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=== 2023: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36721811/ Effect of Nicotine on Immune System Function.] === | |||
* Despite the completely destructive and harmful effects of cigarette smoke, nicotine via stimulation of the α7 receptor can promote the anti-inflammatory benefits on the immune system. However, these effects depend on the concentration, and administration methods are different and sometimes contradictory. It can be used successfully to treat or inhibit autoimmune diseases. Although the exact mechanism of this treatment is unknown, it appears to involve inhibiting downstream intracellular pathways that lead to the secretion of pre-inflammatory cytokines. | |||
* Human study | |||
* Review of existing evidence | |||
* Mahmoudzadeh L, Abtahi Froushani SM, Ajami M, Mahmoudzadeh M. Adv Pharm Bull. 2023 Jan;13(1):69-78. doi: 10.34172/apb.2023.008. Epub 2022 Jan 4. PMID: 36721811 Free PMC article | |||
===2023 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S027869152300039X?via%3Dihub Tobacco heating system has less impact on bone metabolism than cigarette smoke]=== | ===2023 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S027869152300039X?via%3Dihub Tobacco heating system has less impact on bone metabolism than cigarette smoke]=== | ||
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