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=== Creative use of language === | === Creative use of language === | ||
==== (Miss) use of modal verbs ==== | |||
[[File:Screenshot from 2022-11-01 13-47-17.png|alt=Telegraph headline Vaping may be as bad for the heart as cigarettes.|left|thumb|Telegraph headline Vaping '''may''' be as bad for the heart as cigarettes. ]] | [[File:Screenshot from 2022-11-01 13-47-17.png|alt=Telegraph headline Vaping may be as bad for the heart as cigarettes.|left|thumb|Telegraph headline Vaping '''may''' be as bad for the heart as cigarettes. ]] | ||
For example the word '''may''' is doing all the work here, when we read the article, and the study it reports on, we find that short term changes in heart rate and blood pressure where detected, however nothing harmful or long term. Such things as drinking a cup of coffee, running for a bus, or a surprise gift, all cause similar changes. | For example the word '''may''' is doing all the work here, when we read the article, and the study it reports on, we find that short term changes in heart rate and blood pressure where detected, however nothing harmful or long term. Such things as drinking a cup of coffee, running for a bus, or a surprise gift, all cause similar changes. | ||
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Such tactics can be argued to go against principles of 'good ethics' particularly where (public) health is concerned, and where not likely to be obvious, context (as provided above with coffee etc.) should be provided. This is not unreasonable, the public expects high standards, when reading about things that are used to make health choices. Please see the next picture particularly the second tweet pictured, regarding the reasons for being untruthful, and why that isn't ok. | Such tactics can be argued to go against principles of 'good ethics' particularly where (public) health is concerned, and where not likely to be obvious, context (as provided above with coffee etc.) should be provided. This is not unreasonable, the public expects high standards, when reading about things that are used to make health choices. Please see the next picture particularly the second tweet pictured, regarding the reasons for being untruthful, and why that isn't ok. | ||
<nowiki><br></nowiki> | |||
==== Omitting important information ==== | |||
[[File:Screenshot from 2022-11-01 14-11-48.png|alt=The first tweet pictured states: "In mice. But you don't say "in mice," so you are deliberately misleading readers. Why do you do this? You have done things like this consistently for years now. Misleading your followers is a violation of Truth-Telling, a fundamental moral principle in Healthcare Ethics." The second: "Deliberately violating one fundamental moral principle of healthcare ethics, Truth-Telling, to achieve a perceived paternalistic Utilitarian goal."|left|thumb|Dr Gardner, a screenshot from twitter ]] | [[File:Screenshot from 2022-11-01 14-11-48.png|alt=The first tweet pictured states: "In mice. But you don't say "in mice," so you are deliberately misleading readers. Why do you do this? You have done things like this consistently for years now. Misleading your followers is a violation of Truth-Telling, a fundamental moral principle in Healthcare Ethics." The second: "Deliberately violating one fundamental moral principle of healthcare ethics, Truth-Telling, to achieve a perceived paternalistic Utilitarian goal."|left|thumb|Dr Gardner, a screenshot from twitter ]] | ||
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[[Charles A. Gardner|Dr Gardner]] Has a PHD in developmental neurobiology, and has taught healthcare ethics. | [[Charles A. Gardner|Dr Gardner]] Has a PHD in developmental neurobiology, and has taught healthcare ethics. | ||
=== Image manipulation === | |||
<nowiki><br></nowiki> | |||
==== Image manipulation ==== | |||
[[File:1839E75E-7321-46FF-AFB7-2D522AF401B4.png|alt=Screenshot from Twitter referring to image manipulation, and it’s prevalence in scientific papers. This is far too common in all science, not only THR.|left|thumb|Screenshot from Twitter referring to image manipulation, and it’s prevalence in scientific papers. This is far too common in all science, not only THR.]] | [[File:1839E75E-7321-46FF-AFB7-2D522AF401B4.png|alt=Screenshot from Twitter referring to image manipulation, and it’s prevalence in scientific papers. This is far too common in all science, not only THR.|left|thumb|Screenshot from Twitter referring to image manipulation, and it’s prevalence in scientific papers. This is far too common in all science, not only THR.]] | ||
[https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/10/29/opinion/science-fraud-image-manipulation-photoshop.html?unlocked_article_code=JP6v9FFDKJGBQu6-EXI6KZotNQxI9v4Uwa8iv1yXu1Jylvr-aZkat0TS-v8QUynrTfx-EfPE0YSFsYq_4fdeMdCuM2Ca6KF7N5NZBb-F2QfTsE0rlzXp4RJy6EBRKqALE3yY1dmUW5URxMR2pYurvw_nnQiv16tceGdeqmMNYYS1Cmkf4spCLpx_cvw2kRhenxy6c_rRgXGPvssslUWglhpLPIccTc3eiwfi-bpnYFAmq82LA_YTSThJYBNjS1xabAL-YaYwceAtGH4ONGL17J-cUWglo605d7eNqXUw7O81zYpImUfboQ3AN1BixRNo01akrL1VKW1QI54lg_CAMPIumBHEE57iwgKX0PmqdUF9XNZ8hAgnW7TJyPsx1oiw4UrCMQ&smid=share-url New York Times article] '''[[Elisabeth Bik|By Elisabeth Bik]]''' | [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/10/29/opinion/science-fraud-image-manipulation-photoshop.html?unlocked_article_code=JP6v9FFDKJGBQu6-EXI6KZotNQxI9v4Uwa8iv1yXu1Jylvr-aZkat0TS-v8QUynrTfx-EfPE0YSFsYq_4fdeMdCuM2Ca6KF7N5NZBb-F2QfTsE0rlzXp4RJy6EBRKqALE3yY1dmUW5URxMR2pYurvw_nnQiv16tceGdeqmMNYYS1Cmkf4spCLpx_cvw2kRhenxy6c_rRgXGPvssslUWglhpLPIccTc3eiwfi-bpnYFAmq82LA_YTSThJYBNjS1xabAL-YaYwceAtGH4ONGL17J-cUWglo605d7eNqXUw7O81zYpImUfboQ3AN1BixRNo01akrL1VKW1QI54lg_CAMPIumBHEE57iwgKX0PmqdUF9XNZ8hAgnW7TJyPsx1oiw4UrCMQ&smid=share-url New York Times article] '''[[Elisabeth Bik|By Elisabeth Bik]]''' | ||
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