/mediawiki/index.php/Myth:_Alternative_nicotine_products_are_a_gateway_to_smoking Myth: Alternative nicotine products are a gateway to smoking]===
-===2016: <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 57, 33);" data-mce-style="background-color: #ff5733;">Truth</span> Blog: [https://www.clivebates.com/how-not-to-be-duped-by-gateway-effect-claims/ How not to be duped by gateway effect claims]===
-: There are just too many desperately biased academic papers making ridiculous claims based on data and methods that could never describe a gateway effect. We should be looking at what is happening to the main trends in youth smoking, and this shows rapid declines in smoking and at a faster rate as vaping has risen.  When you look at the full picture the data far more consistent with the vaping gateway being an ‘exit’ from smoking than an entrance.
-*<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 57, 33);" data-mce-style="background-color: #ff5733;">Truth</span> Blog: [http://tobaccoanalysis.blogspot.com/2016/06/new-pediatrics-study-provides.html New Pediatrics Study Provides Absolutely No Evidence that E-Cigarettes are a Gateway to Smoking]
-: The study counted anyone who had even puffed a cigarette once as being a smoker. So theoretically, a subject could have had a single puff of an e-cigarette and hated it, and then had a single puff of a cigarette and hated it, and they would be considered someone who initiated smoking because of vaping first.
-*<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 57, 33);" data-mce-style="background-color: #ff5733;">Truth</span> Statements: [https://www.sciencemediacentre.org/expert-reaction-to-study-on-e-cigarettes-and-future-cigarette-use/ Expert reaction to study on e-cigarettes and future cigarette use]
-*; Prof. Ann McNeill, Professor of Tobacco Addiction at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London : “The gateway hypothesis in the addictions field is frequently used but is highly contested as it has a poor evidence base in general. This study does nothing to strengthen that evidence base.”
-*; Prof. Peter Hajek, Director of the Tobacco Dependence Research Unit at Queen Mary University of London : "Like several previous studies of this type, this one just shows that people who try things, try things."
-*<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 0);" data-mce-style="background-color: #ffff00;">Debunked</span> Study: [https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2016/06/10/peds.2016-0379 E-Cigarettes and Future Cigarette Use]
-*<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 0);" data-mce-style="background-color: #ffff00;">Debunked</span> Article: [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-ecigarettes-idUSKCN0YZ0C0 Vaping teens more apt to move on to regular cigarettes: U.S. study]
-===2015: <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 57, 33);" data-mce-style="background-color: #ff5733;">Truth</span> [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4454978/ Gateway Effects: Why the Cited Evidence Does Not Support Their Existence for Low-Risk Tobacco Products (and What Evidence Would)]===
-: The simple counts of when subjects first tried a cigarette show earlier smoking among those who had tried e-cigarettes as compared to those who never tried e-cigarettes, which by itself is enough to favor the THR interpretation over the gateway interpretation.
 =<span style="background-color: rgb(51, 254, 255);" data-mce-style="background-color: #33FEFF;">Myth</span> ENDS - Heavy Metals at dangerous levels=
@@ Line 349: / Line 335: @@
 *A striking feature of the data is that almost all e-cigarette users were either current or former smokers of combustible tobacco.
 *Among respondents who had never smoked combustible tobacco, we find no evidence that current or former e-cigarette use is associated with respiratory disease.
-[https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w27507/w27507.pdf Link to PDF]
+*[https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w27507/w27507.pdf Link to PDF]
-===2020: Article: [https://www.nyu.edu/about/news-publications/news/2020/january/youth-vaping.html?fbclid=IwAR2DeqxR69ytUzIXbRfrAOU16q7Pra-JjFdHM6B09JJJton3xHewqOLdUmM Most Young People Do Not Vape, and Even Fewer Vape Regularly]===
-===2019: Blog: [https://www.clivebates.com/the-great-american-youth-vaping-epidemic-really/ The great American youth vaping epidemic. Really?]===
 ===[https://twitter.com/jkelovuori/status/1349746509605195777 suggestions on twitter]===
-===2020: <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 57, 33);" data-mce-style="background-color: #ff5733;">Truth</span> Blog: [https://catallaxyfiles.com/2020/12/02/dodgy-stats-on-the-gateway-hypothesis/ Dodgy stats on the Gateway Hypothesis]===
-===2020: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32335976/ Electronic cigarettes, nicotine use trends and use initiation ages among US adolescents from 1999 to 2018]===
-===2020: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31680169/ The Relationship Between Electronic Cigarette Use and Conventional Cigarette Smoking Is Largely Attributable to Shared Risk Factors]===
-===2018: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29065204/ The Role of Nicotine Dependence in E-Cigarettes' Potential for Smoking Reduction]===
-===2017: [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/add.14013 Evaluating the mutual pathways among electronic cigarette use, conventional smoking and nicotine dependence]===
-===2015: <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 57, 33);" data-mce-style="background-color: #ff5733;">Truth</span> Blog: [https://antithrlies.com/2015/09/25/is-ecigs-are-a-gateway-the-new-addiction-i-e-fiercely-debated-in-the-absence-of-defining-the-term/ Is “ecigs are a gateway” the new “addiction”? (i.e., fiercely debated in the absence of defining the term)]===
-===2015: <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 57, 33);" data-mce-style="background-color: #ff5733;">Truth</span> Statement: [https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/12/5/5439/htm settings Open AccessArticle Gateway Effects: Why the Cited Evidence Does Not Support Their Existence for Low-Risk Tobacco Products (and What Evidence Would)]===
-===2015: <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 57, 33);" data-mce-style="background-color: #ff5733;">Truth</span> Blog: [https://www.clivebates.com/jama-paper-finds-some-adolescents-experiment-with-stuff-so-what/ JAMA paper finds some adolescents experiment with stuff – so what?]===
-===2014: <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 57, 33);" data-mce-style="background-color: #ff5733;">Truth</span> Evaluation: [https://clivebates.com/documents/JAMAcomment.pdf Youth Experimentation With e-Cigarettes Another Interpretation of the Data]===
-===2013: <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 57, 33);" data-mce-style="background-color: #ff5733;">Truth</span> Blog: [https://www.clivebates.com/we-need-to-talk-about-the-children-the-gateway-effect-examined/ We need to talk about the children – the gateway effect examined]===
 ===[https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/business/biotech/sdut-e-cigarette-reporting-wrong-2016jan03-story.html E-cig reporting: What went wrong?]===